http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/855036 eng; USA utf8 dataset Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact 2021-07-01 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Coral biometrics data from a heating experiment using samples collected from Nikko Bay and Rebotel Reef in Palau in the spring of 2018 2025-03-10 publication 2025-03-10 revision Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA) 2025-03-11 publication https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.855036.1 Mark E. Warner University of Delaware principalInvestigator Dustin Kemp University of Alabama at Birmingham principalInvestigator Todd Christopher LaJeunesse Pennsylvania State University principalInvestigator Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. publisher Cite this dataset as: Warner, M. E., LaJeunesse, T. C., Kemp, D. (2025) Coral biometrics data from a heating experiment using samples collected from Nikko Bay and Rebotel Reef in Palau in the spring of 2018. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2025-03-10 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.855036.1 [access date] Palau Coral Reef Experiment 2018: Biometrics Dataset Description: &lt;p&gt;This work was conducted in the island nation of Palau. Coral colonies were sampled from an inshore location (Ngermid Bay, also known as Nikko Bay) and an offshore location on the western barrier reef surrounding Palau (Rebotel Reef). Sampled colonies were returned to land and treated in a thermal experiment at the Palau International Coral Reef Center in land-based aquariums.&lt;/p&gt; Methods and Sampling: &lt;p&gt;Eight colonies of the coral &lt;em&gt;Psammocora digitata &lt;/em&gt;and&lt;em&gt; Pocillopora verrucosa &lt;/em&gt;were sampled from the offshore western barrier reef, Rebotel reef (7.248833° N, 134.235817° E) at 5–10 m depth, and from Nikko Bay (also known by Ngermid Bay, 7.3245° N, 134.4939° E) at 5 m depth. Samples were transported to the Palau International Coral Research Center (PICRC), and each colony sample was cut into nine replicate ramets that were placed in flow-through sea water tables and allowed to heal for 48 hours before mounting on labeled PVC tiles with marine epoxy (Splash zone compound A-788).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Temperature experiments were conducted in indoor aquarium systems. Each system used a semi-enclosed design that consisted of a series of 44 L plastic bins connected to a central 220 L sump that was supplied by a continuous slow-feed supply of fresh seawater. The control system (4 bins) was maintained at an average temperature of 28.27 ± 0.33°C by an in-line chiller and titanium heater. The heated system (6 bins) was ramped from 28°C to 31°C (1°C day&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) and held at 31.86 ±0.14°C by an in-line titanium heater. All bins were lighted to an irradiance of 600 μmol photons m&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt;s&lt;sup&gt;-1 &lt;/sup&gt;by LED lights set to daily ramping. On day zero and after 13 days of heating, one ramet colony&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; treatment&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; was sampled for the following biometric parameters: photosynthesis and respiration, algal symbiont density, chlorophyll a, animal protein. Algal DNA was also sampled at time zero.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;For photosynthesis and respiration, corals were placed in filtered seawater (0.45µm) in sealed acrylic chambers fitted with magnetic stir bars and fiber optic oxygen sensors. Chambers were held in temperature-controlled water baths to match the respective treatment temperature. Light was provided as above at constant intensity. After respiration measurements, coral tissue was removed by airbrush with filtered seawater (0.45µm), homogenized with a hand-held grinder, and coral homogenates were sampled for algal density and preserved in 0.3% glutaraldehyde. Animal and algal fractions were separated from each other in the remaining material by centrifugation. The resulting algal pellets were resuspended and sampled for chlorophyll a, and DNA. For chlorophyll a analyses, pellets were immediately frozen at -20°C until extracted in 100% methanol and read on a plate reader at 630, 664, and 750 nm.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Instruments:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;Seawater temperature was controlled by an in-line chiller and titanium heater DeltaStar DS-3, and Cygnet Mini (Aqualogic Inc.), and light was supplied to each experimental bin by a custom LED array (XP-G3 Cool White LEDs, Cree) controlled with a digital Storm Controller(Coralux).&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Water was continuously mixed in each bin by a small submersible pump (Sicce Micra, 90 GPH).&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Coral tissue was removed with an airbrush (Paasche VL-3AS) at 100 psi and homogenized with a hand-held homogenizer (Tissue tearor, Biospec Products, Inc).&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Coral homogenates were centrifuged in a clinical centrifuge (IEC)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Oxygen production and respiration was recorded with fiber-optic oxygen optodes (Pre-sens or FireSting).&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Algal cells were counted with a Neubauer hemocytometer on a light microscope (Fisher Scientific).&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Chlorophyll extractions and animal proteins were sampled for absorbance on a Fluostar Omega plate reader (BMG).&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Algal genomic DNA was extracted with a Wizard DNA purification kit (ProMega), and DNA sequencing was performed on using a BigDye Terminator 3.1 Cycle Sequencing Kit (ThermoFisher Scientific) at the at the Penn State University Genomics Core Facility.