http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/856009
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2021-07-16
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Trace metals, hydrography, and fluorescence from CTD casts on the RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer (cruise NBP1704) in the Ross Sea, Antarctica from April to May 2017
2021-07-22
publication
2021-07-22
revision
Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA)
2021-09-08
publication
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.856009.1
Peter N. Sedwick
Old Dominion University
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Sedwick, P. N. (2021) Trace metals, hydrography, and fluorescence from CTD casts on the RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer (cruise NBP1704) in the Ross Sea, Antarctica from April to May 2017. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2021-07-22 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.856009.1 [access date]
Bottle data from trace-metal CTD casts Dataset Description: Methods and Sampling: <p><strong>Water-column sample collection and in-situ measurements</strong>: Water-column samples for analysis of trace elements (dissolved, soluble and particulate), and continuous profiles of temperature, salinity, chlorophyll fluorescence and dissolved oxygen concentration were collected using a trace-metal clean conductivity-temperature-depth sensor (SBE 19 plus, SeaBird Electronics) mounted on a custom-built trace-metal clean carousel (SeaBird Electronics) fitted with custom-modified 5-L Teflon-lined external-closure Niskin-X samplers (General Oceanics), deployed using a non-metallic line with polymer jacket.</p>
<p><strong>Shipboard processing of water-column samples</strong><strong>:</strong> Upon recovery, the Niskin-X samplers were transferred into a shipboard Class-100 clean laboratory container, where seawater was filtered through pre-rinsed 0.2-micrometer (µm) pore AcroPak Supor filter capsules (Pall) into acid-cleaned 125 milliliter (mL) low-density polyethylene (LDPE) bottles (Nalgene) for shore-based dissolved trace element determinations, and, for selected samples, into acid-cleaned 60 mL LDPE bottles (Nalgene) for subsequent ultrafiltration through acid-rinsed 0.02 µm Anotop syringe filters (Whatman) following Ussher et al. (2010) for shore-based soluble trace element determinations. While drawing samples, the Niskin-X samplers were pressurized using 0.2 µm-filtered ultra-high purity compressed nitrogen gas. All samples used for dissolved- and soluble trace element determinations were acidified at sea to pH ~1.8 with ultrapure hydrochloric acid (Fisher Optima grade) then stored at room temperature until post-cruise analysis at Old Dominion University. In addition, from selected samples, a pre-cleaned perfluoroalkoxy alkane (PFA) cylindrical reservoir (Savillex) was filled with approximately 1.8 liters (L) of unfiltered seawater, which was passed through sequential 2 µm- and 0.2 µm-pore acid-cleaned 47-mm diameter polycarbonate membrane filters (Poretics) mounted in an in-line PFA filter holder (Savillex) using overpressure from 0.2 µm-filtered compressed air. The filters were then rinsed with 200 mL of ultrapure deionized water (Barnstead Nanopure) that had been adjusted to pH 8 with ultrapure ammonium hydroxide solution (Fisher Optima grade), placed in pre-cleaned polystyrene Petri dishes (Fisher), then air-dried under a Class-100 clean-air bench. The dried filters were stored in the sealed Petri dishes inside a desiccator at room temperature until post-cruise analysis at the NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory.</p>
<p><strong>Determination of DFe, sFe, DMn, sMn, DNi, DCu, DZn</strong>: Concentrations of these dissolved and soluble transition metals were measured in 0.2 µm-filtered (dissolved fraction) or 0.02 µm-filtered (soluble fraction) acidified seawater samples using a sector-field inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific ElementXR) with an in-line separation-preconcentration system (Elemental Scientific SeaFAST SP3), following a modification of the method of Lagerström et al. (2013). Calibration standards were prepared in low-analyte concentration seawater, for which initial concentrations were determined using the method of standard additions, and were introduced using the same in-line separation-preconcentration procedure as the seawater samples. Scandium was used as an internal standard. Analyses were