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Seawater was sampled from Niskin bottles on GO-SHIP P16N, P18, and IO7N cruises using acid-cleaned silicone tubing (soaked in 10% HCl). Seawater from depths shallower than 200m was filtered using pre-combusted Whatman GF/F 0.7 micrometer (µm) filters. Solid-phase extracted dissolved organic carbon (SPE-DOC) was extracted using Bond Elut PPL 1 gram resins and established protocols (Dittmar et al., 2008). On P18 and IO7N, SPE-DOC was extracted on the vessel. Seawater from P16N was stored frozen until processing at the laboratory at University of California, Irvine (UCI).

SPE-DOC elutions in methanol follow established protocols (Dittmar et al., 2008), that have been slightly adapted to increase carbon yields (Lewis et al., 2020). After elution, SPE-DOC was dried using a centrifugal evaporator, sealed on a vacuum line, and combusted at 850C for 2 hours. SPE-DOC concentrations were measured manometrically on a vacuum line, and radiocarbon measurements were performed at the Keck Carbon Cycle Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Lab at the University of California, Irvine.

Refer to "Related Datasets" for the related Niskin bottle data from these GO-SHIP cruises. Seawater from multiple Niskin bottles was integrated for solid-phase extraction. The stations and depth ranges listed (between the minimum and maximum depths) refer to the Niskin bottles from the GO-SHIP bottle file in related datasets.

1d:Tacf,NSF Award Abstract: Controls on the Aging of Marine Dissolved Organic Carbon Most of the organic carbon in ocean water is in the dissolved form. Surprisingly, the age of this dissolved organic carbon is thousands of years old, even though it is thought to form during photosynthesis in the surface ocean. One explanation for the age of this carbon is the amount of time that it takes for carbon to circulate through the ocean. Investigators at the University of California Irvine (UCI) will investigate the aging of dissolved organic carbon in the Pacific, Southern and Indian oceans using C-14 isotopes. This work is important for knowing how carbon produced from human activities will be distributed on Earth in the future. This project will support the work of two graduate and two undergraduate students, providing hands-on experience that will prepare them for careers as scientists and educators. Both graduate students will be involved in a variety of educational activities. They will also help teach a short course on applications of C-14 in Ecology and Earth System Science for graduate students, technicians, postdocs and researchers during summer. UCI is a Hispanic-serving institution (27% of undergraduates identify as Hispanic), and 60% of students who attend UCI are first generation family representatives. This study will examine the concentration, isotopic (14C, 13C) and molecular composition of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in depth profiles from the Pacific, Southern and Indian Oceans. This information will help to determine the main controls on DOC cycling in the world’s oceans. The project will test the hypothesis that circulation is the primary control on DOC cycling in the deepest water (>3500 meters). The research will also investigate two alternative processes that could influence the age of DOC in deep water (2000-3000 meters): (1) dissolution of surface-derived particles and (2) input of ancient carbon from hydrothermal vents and flanks. Spectroscopic and spectrometric measurements designed to characterize a portion of the DOC will be performed on surface and deep water. Results will be incorporated into an inverse model of DOC cycling to determine the main processes controlling the DOC cycle in the ocean. DOC may serve as a sink for excess carbon dioxide produced from human activities and the size of the refractory DOC pool in the ocean could increase as circulation slows. Measuring the 14C age of DOC in the surface and deep ocean is important for understanding how the global carbon cycle will change as the Earth's climate shifts. This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.6:["$","$L1b",null,{"dataset":{"_id":"853101","description":"","problem":"","acquisition":"$1c","processing":"

Data were processed using Microsoft Excel spreadsheets. SPE-DOC PPL recovery was calculated by dividing [SPE-DOC] by total [DOC]. Total [DOC] measurements can be found at https://doi.org/10.7289/v5cv4g1w or in (Druffel et al., 2021) currently in press at Geophysical Research Letters.