&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Coral skeletal surface area was quantified by 3D scanning with an HDI 120 scanner (LMI Tech Inc.).&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1719684 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1719684 Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1635695 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1635695 Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1636022 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1636022 completed Mark E. Warner University of Delaware 302-645-4365 School of Marine Science and Policy 700 Pilottown Rd. Lewes DE 19958 USA mwarner@udel.edu pointOfContact Dustin Kemp University of Alabama at Birmingham 205-934-1426 1720 Second Ave South Birmingham AL 35294 US dwk@uab.edu pointOfContact Todd Christopher LaJeunesse Pennsylvania State University 814-863-2038 208 Mueller Laboratory Department of Biology University Park PA 16802 USA tcl3@psu.edu pointOfContact asNeeded Dataset Version: 1 Unknown Location_Name Longitude Latitude Species LSID Date Day Symbiont Treatment Colony Cell_Density Chl_a Host_protein Gross_photosynthesis Respiration Photosynthesis_Respiration Neubauer hemocytometer fiber-optic oxygen optodes (Pre-sens or FireSting) Fluostar Omega plate reader (BMG) theme None, User defined region longitude latitude species scientific name (binomial) Life Science Identifier (LSID) date incubation time or duration treatment sample description density chlorophyll a weight photosynthetic rate respiration rate ratio featureType BCO-DMO Standard Parameters 3D scanner Hemocytometer Optode plate reader instrument BCO-DMO Standard Instruments otherRestrictions otherRestrictions Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use. Collaborative Research: Stability, flexibility, and functionality of thermally tolerant coral symbioses https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/708866 Collaborative Research: Stability, flexibility, and functionality of thermally tolerant coral symbioses <p>NSF abstract:</p> <p>All reef-building corals require large numbers of internal symbiotic microalgae (called Symbiodinium) for their survival and growth. These mutualisms have shown considerable sensitivity to changes in the environment in recent decades, especially due to global increases in ocean temperatures. When exposed to severe thermal stress, corals loose their symbionts and often die. However, recent experiments show that some symbionts may be more stress-tolerant. Corals with these heat-resistant symbionts continue to receive high amounts of algal derived nutrients and grow under elevated temperatures. If the global trend in seawater warming continues to increase, these heat-resistant symbioses may become more ecologically prevalent on reef systems around the world and could play a critical role in maintaining healthy and productive coral communities. This project will examine the ecological and physiological attributes of stress-tolerant symbioses from the Indo Pacific where coral communities are the largest, most diverse, and productive in the world. The researchers will conduct a series of experiments to (1) evaluate host and symbiont attributes that contribute to thermal tolerance and (2) characterize the relative flexibility and functionality of various corals and symbionts exposed to typical ambient and stressful temperatures. Broader impacts of the project include the training of several Ph.D. students, undergraduates, and high school students in the disciplines of physiology and ecology. The researchers will partner with Global Ocean Exploration, Inc. to communicate this research to the general public through short documentary videos, editorials, and podcasts. An interactive K-5 program, "Invertebrates on the Road," will introduce elementary students in Pennsylvania to marine invertebrate diversity. Research results will also be disseminated to the public at the University of Delaware via educational seminars, as well as through hands-on research displays and demonstrations presented at the annual open house "Coast Day" festival in each year of the project.</p> <p>This project will examine several attributes important to the functional ecology of coral-dinoflagellate symbioses. Specifically, the research team seeks to understand the interplay between coral and symbiont physiologies under different environmental conditions and determine the relative influence of biotic factors crucial to the performance of stress tolerant symbioses. Results from recent experiments on Indo-west Pacific corals found that Clade D (S. trenchii) symbionts are stress-tolerant. These symbionts are able to maintain function and provide nutrients to their hosts under high temperatures that typically elicit the breakdown of symbioses involving many other species of symbiont. A number of questions arise about how enhanced thermal tolerance symbioses may be aided by a combination of factors; for example: Are symbionts physiologically hardier in corals that are routinely feeding? Do host genotypes that are adapted to high temperatures affect the physiology of their symbionts in ways that make the partnership more stress-tolerant? A series of experiments over three years will examine the functionality of different coral-symbiont pairings exposed to ambient and high temperatures. Reciprocal transplants between inshore (stress-tolerant) and offshore (stress-susceptible) reef sites will be used to produce specific host-symbiont parings. Controlled experiments will test the relative importance of coral trophic status (nutrient content) while holding symbiont type constant and how changes in both coral trophic status and symbiont species identity of the resident affect thermal tolerance. Tank experiments on shore will track rates of photosynthesis as well as carbon translocation and assimilation from symbiont to host tissues and skeletons. Long-term growth rates via skeletal density, linear extension, and biomass gain will also be measured. This project will help elucidate how biochemical, physiological and ecological differences among host-symbiont pairings may respond to rising ocean temperatures and enhance the future viability of coral reefs.