performed on a volumetric basis, so concentrations are reported in units of nanomole per liter (nM). Analytical blank concentrations were assessed by applying the in-line separation-preconcentration procedure including all reagents except loading air in place of the seawater sample ("air blank"), with the following mean blank concentrations: 0.002 nM DFe, &lt;0.001 nM DMn, 0.003 nM DNi, 0.001 nM DCu, 0.001 nM DZn. Limits of detection were defined as the concentration equivalent to 3 times the standard deviation on the mean blank (n = 12), as follows: 0.042 nM DFe and sFe, 0.003 nM DMn and sMn, 0.021 nM DNi, 0.006 nM DCu, and 0.018 nM DZn. Estimated analytical precision, expressed as percent relative standard deviation on the mean (%RSD), is the average value of the %RSD obtained for replicate (separate-day) analyses of 58 different samples, as follows: 8.0% for DFe and sFe, 1.8% for DMn and sMn, 3.0% for DNi, 2.5% for DCu, and 5.8% for DZn. In terms of external consistency, we obtained the following mean concentrations for the GEOTRACES GSP seawater consensus material: 0.187 ± 0.037 nM DFe (n = 17; consensus value 0.155 ± 0.045 nM), 0.789 ± 0.016 nM DMn (n = 19; consensus value 0.778 ± 0.034 nM), 2.59 ±0.08 nM DNi (n = 19, consensus value 2.60 ± 0.10 nM), 0.581 ± 0.015 nM DCu (n = 19; consensus value 0.574 ± 0.053 nM), and 0.015 ± 0.003 nM DZn (n = 3; consensus value 0.030 ± 0.052 nM). Our reported GSP DZn concentration is for measurements in aliquots from a freshly-opened bottle of this consensus material; two other bottles yielded much higher concentrations and are therefore assumed to be contaminated.</p>
<p><strong>Determination of pFe-large, pFe-small, pMn-large, pMn-small, pAl-large, pAl-small</strong>: The concentrations of Fe, Mn, and Al in suspended particles separated on 2 µm- and 0.2 µm-pore membrane filters (defined as large- and small-particulate fractions, respectively) were measured using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF), following the method of Buck et al. (2021). ED-XRF analysis was conducted under a vacuum atmosphere using thin-film principles on a Thermo Fisher Scientific Quant’X equipped with a rhodium target X-ray tube and an electronically-cooled, lithium-drifted solid-state detector. X-rays for primary sample excitation were passed through graphite and metal filters for optimum control of peak-to-background ratios, using the excitation conditions described by Buck et al. (2021). Four separate quality assurance/quality control procedures were conducted: (1) daily energy adjustment was performed for an energy channel alignment of the Quant’X; (2) weekly calibration verification using a series of multi-element samples; (3) weekly analysis of the NIST 2783 standard reference material; and (4) monthly analysis of 10 acid-washed filter blanks. Calibrations were performed using commercially available thin-film standards (MicroMatter Inc.), as well as low-concentration standards for pFe and pMn (&lt;1000 nanograms per square centimeter (ng cm<sup>-2</sup>)) that were prepared as described by Buck et al. (2021). Field blanks, for which acid-cleaned 0.2 µm- and 2 µm-pore polycarbonate membranes were mounted in the filtration assembly, rinsed with 200 mL of pH 8 ammonium hydroxide solution, then air-dried and stored as for the samples, yielded the following measured blank concentrations that were subtracted from corresponding sample values: 4.5/5.1 ng cm<sup>-2</sup>&nbsp;for Fe (0.2 µm/2 µm), below the minimum detection limit for Mn (0.2 µm/2 µm), and 11.78/11.77 ng cm<sup>-2</sup> for Al (0.2 µm/2 µm). The minimum detection limit (MDL) for individual elements using ED-XRF is defined as 3 times the square root of the background intensity measured from a standard of known concentration (Bertin, 2012; Buck et al., 2021), which yields the following MLD values: 0.95 ng cm<sup>-2</sup> Fe (equivalent to ~0.13 nM pFe), 1.27 ng cm<sup>-2</sup> Mn (equivalent to ~0.18 nM pMn), and 9.4 ng cm<sup>-2</sup> Al (equivalent to ~2.8 nM pAl). Analytical precision and accuracy of the ED-XRF method were assessed from analyses of the NIST-2783 standard reference material (air particulate on filter media). Mean recoveries ± one standard deviation for individual elements in NIST-2783 by ED-XRF were 108% ± 2.6% for Fe, 104% ± 2.5% for Mn, and 92% ± 3.5% for Al (n = 320).</p>
<p><strong>Temperature</strong>: In-situ temperature was measured using a conductivity-temperature-depth sensor (SBE 19 plus, SeaBird Scientific), with data processed using the SBE Data Processing software.</p>
