http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/856544 eng; USA utf8 dataset Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact 2021-07-26 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Velocity observations from a mooring at Station AT55 in Lake Michigan from 2019-05-13 to 2019-06-05 2021-08-17 publication 2021-08-17 revision Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA) 2021-08-23 publication https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.856544.1 Cary Troy Purdue University principalInvestigator Harvey Bootsma University of Wisconsin principalInvestigator David Cannon Purdue University principalInvestigator Qian Liao University of Wisconsin principalInvestigator Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. publisher Cite this dataset as: Cannon, D., Troy, C., Bootsma, H., Liao, Q. (2021) Velocity observations from a mooring at Station AT55 in Lake Michigan from 2019-05-13 to 2019-06-05. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2021-08-17 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.856544.1 [access date] ADCP Lake Michigan 2019 Dataset Description: &lt;p&gt;A fixed mooring was established to measure water column velocities in Lake Michigan near Milwaukee (12 km northeast of Milwaukee Harbor), WI, during 2019 from May 13 – June 5, 2019 at a 55m depth site. Site coordinates:&amp;nbsp; 43&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt; 4.195’ N, 87&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt; 45.193’W.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;The mooring involved a small tripod, upon which an ADCPs (Nortek Signature 500) was mounted to measure water column velocities between 152cm and 4852cm above the bed.&lt;/p&gt; Methods and Sampling: &lt;p&gt;ADCPs were used to sample current velocities at 2 Hz, with the Nortek Signature 500 (152cm - 4852cm above bed, 1m bin size) measuring continuously.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1658390 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1658390 completed Cary Troy Purdue University 765-494-3844 Lyles School of Civil Engineering West Lafayette IN 47907 USA troy@purdue.edu pointOfContact Harvey Bootsma University of Wisconsin 414-251-9231 School of Freshwater Sciences 600 E. Greenfield Ave. Milwaukee WI 53204 USA hbootsma@uwm.edu pointOfContact David Cannon Purdue University 2195102668 550 Stadium Mall Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 cannond@purdue.edu pointOfContact Qian Liao University of Wisconsin 414-229-4228 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering P.O. Box 413 Milwaukee WI 53201 USA liao@uwm.edu pointOfContact asNeeded Dataset Version: 1 Unknown ISO_DateTime_UTC Latitude Longitude N_152cm N_252cm N_352cm N_452cm N_552cm N_652cm N_752cm N_852cm N_952cm N_1052cm N_1152cm N_1252cm N_1352cm N_1452cm N_1552cm N_1652cm N_1752cm N_1852cm N_1952cm N_2052cm N_2152cm N_2252cm N_2352cm N_2452cm N_2552cm N_2652cm N_2752cm N_2852cm N_2952cm N_3052cm N_3152cm N_3252cm N_3352cm N_3452cm N_3552cm N_3652cm N_3752cm N_3852cm N_3952cm N_4052cm N_4152cm N_4252cm N_4352cm N_4452cm N_4552cm N_4652cm N_4752cm N_4852cm E_152cm E_252cm E_352cm E_452cm E_552cm E_652cm E_752cm E_852cm E_952cm E_1052cm E_1152cm E_1252cm E_1352cm E_1452cm E_1552cm E_1652cm E_1752cm E_1852cm E_1952cm E_2052cm E_2152cm E_2252cm E_2352cm E_2452cm E_2552cm E_2652cm E_2752cm E_2852cm E_2952cm E_3052cm E_3152cm E_3252cm E_3352cm E_3452cm E_3552cm E_3652cm E_3752cm E_3852cm E_3952cm E_4052cm E_4152cm E_4252cm E_4352cm E_4452cm E_4552cm E_4652cm E_4752cm E_4852cm U_152cm U_252cm U_352cm U_452cm U_552cm U_652cm U_752cm U_852cm U_952cm U_1052cm U_1152cm U_1252cm U_1352cm U_1452cm U_1552cm U_1652cm U_1752cm U_1852cm U_1952cm U_2052cm U_2152cm U_2252cm U_2352cm U_2452cm U_2552cm U_2652cm U_2752cm U_2852cm U_2952cm U_3052cm U_3152cm U_3252cm U_3352cm U_3452cm U_3552cm U_3652cm U_3752cm U_3852cm U_3952cm U_4052cm U_4152cm U_4252cm U_4352cm U_4452cm U_4552cm U_4652cm U_4752cm U_4852cm Nortek Signature 500 theme None, User defined ISO_DateTime_UTC latitude longitude velocity north velocity east Upward velocity featureType BCO-DMO Standard Parameters Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler instrument BCO-DMO Standard Instruments otherRestrictions otherRestrictions Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use. Collaborative Research: Regulation of plankton and nutrient dynamics by hydrodynamics and profundal filter feeders https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/670679 Collaborative Research: Regulation of plankton and nutrient dynamics by hydrodynamics and profundal filter feeders <p><em>Overview:</em><br /> While benthic filter feeders are known to influence plankton and nutrient dynamics in shallow marine and freshwater systems, their role is generally considered to be minor in large, deep systems. However, recent evidence indicates that profundal quagga mussels (Dreissena rostriformis bugensis) have dramatically altered energy flow and nutrient cycling in the Laurentian Great Lakes and other larges aquatic systems, so that conventional nutrient-plankton paradigms no longer apply. Observed rates of phosphorus grazing by profundal quagga mussels in Lake Michigan exceed the passive settling rates by nearly an order of magnitude, even under stably stratified conditions. We hypothesize that the apparently enhanced particle deliver rate to the lake bottom results from high filtration capacity combined with vertical mixing processes that advect phytoplankton from the euphotic zone to the near-bottom layer. However, the role of hydrodynamics is unclear, because these processes are poorly characterized both within the hypolimnion as a whole and within the near-bottom layer. In addition, the implications for phytoplankton and nutrient dynamics are unclear, as mussels are also important nutrient recyclers. In the proposed interdisciplinary research project, state-of-the-art instruments and analytical tools will be deployed in Lake Michigan to quantify these critical dynamic processes, including boundary layer turbulence, mussel grazing, excretion and egestion, and benthic fluxes of carbon and phosphorus. Empirical data will be used to calibrate a 3D hydrodynamic-biogeochemical model to test our hypotheses.</p> <p><em>Intellectual Merit:</em><br /> This collaborative biophysical project is structured around two primary questions: 1) What role do profundal dreissenid mussels play in large lake carbon and nutrient cycles? 2) How are mussel grazing and the fate of nutrients recycled by mussels modulated by hydrodynamics at scales ranging from mm (benthic boundary layer) to meters (entire water column)? The project will improve the ability to model nutrient and carbon dynamics in coastal and lacustrine waters where benthic filter-feeders are a significant portion of the biota. By so doing, it will address the overarching question of how plankton and nutrient dynamics in large, deep lakes with abundant profundal filter feeders differ from the conventional paradigm described by previous models. Additionally, the project will quantify and characterize boundary layer turbulence for benthic boundary layers in large, deep lakes, including near-bed turbulence produced by benthic filter feeders.</p> <p><em>Broader Impacts:</em><br /> The project will provide new insight into the impacts of invasive dreissenid mussels, which are now threatening many large lakes and reservoirs across the United States. Dreissenid mussels appear to be responsible for a number of major changes that have occurred in the Great Lakes, including declines of pelagic plankton populations, declines in fish populations, and, ironically, nuisance algal blooms in the nearshore zone. As a result, conventional management models no longer apply, and managers are uncertain about appropriate nutrient loading targets and fish stocking levels. The data and models resulting from this project will help to guide those decisions. Additionally, the project will provide insight to bottom boundary layer physics, with applicability to other large lakes, atidal coastal seas, and the deep ocean. The project will leverage the collaboration and promote interdisciplinary education for undergraduate and graduate students from two universities (UW-Milwaukee and Purdue). The project will support 3 Ph.D. students and provide structured research experiences to undergraduates through a summer research program. The project will also promote education of future aquatic scientists by hosting a Biophysical Coupling Workshop for graduate students who participate in the annual IAGLR conferences, and the workshop lectures will be published for general access through ASLO e-Lectures and on an open-access project website.