BCO-DMO Processing Description:
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\n","bcodmoProcessing":"","title":"Concentrations and radiocarbon signatures of SPE-DOC extracted from seawater samples on GO-SHIP cruises P16N, P18, and IO7N in the North Pacific, Eastern Pacific, and Western Indian Oceans","nickname":"GO-SHIP SPE-DOC","dataUrl":"","currentState":"Final no updates expected","currentStateId":"7","validated":true,"restricted":false,"version":"1","version_date":"2021-06-28T04:00:00.000Z","abstract":"This dataset includes concentrations and radiocarbon signatures of solid-phase extracted dissolved organic carbon (SPE-DOC) from seawater samples. Water samples were collected on GO-SHIP cruises P16N, P18, and IO7N in the North Pacific, Eastern Pacific, and Western Indian Oceans from 2015 to 2018.\r\n","citation":"Druffel, E. R., Lewis, C. (2022) Concentrations and radiocarbon signatures of SPE-DOC extracted from seawater samples on GO-SHIP cruises P16N, P18, and IO7N in the North Pacific, Eastern Pacific, and Western Indian Oceans. 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Druffel"},"performedAtOrganization":{"_id":"244","name":"University of California-Irvine"}},{"role":{"_id":"128","name":"Student"},"performedBy":{"_id":"853150","name":"Christian Blair Lewis"},"performedAtOrganization":{"_id":"244","name":"University of California-Irvine"}},{"role":{"_id":"133","name":"Contact"},"performedBy":{"_id":"792434","name":"Ellen R.M. Druffel"},"performedAtOrganization":{"_id":"244","name":"University of California-Irvine"}},{"role":{"_id":"145","name":"BCO-DMO Data Manager"},"performedBy":{"_id":"835206","name":"Taylor Heyl"},"performedAtOrganization":{"_id":"191","name":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution"}},{"role":{"_id":"145","name":"BCO-DMO Data Manager"},"performedBy":{"_id":"51498","name":"Shannon Rauch"},"performedAtOrganization":{"_id":"191","name":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution"}}],"deployments":[{"_id":"787503","name":"RB1503_leg1","synonyms":["P16N","33RO20150410","P16N_leg1","rb1503_leg1","P16N/1"],"dates":{"start":"2015-04-10T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2015-05-13T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"54014","name":"NOAA Ship Ronald H. Brown"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"852233","name":"Jessica Cross","role":"Chief Scientist"},{"id":"809305","name":"Samantha Siedlecki","role":"Co-Chief Scientist"}]},{"_id":"852236","name":"RB1503_leg2","synonyms":["P16N","33RO20150525","P16N_leg2","P16N/2","2015_P16N_leg2","rb1503_leg2","RB1503"],"dates":{"start":"2015-05-25T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2015-06-27T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"54014","name":"NOAA Ship Ronald H. Brown"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"50779","name":"Alison Macdonald","role":"Chief Scientist"},{"id":"50792","name":"Sabine Mecking","role":"Co-Chief Scientist"}]},{"_id":"821809","name":"RB1606_leg1","synonyms":["33RO20161119","P18_2016","Line P18","P18_leg1","SOCCOM-11","P18","2016_P18_leg1","rb1606_leg1"],"dates":{"start":"2016-11-19T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2016-12-24T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"54014","name":"NOAA Ship Ronald H. Brown"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"521236","name":"Brendan Carter","role":"Chief Scientist"},{"id":"778011","name":"Annie Bourbonnais","role":"Co-Chief Scientist"}]},{"_id":"821815","name":"RB1606_leg2","synonyms":["33RO20161119","P18_2016","Line P18","P18_leg2","SOCCOM-11","2016_P18_leg2","P18","rb1606_leg2"],"dates":{"start":"2016-12-30T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2017-02-03T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"54014","name":"NOAA Ship Ronald H. Brown"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"527925","name":"Rolf Sonnerup","role":"Chief Scientist"},{"id":"821817","name":"Sarah Purkey","role":"Co-Chief Scientist"}]},{"_id":"852241","name":"RB1803","synonyms":["Line I07N","2018_I07N","I07N_2018","33RO20180423"],"dates":{"start":"2018-04-23T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2018-06-06T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"54014","name":"NOAA Ship Ronald H. Brown"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"852243","name":"Denis Volkov","role":"Chief Scientist"},{"id":"852245","name":"Viviane Menezes","role":"Co-Chief Scientist"}]}],"funding":[{"_id":"792431","name":"OCE-1951073","fundingSource":{"_id":"355","name":"NSF Division of Ocean Sciences"},"url":"https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1951073"}],"instruments":[{"_id":"853110","name":"","description":"SPE-DOC delta14C values measured using Accelerator Mass Spectrometry in the Keck Carbon Cycle Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Lab at the University of California, Irvine.","type_id":"527","type_name":"Accelerator Mass Spectrometer","type_desc":"An AMS measures \"long-lived radionuclides that occur naturally in our environment. AMS uses a particle accelerator in conjunction with ion sources, large magnets, and detectors to separate out interferences and count single atoms in the presence of 1x1015 (a thousand million million) stable atoms, measuring the mass-to-charge ratio of the products of sample molecule disassociation, atom ionization and ion acceleration.\" AMS permits ultra low-level measurement of compound concentrations and isotope ratios that traditional alpha-spectrometry cannot provide. More from Purdue University: http://www.physics.purdue.edu/primelab/introduction/ams.html","type_acronym":"AMS"},{"_id":"853314","name":"","description":"","type_id":"413","type_name":"Niskin bottle","type_desc":"A Niskin bottle (a next generation water sampler based on the Nansen bottle) is a cylindrical, non-metallic water collection device with stoppers at both ends. The bottles can be attached individually on a hydrowire or deployed in 12, 24, or 36 bottle Rosette systems mounted on a frame and combined with a CTD. Niskin bottles are used to collect discrete water samples for a range of measurements including pigments, nutrients, plankton, etc.","type_acronym":"Niskin bottle"}],"parameters":[{"_id":"868344","name":"UCI_AMS_Number","format":"","frictionlessType":"string","description":"