<p><strong>Salinity</strong>: Salinity was calculated from in-situ conductivity, as measured using a conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) sensor (SBE 19 plus, SeaBird Electronics), with data processed using the SBE Data Processing software.</p>
<p><strong>Fluorescence</strong>: In-situ chlorophyll fluorescence was measured using a WET Labs ECO-FL(RT)D deep chlorophyll fluorometer with 125 micrograms per liter (μg L<sup>-1</sup>) range mounted on the CTD rosette, with data processed using the SBE Data Processing software.</p>
<p><strong>Dissolved Oxygen</strong>: In-situ dissolved oxygen concentration was measured using an SBE 43 Dissolved Oxygen Sensor mounted on the CTD rosette, with data processed using the SBE Data Processing software.</p>
Funding provided by NSF Office of Polar Programs (formerly NSF PLR) (NSF OPP) Award Number: ANT-1543483 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1543483
completed
Peter N. Sedwick
Old Dominion University
757-683-4936
Ocean, Earth & Atmospheric Sciences 4600 Elkhorn Ave.
Norfolk
VA
23529
USA
psedwick@odu.edu
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: 1
Unknown
Station
Sample_ID
Depth
Latitude
Longitude
Date
Bottom_Depth
DFe
DFe_Flag
sFe
sFe_Flag
pFe_large
pFe_small
DMn
DMn_Flag
sMn
sMn_Flag
pMn_large
pMn_small
pAl_large
pAl_small
DNi
DNi_Flag
DCu
DCu_Flag
DZn
DZn_Flag
Temperature
Salinity
Fluor
Sigma_Theta
Oxygen
Oxygen_Flag
SBE 19 plus, SeaBird Scientific
Fluorometer (in-situ chlorophyll fluorescence) WET Labs ECO-FL(RT)D deep chlorophyll fluorometer
ElementXR (Thermo Fisher Scientific), with SeaFAST SP3 in-line separation-preconcentration system and autosampler (Elemental Scientific)
Niskin-X samplers (General Oceanics)
SBE 43 dissolved oxygen sensor, SeaBird Scientific
in-line separation-preconcentration system (Elemental Scientific SeaFAST SP3)
Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer Quant’X (Thermo Fisher Scientific)
theme
None, User defined
station
sample identification
depth
latitude
longitude
date
depth_bottom
Iron
quality flag
Manganese
Aluminum
Nickel
Copper
Zinc
water temperature at measurement depth
salinity from CTD
fluorescence
sigma-theta
dissolved Oxygen
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
CTD Sea-Bird
Fluorometer
Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer
Niskin bottle
Sea-Bird SBE 43 Dissolved Oxygen Sensor
SeaFAST Automated Preconcentration System
Spectrometer
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
NBP1704
service
Deployment Activity
Ross Sea, Antarctica (ca. 66°S-78°S, 165°E-175°W)
place
Locations
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
Impact of Convective Processes and Sea Ice Formation on the Distribution of Iron in the Ross Sea: Closing the Seasonal Cycle
https://www.usap-dc.org/view/project/p0010032
Impact of Convective Processes and Sea Ice Formation on the Distribution of Iron in the Ross Sea: Closing the Seasonal Cycle
<p>NSF Award Abstract</p>
<p>The waters of the Ross Sea continental shelf are among the most productive in the Southern Ocean, and likely comprise a significant oceanic sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide. In this region, primary production can be limited by the supply of dissolved iron to surface waters during the growing season.<br />
A range of biogeochemical measurements and activities are to be carried out in the late summer-autumnal- early winter time frame in the Ross Sea in order to better understand phytoplankton dynamics, along with carbon export. These biogeochemical parameters include elements such as Fe, C and S believed to be important to Antarctic ecosystems. As well as there being interest in the functioning of the Ross Sea ecosystem leading up to the impending polar night, there is also uncertainty as to what drives the biogeochemical redistribution undergone by micronutrient Fe species during the extensive sea-ice formation at this time of year.</p>
<p>The field setting and remote conditions that accompany the proposed study present several possibilities for STEM education and training at the K-12, undergraduate and graduate levels, as well as for public outreach. At the K-12 level, the project seeks to support the development of educational outreach materials targeting elementary and middle school students,<br />
pre-service science teachers, and in-service science teachers.</p>
PIPERS
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
oceans