</p> <p><em>Background publications are available at:</em><br /> <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2014JC010506/full" target="_blank">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2014JC010506/full</a><br /> <a href="http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00348-012-1265-9" target="_blank">http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00348-012-1265-9</a><br /> <a href="http://aslo.net/lomethods/free/2009/0169.pdf" target="_blank">http://aslo.net/lomethods/free/2009/0169.pdf</a><br /> <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0380133015001458" target="_blank">http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0380133015001458</a></p> <p><em>Note: </em>This is an NSF Collaborative Research Project.</p> Filter Feeders Physics and Phosphorus largerWorkCitation project eng; USA oceans -87.753216666667 -87.753216666667 43.069916666667 43.069916666667 2019-05-13 2019-06-05 Lake Michigan 0 BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Velocity observations from a mooring at Station AT55 in Lake Michigan from 2019-05-13 to 2019-06-05 Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859233.rdf Name: ISO_DateTime_UTC Units: unitless Description: <p>Time of sample in ISO format, UTC timezone</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859234.rdf Name: Latitude Units: decimal degrees Description: <p>Latitude of sampling location</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859235.rdf Name: Longitude Units: decimal degrees Description: <p>Longitude of sampling location</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859236.rdf Name: N_152cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 152 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859237.rdf Name: N_252cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 252 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859238.rdf Name: N_352cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 352 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859239.rdf Name: N_452cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 452 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859240.rdf Name: N_552cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 552 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859241.rdf Name: N_652cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 652 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859242.rdf Name: N_752cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 752 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859243.rdf Name: N_852cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 852 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859244.rdf Name: N_952cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 952 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859245.rdf Name: N_1052cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 1052 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859246.rdf Name: N_1152cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 1152 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859247.rdf Name: N_1252cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 1252 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859248.rdf Name: N_1352cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 1352 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859249.rdf Name: N_1452cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 1452 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859250.rdf Name: N_1552cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 1552 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859251.rdf Name: N_1652cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 1652 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859252.rdf Name: N_1752cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 1752 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859253.rdf Name: N_1852cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 1852 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859254.rdf Name: N_1952cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 1952 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859255.rdf Name: N_2052cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 2052 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859256.rdf Name: N_2152cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 2152 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859257.rdf Name: N_2252cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 2252 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859258.rdf Name: N_2352cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 2352 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859259.rdf Name: N_2452cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 2452 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859260.rdf Name: N_2552cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 2552 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859261.rdf Name: N_2652cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 2652 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859262.rdf Name: N_2752cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 2752 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859263.rdf Name: N_2852cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 2852 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859264.rdf Name: N_2952cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 2952 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859265.rdf Name: N_3052cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 3052 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859266.rdf Name: N_3152cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 3152 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859267.rdf Name: N_3252cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 3252 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859268.rdf Name: N_3352cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 3352 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859269.rdf Name: N_3452cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 3452 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859270.rdf Name: N_3552cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 3552 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859271.rdf Name: N_3652cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 3652 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859272.rdf Name: N_3752cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 3752 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859273.rdf Name: N_3852cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 3852 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859274.rdf Name: N_3952cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 3952 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859275.rdf Name: N_4052cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 4052 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859276.rdf Name: N_4152cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 4152 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859277.rdf Name: N_4252cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 4252 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859278.rdf Name: N_4352cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 4352 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859279.rdf Name: N_4452cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 4452 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859280.rdf Name: N_4552cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 4552 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859281.rdf Name: N_4652cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 4652 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859282.rdf Name: N_4752cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 4752 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859283.rdf Name: N_4852cm Units: m/s Description: <p>North component of average water column velocities measured at 4852 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the north</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859284.rdf Name: E_152cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 152 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859285.rdf Name: E_252cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 252 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859286.rdf Name: E_352cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 352 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859287.rdf Name: E_452cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 452 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859288.rdf Name: E_552cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 552 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859289.rdf Name: E_652cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 652 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859290.rdf Name: E_752cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 752 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859291.rdf Name: E_852cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 852 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859292.rdf Name: E_952cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 952 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859293.rdf Name: E_1052cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 1052 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859294.rdf Name: E_1152cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 1152 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859295.rdf Name: E_1252cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 1252 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859296.rdf Name: E_1352cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 1352 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859297.rdf Name: E_1452cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 1452 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859298.rdf Name: E_1552cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 1552 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859299.rdf Name: E_1652cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 1652 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859300.rdf Name: E_1752cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 1752 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859301.rdf Name: E_1852cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 1852 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859302.rdf Name: E_1952cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 1952 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859303.rdf Name: E_2052cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 2052 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859304.rdf Name: E_2152cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 2152 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859305.rdf Name: E_2252cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 2252 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859306.rdf Name: E_2352cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 2352 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859307.rdf Name: E_2452cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 2452 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859308.rdf Name: E_2552cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 2552 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859309.rdf Name: E_2652cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 2652 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859310.rdf Name: E_2752cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 2752 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859311.rdf Name: E_2852cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 2852 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859312.rdf Name: E_2952cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 2952 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859313.rdf Name: E_3052cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 3052 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859314.rdf Name: E_3152cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 3152 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859315.rdf Name: E_3252cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 3252 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859316.rdf Name: E_3352cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 3352 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859317.rdf Name: E_3452cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 3452 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859318.rdf Name: E_3552cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 3552 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859319.rdf Name: E_3652cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 3652 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859320.rdf Name: E_3752cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 3752 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859321.rdf Name: E_3852cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 3852 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859322.rdf Name: E_3952cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 3952 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859323.rdf Name: E_4052cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 4052 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859324.rdf Name: E_4152cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 4152 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859325.rdf Name: E_4252cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 4252 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859326.rdf Name: E_4352cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 4352 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859327.rdf Name: E_4452cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 4452 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859328.rdf Name: E_4552cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 4552 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859329.rdf Name: E_4652cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 4652 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859330.rdf Name: E_4752cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 4752 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859331.rdf Name: E_4852cm Units: m/s Description: <p>East component of average water column velocities measured at 4852 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the east</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859332.rdf Name: U_152cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 152 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859333.rdf Name: U_252cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 252 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859334.rdf Name: U_352cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 352 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859335.rdf Name: U_452cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 452 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859336.rdf Name: U_552cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 552 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859337.rdf Name: U_652cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 652 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859338.rdf Name: U_752cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 752 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859339.rdf Name: U_852cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 852 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859340.rdf Name: U_952cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 952 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859341.rdf Name: U_1052cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 1052 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859342.rdf Name: U_1152cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 