</p> Thermally tolerant coral largerWorkCitation project eng; USA oceans 134.235817 134.4939 7.248833 7.3245 2018-05-21 2018-06-03 Coral Reefs of Palau, Micronesia 0 BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Coral biometrics data from a heating experiment using samples collected from Nikko Bay and Rebotel Reef in Palau in the spring of 2018 Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/955645.rdf Name: Location_Name Units: unitless Description: <p>Location name</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/955646.rdf Name: Longitude Units: decimal degrees Description: <p>Sampling longitude, west is negative</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/955647.rdf Name: Latitude Units: decimal degrees Description: <p>Sampling latitude, south is negative</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/955648.rdf Name: Species Units: unitless Description: <p>Coral species tested. Psammacora digitata or Pocillopora verrucosa</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/955649.rdf Name: LSID Units: units Description: <p>Life Science Identifiers of tested coral species</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/955650.rdf Name: Date Units: unitless Description: <p>Sampling date</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/955651.rdf Name: Day Units: unitless Description: <p>Day of measurement from start of experiment (time zero)</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/955652.rdf Name: Symbiont Units: unitless Description: <p>Symbiotic dinoflagellate ID based on ITS2 nomenclature or formal genus and species (when known)</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/955653.rdf Name: Treatment Units: Degrees Celcius (°C) Description: <p>Control (=28 degrees Celsius) or Heated (=32 degrees Celsius)</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/955654.rdf Name: Colony Units: unitless Description: <p>Colony number (1–8 for each species)</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/955655.rdf Name: Cell_Density Units: number of cells per square centimeter of coral Description: <p>Number of algal cells normalized to surface area of coral skeletal area</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/955656.rdf Name: Chl_a Units: picograms chlorophyll a per algal cell Description: <p>Weight of chlorophyll a normalized to algal cell</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/955657.rdf Name: Host_protein Units: micrograms soluble protein per square centimeter of coral skeleton Description: <p>Weight of coral soluble protein normalized to coral skeletal area</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/955658.rdf Name: Gross_photosynthesis Units: micrograms of oxygen per algal cell per hour Description: <p>Gross oxygen production rate normalized to algal cell and time</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/955659.rdf Name: Respiration Units: milligrams oxygen per milligrams animal protein per hour Description: <p>Oxygen consumption rate normalized to coral soluble protein and time</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/955660.rdf Name: Photosynthesis_Respiration Units: unitless Description: <p>Ratio based on rates of oxygen produced and consumed of whole coral fragment</p> GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact 12947 https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/beeb69cc-a839-4aa6-9c9e-5742010133d9/content download https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.855036.1 download onLine dataset &lt;p&gt;Eight colonies of the coral &lt;em&gt;Psammocora digitata &lt;/em&gt;and&lt;em&gt; Pocillopora verrucosa &lt;/em&gt;were sampled from the offshore western barrier reef, Rebotel reef (7.248833° N, 134.235817° E) at 5–10 m depth, and from Nikko Bay (also known by Ngermid Bay, 7.3245° N, 134.4939° E) at 5 m depth. Samples were transported to the Palau International Coral Research Center (PICRC), and each colony sample was cut into nine replicate ramets that were placed in flow-through sea water tables and allowed to heal for 48 hours before mounting on labeled PVC tiles with marine epoxy (Splash zone compound A-788).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Temperature experiments were conducted in indoor aquarium systems. Each system used a semi-enclosed design that consisted of a series of 44 L plastic bins connected to a central 220 L sump that was supplied by a continuous slow-feed supply of fresh seawater. The control system (4 bins) was maintained at an average temperature of 28.27 ± 0.33°C by an in-line chiller and titanium heater. The heated system (6 bins) was ramped from 28°C to 31°C (1°C day&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) and held at 31.86 ±0.14°C by an in-line titanium heater. All bins were lighted to an irradiance of 600 μmol photons m&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt;s&lt;sup&gt;-1 &lt;/sup&gt;by LED lights set to daily ramping. On day zero and after 13 days of heating, one ramet colony&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; treatment&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; was sampled for the following biometric parameters: photosynthesis and respiration, algal symbiont density, chlorophyll a, animal protein. Algal DNA was also sampled at time zero.