Ross Sea, Antarctica (ca. 66°S-78°S, 165°E-175°W)
178.861
-179.956
-77.715
-71.128
2017-04-23
2017-05-28
Ross Sea, Antarctica (ca. 66°S-78°S, 165°E-175°W)
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Trace metals, hydrography, and fluorescence from CTD casts on the RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer (cruise NBP1704) in the Ross Sea, Antarctica from April to May 2017
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/856056.rdf
Name: Station
Units: unitless
Description: <p>PIPERS cruise station number</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/856057.rdf
Name: Sample_ID
Units: unitless
Description: <p>unique identifier for each water sample</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/856058.rdf
Name: Depth
Units: meters
Description: <p>sample collection depth (below surface)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/856059.rdf
Name: Latitude
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>latitude of CTD recovery in decimal degrees North</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/856060.rdf
Name: Longitude
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>longitude of CTD recovery in decimal degrees East (West is negative)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/856061.rdf
Name: Date
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Date of CTD recovery in ISO8601 format (YYYY-MM-DD)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/856062.rdf
Name: Bottom_Depth
Units: meters
Description: <p>approximate seafloor depth</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/856063.rdf
Name: DFe
Units: nanomole per liter
Description: <p>dissolved Fe (<0.2 µm) concentration</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/856064.rdf
Name: DFe_Flag
Units: unitless
Description: <p>data quality flag that applies to DFe (Refer to Processing Description for flag definitions)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/856065.rdf
Name: sFe
Units: nanomole per liter
Description: <p>soluble Fe (<0.02 µm) concentration</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/856066.rdf
Name: sFe_Flag
Units: unitless
Description: <p>data quality flag that applies to sFe (Refer to Processing Description for flag definitions)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/856067.rdf
Name: pFe_large
Units: nanomole per liter
Description: <p>>2 µm particulate Fe concentration</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/856068.rdf
Name: pFe_small
Units: nanomole per liter
Description: <p>0.2-2 µm particulate Fe concentration</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/856069.rdf
Name: DMn
Units: nanomole per liter
Description: <p>dissolved Mn (<0.2 µm) concentration</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/856070.rdf
Name: DMn_Flag
Units: unitless
Description: <p>data quality flag that applies to DMn (Refer to Processing Description for flag definitions)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/856071.rdf
Name: sMn
Units: nanomole per liter
Description: <p>soluble Mn (<0.02 µm) concentration</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/856072.rdf
Name: sMn_Flag
Units: unitless
Description: <p>data quality flag that applies to sMn (Refer to Processing Description for flag definitions)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/856073.rdf
Name: pMn_large
Units: nanomole per liter
Description: <p>>2 µm particulate Mn concentration</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/856074.rdf
Name: pMn_small
Units: nanomole per liter
Description: <p>0.2-2 µm particulate Mn concentration</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/856075.rdf
Name: pAl_large
Units: nanomole per liter
Description: <p>>2 µm particulate Al concentration</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/856076.rdf
Name: pAl_small
Units: nanomole per liter
Description: <p>0.2-2 µm particulate Al concentration</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/856077.rdf
Name: DNi
Units: nanomole per liter
Description: <p>dissolved Ni (<0.2 µm) concentration</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/856078.rdf
Name: DNi_Flag
Units: unitless
Description: <p>data quality flag that applies to DNi (Refer to Processing Description for flag definitions)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/856079.rdf
Name: DCu
Units: nanomole per liter
Description: <p>dissolved Cu (<0.2 µm) concentration</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/856080.rdf