1152 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859343.rdf Name: U_1252cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 1252 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859344.rdf Name: U_1352cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 1352 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859345.rdf Name: U_1452cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 1452 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859346.rdf Name: U_1552cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 1552 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859347.rdf Name: U_1652cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 1652 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859348.rdf Name: U_1752cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 1752 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859349.rdf Name: U_1852cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 1852 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859350.rdf Name: U_1952cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 1952 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859351.rdf Name: U_2052cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 2052 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859352.rdf Name: U_2152cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 2152 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859353.rdf Name: U_2252cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 2252 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859354.rdf Name: U_2352cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 2352 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859355.rdf Name: U_2452cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 2452 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859356.rdf Name: U_2552cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 2552 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859357.rdf Name: U_2652cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 2652 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859358.rdf Name: U_2752cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 2752 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859359.rdf Name: U_2852cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 2852 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859360.rdf Name: U_2952cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 2952 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859361.rdf Name: U_3052cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 3052 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859362.rdf Name: U_3152cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 3152 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859363.rdf Name: U_3252cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 3252 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859364.rdf Name: U_3352cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 3352 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859365.rdf Name: U_3452cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 3452 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859366.rdf Name: U_3552cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 3552 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859367.rdf Name: U_3652cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 3652 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859368.rdf Name: U_3752cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 3752 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859369.rdf Name: U_3852cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 3852 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859370.rdf Name: U_3952cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 3952 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859371.rdf Name: U_4052cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 4052 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859372.rdf Name: U_4152cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 4152 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859373.rdf Name: U_4252cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 4252 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859374.rdf Name: U_4352cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 4352 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859375.rdf Name: U_4452cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 4452 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859376.rdf Name: U_4552cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 4552 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859377.rdf Name: U_4652cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 4652 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859378.rdf Name: U_4752cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 4752 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/859379.rdf Name: U_4852cm Units: m/s Description: <p>Upward component of average water column velocities measured at 4852 cm above the bed. Measurements are defined positive (+) when velocities are moving toward the up</p> GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact 9360475 https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/bitstream/1912/27463/1/dataset-856544_adcp-lake-michigan-2019__v1.tsv download https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.856544.1 download onLine dataset &lt;p&gt;ADCPs were used to sample current velocities at 2 Hz, with the Nortek Signature 500 (152cm - 4852cm above bed, 1m bin size) measuring continuously.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; Specified by the Principal Investigator(s) &lt;p&gt;Data were successfully downloaded from instruments.&amp;nbsp; No problems were detected with the measurements.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;All velocity data was averaged over 10 minutes of sampling before being interpolated onto a common time vector. Individual instrument accuracies, ranges, and resolutions are included in the attached file (ADCP_METADATA_052019.xlsx).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;All data were quality controlled according to manufacturer recommendations and measurements with poor amplitudes and correlations were removed before averaging.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;BCO-DMO processing notes:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; Specified by the Principal Investigator(s) asNeeded 7.x-1.1 Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact Nortek Signature 500 Nortek Signature 500 PI Supplied Instrument Name: Nortek Signature 500 PI Supplied Instrument Description:Nortek Signature 500 Instrument Name: Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler Instrument Short Name:ADCP Instrument Description: The ADCP measures water currents with sound, using a principle of sound waves called the Doppler effect. A sound wave has a higher frequency, or pitch, when it moves to you than when it moves away. You hear the Doppler effect in action when a car speeds past with a characteristic building of sound that fades when the car passes. The ADCP works by transmitting "pings" of sound at a constant frequency into the water. (The pings are so highly pitched that humans and even dolphins can't hear them.) As the sound waves travel, they ricochet off particles suspended in the moving water, and reflect back to the instrument. Due to the Doppler effect, sound waves bounced back from a particle moving away from the profiler have a slightly lowered frequency when they return. Particles moving toward the instrument send back higher frequency waves. The difference in frequency between the waves the profiler sends out and the waves it receives is called the Doppler shift. The instrument uses this shift to calculate how fast the particle and the water around it are moving. Sound waves that hit particles far from the profiler take longer to come back than waves that strike close by. By measuring the time it takes for the waves to bounce back and the Doppler shift, the profiler can measure current speed at many different depths with each series of pings. (More from WHOI instruments listing). Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/115/