UCI AMS Number (ID number from the Keck CCAMS Lab)

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1971","name":"accession number","description":"

Database identifier assigned by repository and linked to GenBank or other repository.

"}},{"_id":"868345","name":"UCID","format":"","frictionlessType":"string","description":"

UCID: Identification number from Druffel Research Group

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"903","name":"number","description":"

number of organisms counted/observed, a generic term, specific to the data set in which it appears

"}},{"_id":"868346","name":"GO_SHIP_Cruise","format":"","frictionlessType":"string","description":"

GO-SHIP Cruise identifier

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1102","name":"cruise_id","description":"

cruise designation; name

"}},{"_id":"868347","name":"Latitude","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Latitude (North)

","units":{"_id":"","name":"decimal degrees"},"type":{"_id":"730","name":"latitude","description":"

latitude, in decimal degrees, North is positive, negative denotes South; Reported in some datasets as degrees, minutes

"}},{"_id":"868348","name":"Longitude","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Longitude (West is negative)

","units":{"_id":"","name":"decimal degrees"},"type":{"_id":"731","name":"longitude","description":"

longitude, in decimal degrees, East is positive, negative denotes West; Reported in some datsets as degrees, minutes

"}},{"_id":"868349","name":"Station","format":"","frictionlessType":"string","description":"

Station

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"987","name":"station","description":"

Station identifier; a unique number or alphanumeric string designating a general geographic location at which one or more sampling activities may occur.

"}},{"_id":"868350","name":"Sample_Depth_Range","format":"","frictionlessType":"string","description":"

Sample depth range mininum (SPE-DOC was extracted from seawater compiled from a few Niskin bottles)

","units":{"_id":"","name":"meters"},"type":{"_id":"1140","name":"depth_r","description":"

depth range/interval sampled

"}},{"_id":"868351","name":"SPE_DOC","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Solid-phase extracted dissolved organic carbon (SPE-DOC) concentration

","units":{"_id":"","name":"micromoles per liter (uM)"},"type":{"_id":"1188","name":"DOC","description":"

dissolved organic Carbon

"}},{"_id":"868352","name":"SPE_DOC_std_err","format":"","frictionlessType":"string","description":"

Standard error

","units":{"_id":"","name":"micromoles per liter (uM)"},"type":{"_id":"1975","name":"standard error","description":"

Generic standard error taking on the dimensions of the parameter it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"868353","name":"SPE_DOC_Fraction_Modern","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

SPE-DOC Fraction Modern

","units":{"_id":"","name":"dimensionless"},"type":{"_id":"1188","name":"DOC","description":"

dissolved organic Carbon

"}},{"_id":"868354","name":"SPE_DOC_Fraction_Modern_std_err","format":"","frictionlessType":"string","description":"

Standard error

","units":{"_id":"","name":"dimensionless"},"type":{"_id":"1975","name":"standard error","description":"

Generic standard error taking on the dimensions of the parameter it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"868355","name":"SPE_DOC_delta_14C","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

SPE-DOC radiocarbon signature

","units":{"_id":"","name":"permil (0/00)"},"type":{"_id":"823732","name":"carbon-14","description":"

Carbon-14 (C14; radiocarbon)

"}},{"_id":"868356","name":"SPE_DOC_delta_14C_std_err","format":"","frictionlessType":"string","description":"

Standard error

","units":{"_id":"","name":"permil (0/00)"},"type":{"_id":"1975","name":"standard error","description":"

Generic standard error taking on the dimensions of the parameter it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"868357","name":"PPL_Recovery","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

The percent of total organic matter that was captured through solid-phase extraction

","units":{"_id":"","name":"percent (%)"},"type":{"_id":"1073","name":"no_bcodmo_term","description":"

An association with a community-wide standard parameter has not yet been made.

"}},{"_id":"868358","name":"PPL_Recovery_std_err","format":"","frictionlessType":"string","description":"

Standard error

","units":{"_id":"","name":"percent (%)"},"type":{"_id":"1975","name":"standard error","description":"

Generic standard error taking on the dimensions of the parameter it is tied to.