Name: DCu_Flag
Units: unitless
Description: <p>data quality flag that applies to DCu (Refer to Processing Description for flag definitions)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/856081.rdf
Name: DZn
Units: nanomole per liter
Description: <p>dissolved Zn (<0.2 µm) concentration</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/856082.rdf
Name: DZn_Flag
Units: unitless
Description: <p>data quality flag that applies to DZn (Refer to Processing Description for flag definitions)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/856083.rdf
Name: Temperature
Units: degrees celsius
Description: <p>in-situ temperature from CTD</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/856084.rdf
Name: Salinity
Units: unitless
Description: <p>salinity calculated from CTD conductivity</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/856085.rdf
Name: Fluor
Units: milligrams per cubic meter (mg m-3)
Description: <p>in-situ chlorophyll fluorescence (uncalib)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/856086.rdf
Name: Sigma_Theta
Units: unitless
Description: <p>density calculated as sigma-theta</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/856087.rdf
Name: Oxygen
Units: micromole per kilogram
Description: <p>in-situ dissolved oxygen from CTD</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/856088.rdf
Name: Oxygen_Flag
Units: unitless
Description: <p>data quality flag that applies to Oxygen (Refer to Processing Description for flag definitions)</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
44164
https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/bitstream/1912/27536/1/dataset-856009_bottle-data-trace-metal-ctd-casts__v1.tsv
download
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.856009.1
download
onLine
dataset
<p><strong>Water-column sample collection and in-situ measurements</strong>: Water-column samples for analysis of trace elements (dissolved, soluble and particulate), and continuous profiles of temperature, salinity, chlorophyll fluorescence and dissolved oxygen concentration were collected using a trace-metal clean conductivity-temperature-depth sensor (SBE 19 plus, SeaBird Electronics) mounted on a custom-built trace-metal clean carousel (SeaBird Electronics) fitted with custom-modified 5-L Teflon-lined external-closure Niskin-X samplers (General Oceanics), deployed using a non-metallic line with polymer jacket.</p>
<p><strong>Shipboard processing of water-column samples</strong><strong>:</strong> Upon recovery, the Niskin-X samplers were transferred into a shipboard Class-100 clean laboratory container, where seawater was filtered through pre-rinsed 0.2-micrometer (µm) pore AcroPak Supor filter capsules (Pall) into acid-cleaned 125 milliliter (mL) low-density polyethylene (LDPE) bottles (Nalgene) for shore-based dissolved trace element determinations, and, for selected samples, into acid-cleaned 60 mL LDPE bottles (Nalgene) for subsequent ultrafiltration through acid-rinsed 0.02 µm Anotop syringe filters (Whatman) following Ussher et al. (2010) for shore-based soluble trace element determinations. While drawing samples, the Niskin-X samplers were pressurized using 0.2 µm-filtered ultra-high purity compressed nitrogen gas. All samples used for dissolved- and soluble trace element determinations were acidified at sea to pH ~1.8 with ultrapure hydrochloric acid (Fisher Optima grade) then stored at room temperature until post-cruise analysis at Old Dominion University. In addition, from selected samples, a pre-cleaned perfluoroalkoxy alkane (PFA) cylindrical reservoir (Savillex) was filled with approximately 1.8 liters (L) of unfiltered seawater, which was passed through sequential 2 µm- and 0.2 µm-pore acid-cleaned 47-mm diameter polycarbonate membrane filters (Poretics) mounted in an in-line PFA filter holder (Savillex) using overpressure from 0.2 µm-filtered compressed air. The filters were then rinsed with 200 mL of ultrapure deionized water (Barnstead Nanopure) that had been adjusted to pH 8 with ultrapure ammonium hydroxide solution (Fisher Optima grade), placed in pre-cleaned polystyrene Petri dishes (Fisher), then air-dried under a Class-100 clean-air bench. The dried filters were stored in the sealed Petri dishes inside a desiccator at room temperature until post-cruise analysis at the NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory.</p>