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;For photosynthesis and respiration, corals were placed in filtered seawater (0.45µm) in sealed acrylic chambers fitted with magnetic stir bars and fiber optic oxygen sensors. Chambers were held in temperature-controlled water baths to match the respective treatment temperature. Light was provided as above at constant intensity. After respiration measurements, coral tissue was removed by airbrush with filtered seawater (0.45µm), homogenized with a hand-held grinder, and coral homogenates were sampled for algal density and preserved in 0.3% glutaraldehyde. Animal and algal fractions were separated from each other in the remaining material by centrifugation. The resulting algal pellets were resuspended and sampled for chlorophyll a, and DNA. For chlorophyll a analyses, pellets were immediately frozen at -20°C until extracted in 100% methanol and read on a plate reader at 630, 664, and 750 nm.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Instruments:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;Seawater temperature was controlled by an in-line chiller and titanium heater DeltaStar DS-3, and Cygnet Mini (Aqualogic Inc.), and light was supplied to each experimental bin by a custom LED array (XP-G3 Cool White LEDs, Cree) controlled with a digital Storm Controller(Coralux).&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Water was continuously mixed in each bin by a small submersible pump (Sicce Micra, 90 GPH).&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Coral tissue was removed with an airbrush (Paasche VL-3AS) at 100 psi and homogenized with a hand-held homogenizer (Tissue tearor, Biospec Products, Inc).&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Coral homogenates were centrifuged in a clinical centrifuge (IEC)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Oxygen production and respiration was recorded with fiber-optic oxygen optodes (Pre-sens or FireSting).&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Algal cells were counted with a Neubauer hemocytometer on a light microscope (Fisher Scientific).&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Chlorophyll extractions and animal proteins were sampled for absorbance on a Fluostar Omega plate reader (BMG).&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Algal genomic DNA was extracted with a Wizard DNA purification kit (ProMega), and DNA sequencing was performed on using a BigDye Terminator 3.1 Cycle Sequencing Kit (ThermoFisher Scientific) at the at the Penn State University Genomics Core Facility.&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Coral skeletal surface area was quantified by 3D scanning with an HDI 120 scanner (LMI Tech Inc.).&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; Specified by the Principal Investigator(s) &lt;p&gt;Measured variables were typically normalized to either coral skeletal surface area or algal cell number (detailed in data Parameters description).&lt;/p&gt; Specified by the Principal Investigator(s) * Added LSID of species to the dataset * Converted species name to full scientific name Specified by BCO-DMO Data Managers asNeeded 7.x-1.1 Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact PI Supplied Instrument Name: Instrument Name: 3D scanner Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: A 3D scan captures digital information about the shape of an object with equipment that uses a laser or light to measure the distance between the scanner and the object. Neubauer hemocytometer Neubauer hemocytometer PI Supplied Instrument Name: Neubauer hemocytometer PI Supplied Instrument Description:Algal cells were counted with a Neubauer hemocytometer on a light microscope (Fisher Scientific). Instrument Name: Hemocytometer Instrument Short Name:Hemocytometer Instrument Description: A hemocytometer is a small glass chamber, resembling a thick microscope slide, used for determining the number of cells per unit volume of a suspension. Originally used for performing blood cell counts, a hemocytometer can be used to count a variety of cell types in the laboratory. Also spelled as "haemocytometer". Description from: http://hlsweb.dmu.ac.uk/ahs/elearning/RITA/Haem1/Haem1.html. fiber-optic oxygen optodes (Pre-sens or FireSting) fiber-optic oxygen optodes (Pre-sens or FireSting) PI Supplied Instrument Name: fiber-optic oxygen optodes (Pre-sens or FireSting) PI Supplied Instrument Description:Oxygen production and respiration was recorded with fiber-optic oxygen optodes (Pre-sens or FireSting). Instrument Name: Optode Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: An optode or optrode is an optical sensor device that optically measures a specific substance usually with the aid of a chemical transducer. Fluostar Omega plate reader (BMG) Fluostar Omega plate reader (BMG) PI Supplied Instrument Name: Fluostar Omega plate reader (BMG) PI Supplied Instrument Description:Chlorophyll extractions and animal proteins were sampled for absorbance on a Fluostar Omega plate reader (BMG). Instrument Name: plate reader Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: Plate readers (also known as microplate readers) are laboratory instruments designed to detect biological, chemical or physical events of samples in microtiter plates. They are widely used in research, drug discovery, bioassay validation, quality control and manufacturing processes in the pharmaceutical and biotechnological industry and academic organizations. Sample reactions can be assayed in 6-1536 well format microtiter plates. The most common microplate format used in academic research laboratories or clinical diagnostic laboratories is 96-well (8 by 12 matrix) with a typical reaction volume between 100 and 200 uL per well. Higher density microplates (384- or 1536-well microplates) are typically used for screening applications, when throughput (number of samples per day processed) and assay cost per sample become critical parameters, with a typical assay volume between 5 and 50 µL per well. Common detection modes for microplate assays are absorbance, fluorescence intensity, luminescence, time-resolved fluorescence, and fluorescence polarization. From: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plate_reader, 2014-09-0-23.