"}}],"related_publications":[{"id":"736934","citation":"Dittmar, T., Koch, B., Hertkorn, N., & Kattner, G. (2008). A simple and efficient method for the solid-phase extraction of dissolved organic matter (SPE-DOM) from seawater. Limnology and Oceanography: Methods, 6(6), 230–235. doi:10.4319/lom.2008.6.230\r\n","relation_type":["Methods"],"relation_desc":""},{"id":"853111","citation":"Druffel, E. R. M., Griffin, S., Lewis, C. B., Rudresh, M., Garcia, N. G., Key, R. M., … Walker, B. D. (2021). Dissolved Organic Radiocarbon in the Eastern Pacific and Southern Oceans. Geophysical Research Letters, 48(10). doi:10.1029/2021gl092904\r\n","relation_type":["Results"],"relation_desc":""},{"id":"853326","citation":"Lewis, C. B., Walker, B. D., & Druffel, E. R. M. (2020). Isotopic and optical heterogeneity of solid phase extracted marine dissolved organic carbon. Marine Chemistry, 219, 103752. doi:10.1016/j.marchem.2020.103752\r\n","relation_type":["Methods"],"relation_desc":""},{"id":"868322","citation":"Lewis, C. B., Walker, B. D., & Druffel, E. R. M. (2021). New Radiocarbon Constraints on the Global Cycling of Solid‐Phase Extractable Dissolved Organic Carbon. Geophysical Research Letters, 48(14). doi:10.1029/2020gl090995\r\n","relation_type":["Results"],"relation_desc":""}],"related_datasets":[{"_id":"924605","name":"SPE-DOC 13C from GO-SHIP cruises (2015 to 2018)","url":"","relation_type":"IsRelatedTo","type_desc":"

The dataset is related to another dataset.

\n","relation_desc":"","citation":"Lewis, C. B., Walker, B. D., Druffel, E. R. (2024) Stable carbon isotopic signatures of solid-phase extracted DOC from seawater collected on three GO-SHIP Repeat Hydrography Cruises in 2015-2018 along transects P16N, P18, and I07N. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2024-04-09 doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.924605.1"},{"_id":"","name":"","url":"https://doi.org/10.7942/C2WC7C","relation_type":"IsSupplementedBy","type_desc":"Indicates datasets that are supplemental to this dataset.","relation_desc":"","citation":"Cross, J. (2015). P16N/1 2015 [Data set]. CCHDO: CLIVAR and Carbon Hydrographic Data Office. https://doi.org/10.7942/C2WC7C"},{"_id":"","name":"","url":"https://doi.org/10.7942/C21T0F","relation_type":"IsSupplementedBy","type_desc":"Indicates datasets that are supplemental to this dataset.","relation_desc":"","citation":"Rolf Sonnerup, B. C. (2016). P18 2016 [Data set]. CCHDO: CLIVAR and Carbon Hydrographic Data Office. https://doi.org/10.7942/C21T0F"},{"_id":"","name":"","url":"https://doi.org/10.7942/C25H2B","relation_type":"IsSupplementedBy","type_desc":"Indicates datasets that are supplemental to this dataset.","relation_desc":"","citation":"Volkov, D. L. (2018). I07N 2018 [Data set]. CCHDO: CLIVAR and Carbon Hydrographic Data Office. https://doi.org/10.7942/C25H2B"}],"services":[{"grouping":"","items":[{"name":"View Data","description":"An in-browser view of the primary tabular data file","url":"https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/853101/data/view","contentType":"text/html","actionType":"view"}]},{"grouping":"Metadata","items":[{"name":"HTML","description":"A simple HTML page of the dataset metadata","url":"https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/853101/description","contentType":"text/html","actionType":"view"},{"name":"PDF","description":"A PDF of the HTML dataset metadata","url":"https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/853101/Dataset_description.pdf","contentType":"application/pdf","actionType":"download"},{"name":"ISO 19115-2 (NOAA Profile)","description":"","url":"https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/853101/iso","contentType":"application/xml","actionType":"download"}]}],"programs":[],"projects":[{"_id":"792432","name":"Cycling of Dissolved Organic Matter in the Pacific and Indian Oceans Using Radiocarbon","acronym":"DOC 14C and 13C","description":"$1d"}],"archives":[{"id_value":"10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.853101.1","url":"https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.853101.1","date_assigned":"2022-01-19","version_date":"2021-06-28","archiver":"Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA)","archiver_id":"272"}],"license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","id":"CC-BY-4.0","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","spdxUri":"https://spdx.org/licenses/CC-BY-4.0"},"metrics":{"views":{"count":208},"downloads":{"count":453}}},"fileId":"903371"}]