<p><strong>Determination of DFe, sFe, DMn, sMn, DNi, DCu, DZn</strong>: Concentrations of these dissolved and soluble transition metals were measured in 0.2 µm-filtered (dissolved fraction) or 0.02 µm-filtered (soluble fraction) acidified seawater samples using a sector-field inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific ElementXR) with an in-line separation-preconcentration system (Elemental Scientific SeaFAST SP3), following a modification of the method of Lagerström et al. (2013). Calibration standards were prepared in low-analyte concentration seawater, for which initial concentrations were determined using the method of standard additions, and were introduced using the same in-line separation-preconcentration procedure as the seawater samples. Scandium was used as an internal standard. Analyses were performed on a volumetric basis, so concentrations are reported in units of nanomole per liter (nM). Analytical blank concentrations were assessed by applying the in-line separation-preconcentration procedure including all reagents except loading air in place of the seawater sample ("air blank"), with the following mean blank concentrations: 0.002 nM DFe, &lt;0.001 nM DMn, 0.003 nM DNi, 0.001 nM DCu, 0.001 nM DZn. Limits of detection were defined as the concentration equivalent to 3 times the standard deviation on the mean blank (n = 12), as follows: 0.042 nM DFe and sFe, 0.003 nM DMn and sMn, 0.021 nM DNi, 0.006 nM DCu, and 0.018 nM DZn. Estimated analytical precision, expressed as percent relative standard deviation on the mean (%RSD), is the average value of the %RSD obtained for replicate (separate-day) analyses of 58 different samples, as follows: 8.0% for DFe and sFe, 1.8% for DMn and sMn, 3.0% for DNi, 2.5% for DCu, and 5.8% for DZn. In terms of external consistency, we obtained the following mean concentrations for the GEOTRACES GSP seawater consensus material: 0.187 ± 0.037 nM DFe (n = 17; consensus value 0.155 ± 0.045 nM), 0.789 ± 0.016 nM DMn (n = 19; consensus value 0.778 ± 0.034 nM), 2.59 ±0.08 nM DNi (n = 19, consensus value 2.60 ± 0.10 nM), 0.581 ± 0.015 nM DCu (n = 19; consensus value 0.574 ± 0.053 nM), and 0.015 ± 0.003 nM DZn (n = 3; consensus value 0.030 ± 0.052 nM). Our reported GSP DZn concentration is for measurements in aliquots from a freshly-opened bottle of this consensus material; two other bottles yielded much higher concentrations and are therefore assumed to be contaminated.</p>
<p><strong>Determination of pFe-large, pFe-small, pMn-large, pMn-small, pAl-large, pAl-small</strong>: The concentrations of Fe, Mn, and Al in suspended particles separated on 2 µm- and 0.2 µm-pore membrane filters (defined as large- and small-particulate fractions, respectively) were measured using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF), following the method of Buck et al. (2021). ED-XRF analysis was conducted under a vacuum atmosphere using thin-film principles on a Thermo Fisher Scientific Quant’X equipped with a rhodium target X-ray tube and an electronically-cooled, lithium-drifted solid-state detector. X-rays for primary sample excitation were passed through graphite and metal filters for optimum control of peak-to-background ratios, using the excitation conditions described by Buck et al. (2021). Four separate quality assurance/quality control procedures were conducted: (1) daily energy adjustment was performed for an energy channel alignment of the Quant’X; (2) weekly calibration verification using a series of multi-element samples; (3) weekly analysis of the NIST 2783 standard reference material; and (4) monthly analysis of 10 acid-washed filter blanks. Calibrations were performed using commercially available thin-film standards (MicroMatter Inc.), as well as low-concentration standards for pFe and pMn (&lt;1000 nanograms per square centimeter (ng cm<sup>-2</sup>)) that were prepared as described by Buck et al. (2021). Field blanks, for which acid-cleaned 0.2 µm- and 2 µm-pore polycarbonate membranes were mounted in the filtration assembly, rinsed with 200 mL of pH 8 ammonium hydroxide solution, then air-dried and stored as for the samples, yielded the following measured blank concentrations that were subtracted from corresponding sample values: 4.5/5.1 ng cm<sup>-2</sup>&nbsp;for Fe (0.2 µm/2 µm), below the minimum detection limit for Mn (0.2 µm/2 µm), and 11.78/11.77 ng cm<sup>-2</sup> for Al (0.2 µm/2 µm). The minimum detection limit (MDL) for individual elements using ED-XRF is defined as 3 times the square root of the background intensity measured from a standard of known concentration (Bertin, 2012; Buck et al., 2021), which yields the following MLD values: 0.95 ng cm<sup>-2</sup> Fe (equivalent to ~0.13 nM pFe), 1.27 ng cm<sup>-2</sup> Mn (equivalent to ~0.18 nM pMn), and 9.4 ng cm<sup>-2</sup> Al (equivalent to ~2.8 nM pAl). Analytical precision and accuracy of the ED-XRF method were assessed from analyses of the NIST-2783 standard reference material (air particulate on filter media). Mean recoveries ± one standard deviation for individual elements in NIST-2783 by ED-XRF were 108% ± 2.6% for Fe, 104% ± 2.5% for Mn, and 92% ± 3.5% for Al (n = 320).</p>
<p><strong>Temperature</strong>: In-situ temperature was measured using a conductivity-temperature-depth sensor (SBE 19 plus, SeaBird Scientific), with data processed using the SBE Data Processing software.</p>
<p><strong>Salinity</strong>: Salinity was calculated from in-situ conductivity, as measured using a conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) sensor (SBE 19 plus, SeaBird Electronics), with data processed using the SBE Data Processing software.</p>
<p><strong>Fluorescence</strong>: In-situ chlorophyll fluorescence was measured using a WET Labs ECO-FL(RT)D deep chlorophyll fluorometer with 125 micrograms per liter (μg L<sup>-1</sup>) range mounted on the CTD rosette, with data processed using the SBE Data Processing software.</p>
<p><strong>Dissolved Oxygen</strong>: In-situ dissolved oxygen concentration was measured using an SBE 43 Dissolved Oxygen Sensor mounted on the CTD rosette, with data processed using the SBE Data Processing software.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
<p><strong>Inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometer</strong>: Instrumental data were collected using ElementXR processing software (Thermo Fisher Scientific), and post-analysis calculations were performed using Microsoft Excel.</p>
<p><strong>Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer</strong>: Instrumental data were processed using Quant’X processing software (Thermo Fisher Scientific), and post-analysis calculations were performed using Microsoft Excel.</p>
<p><strong>CTD sensors</strong>: Primary and derived data from the CTD sensors (temperature, conductivity, depth, in-situ chlorophyll fluorescence, dissolved oxygen) were processed using using the SBE Data Processing software (SeaBird Scientific).</p>
<p><strong>Known problems:&nbsp;</strong>The measured values from the dissolved oxygen concentration sensor were systematically low compared to sensor measurements from a conventional CTD (verified by discrete bottle sample measurements), and are not considered to be quantitatively reliable. We suspect that the sensor membrane was damaged due to exposure to sub-freezing temperatures during deployment and recovery.</p>
<p><strong>Data quality flags were assigned&nbsp;as follows:</strong><br />
1 = good;<br />
2 = good; an average of at least two determinations on different days;<br />
3 = possibly contaminated; determination anomalously high;<br />
4 = sample signal outside the range of calibration standards;<br />
5 = values were systematically low compared to sensor measurements from conventional CTD, and are therefore not considered to be quantitatively reliable.</p>
<p><strong>"BDL"</strong> is used to indicate values that are below detection limits. See Methods &amp; Sampling section for detection limits.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
- Converted dates to ISO date format (yyyy-mm-dd)
- Adjusted field/parameter names to comply with BCO-DMO naming conventions
- Missing data identifier "ND" (not determined) replaced with 'nd' (BCO-DMO's default missing data identifier)
- Added a conventional header with dataset name, PI names, version date
Specified by BCO-DMO Data Managers
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
SBE 19 plus, SeaBird Scientific
SBE 19 plus, SeaBird Scientific
PI Supplied Instrument Name: SBE 19 plus, SeaBird Scientific PI Supplied Instrument Description:Calibrated prior to the cruise by SeaBird Scientific Instrument Name: CTD Sea-Bird Instrument Short Name:CTD Sea-Bird Instrument Description: A Conductivity, Temperature, Depth (CTD) sensor package from SeaBird Electronics. This instrument designation is used when specific make and model are not known or when a more specific term is not available in the BCO-DMO vocabulary. Refer to the dataset-specific metadata for more information about the specific CTD used. More information from: http://www.seabird.com/ Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/130/
Fluorometer (in-situ chlorophyll fluorescence) WET Labs ECO-FL(RT)D deep chlorophyll fluorometer
Fluorometer (in-situ chlorophyll fluorescence) WET Labs ECO-FL(RT)D deep chlorophyll fluorometer
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Fluorometer (in-situ chlorophyll fluorescence) WET Labs ECO-FL(RT)D deep chlorophyll fluorometer PI Supplied Instrument Description:Calibrated prior to the cruise by SeaBird Scientific Instrument Name: Fluorometer Instrument Short Name:Fluorometer Instrument Description: A fluorometer or fluorimeter is a device used to measure parameters of fluorescence: its intensity and wavelength distribution of emission spectrum after excitation by a certain spectrum of light. The instrument is designed to measure the amount of stimulated electromagnetic radiation produced by pulses of electromagnetic radiation emitted into a water sample or in situ. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/113/
ElementXR (Thermo Fisher Scientific), with SeaFAST SP3 in-line separation-preconcentration system and autosampler (Elemental Scientific)
ElementXR (Thermo Fisher Scientific), with SeaFAST SP3 in-line separation-preconcentration system and autosampler (Elemental Scientific)
PI Supplied Instrument Name: ElementXR (Thermo Fisher Scientific), with SeaFAST SP3 in-line separation-preconcentration system and autosampler (Elemental Scientific) Instrument Name: Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer Instrument Short Name:ICP Mass Spec Instrument Description: An ICP Mass Spec is an instrument that passes nebulized samples into an inductively-coupled gas plasma (8-10000 K) where they are atomized and ionized. Ions of specific mass-to-charge ratios are quantified in a quadrupole mass spectrometer. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB15/
Niskin-X samplers (General Oceanics)
Niskin-X samplers (General Oceanics)
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Niskin-X samplers (General Oceanics) Instrument Name: Niskin bottle Instrument Short Name:Niskin bottle Instrument Description: A Niskin bottle (a next generation water sampler based on the Nansen bottle) is a cylindrical, non-metallic water collection device with stoppers at both ends. The bottles can be attached individually on a hydrowire or deployed in 12, 24, or 36 bottle Rosette systems mounted on a frame and combined with a CTD. Niskin bottles are used to collect discrete water samples for a range of measurements including pigments, nutrients, plankton, etc. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/TOOL0412/
SBE 43 dissolved oxygen sensor, SeaBird Scientific
SBE 43 dissolved oxygen sensor, SeaBird Scientific
PI Supplied Instrument Name: SBE 43 dissolved oxygen sensor, SeaBird Scientific PI Supplied Instrument Description:Calibrated prior to the cruise by SeaBird Scientific Instrument Name: Sea-Bird SBE 43 Dissolved Oxygen Sensor Instrument Short Name:SBE-43 DO Instrument Description: The Sea-Bird SBE 43 dissolved oxygen sensor is a redesign of the Clark polarographic membrane type of dissolved oxygen sensors. more information from Sea-Bird Electronics Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/TOOL0036/
in-line separation-preconcentration system (Elemental Scientific SeaFAST SP3)
in-line separation-preconcentration system (Elemental Scientific SeaFAST SP3)
PI Supplied Instrument Name: in-line separation-preconcentration system (Elemental Scientific SeaFAST SP3) Instrument Name: SeaFAST Automated Preconcentration System Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: The seaFAST is an automated sample introduction system for analysis of seawater and other high matrix samples for analyses by ICPMS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry).
Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer Quant’X (Thermo Fisher Scientific)
Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer Quant’X (Thermo Fisher Scientific)
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer Quant’X (Thermo Fisher Scientific) Instrument Name: Spectrometer Instrument Short Name:Spectrometer Instrument Description: A spectrometer is an optical instrument used to measure properties of light over a specific portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/TOOL0460/
Cruise: NBP1704
NBP1704
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer
vessel
NBP1704
Steven Ackley
University of Texas at San Antonio
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer
vessel