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            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/858599.rdf" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Echosounder data from goliath grouper aggregations in Jupiter, FL from August 31 until November 30, 2020.</gmx:Anchor>
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            <gco:CharacterString>Cite this dataset as: Papastamatiou, Y. (2023) Echosounder data from goliath grouper aggregations in Jupiter, FL from August 31 until November 30, 2020. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2023-01-27 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.858599.1 [access date]</gco:CharacterString>
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        <gco:CharacterString>Hydroacoustics - Jupiter from August 31 until November 30, 2020 Dataset Description: &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Data have been published “as is”. Final review by the data submitter was not received after it was imported into the BCO-DMO data system.&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt; Methods and Sampling: &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Hydroacoustic surveys were conducted at three well known artificial reefs in Jupiter, Florida (approximately: 27N, 80W). Sites include MG111 Barge and Warriors Reef (referred to as “mg” in data files), Sun Mariner Tugboat (referred to as “sun” in data files), and the Wreck Train complex (Zion, Miss Jenny, and Esso Bonaire) (referred to as “wrt” in data files). Surveys consisted of 20 350m long evenly spaced (10m) parallel transects.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Two Simrad split-beam echosounders (ES38-10 and ES 120-7C) were towed at approximately 2.5m s&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;-1&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; on a custom built towfish, approximately 12m behind the research vessel (7m center console). GPS position is referenced at the center of the research vessel, but the correction has not been applied to these data. The distance between echosounders and antenna is approximately 15.5m.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Data were collected in Continuous Wave (pulse duration: 0.256µs, sampling interval: 10Hz) and Frequency Modulation (pulse duration: 2.048µs, sampling interval: 10Hz) modes at 38kHz (FM: 35-45kHz) and 120kHz (FM: 90-170kHZ) between 31 August and November 29, 2020. Data from 31 August to 15 October were collected in CW, and data from 30 October to 29 November were collected in FM. Echosounders were calibrated using standard techniques described by Demer et al. (2015).&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Surveys were conducted biweekly during peak new and full moon periods. Missing surveys are attributed to power supply malfunctions and periods of inclement weather.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;</gco:CharacterString>
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        <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/award/825392.rdf" xlink:title="OCE-2006293" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-2006293 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=2006293</gmx:Anchor>
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        <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/award/825393.rdf" xlink:title="OCE-2006295" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-2006295 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=2006295</gmx:Anchor>
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                <gco:CharacterString>&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Hydroacoustic surveys were conducted at three well known artificial reefs in Jupiter, Florida (approximately: 27N, 80W). Sites include MG111 Barge and Warriors Reef (referred to as “mg” in data files), Sun Mariner Tugboat (referred to as “sun” in data files), and the Wreck Train complex (Zion, Miss Jenny, and Esso Bonaire) (referred to as “wrt” in data files). Surveys consisted of 20 350m long evenly spaced (10m) parallel transects.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Two Simrad split-beam echosounders (ES38-10 and ES 120-7C) were towed at approximately 2.5m s&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;-1&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; on a custom built towfish, approximately 12m behind the research vessel (7m center console). GPS position is referenced at the center of the research vessel, but the correction has not been applied to these data. The distance between echosounders and antenna is approximately 15.5m.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Data were collected in Continuous Wave (pulse duration: 0.256µs, sampling interval: 10Hz) and Frequency Modulation (pulse duration: 2.048µs, sampling interval: 10Hz) modes at 38kHz (FM: 35-45kHz) and 120kHz (FM: 90-170kHZ) between 31 August and November 29, 2020. Data from 31 August to 15 October were collected in CW, and data from 30 October to 29 November were collected in FM. Echosounders were calibrated using standard techniques described by Demer et al. (2015).&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Surveys were conducted biweekly during peak new and full moon periods. Missing surveys are attributed to power supply malfunctions and periods of inclement weather.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
              <gmd:source>
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                        <gco:CharacterString>Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)</gco:CharacterString>
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                      <gmd:date gco:nilReason="unknown"/>
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          <gmd:processStep xlink:title="Data Processing Description">
            <gmd:LI_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Data were processed in Echoview 11.1.34 (Echoview Software Pty Ltd). Exported survey data were merged into four master survey files based on frequency (38/120kHZ) and collection mode (CW/FM). Files included are “cw38_2020_repos.csv”, “cw120_2020_repos.csv”, “fm38_2020_repos.csv”, and “fm120_2020_repos.csv”.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;CW processing&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt;: Bottom and surface exclusion regions were first applied to remove bad data. Impulsive noise and background noise removal algorithms were then used to remove interference produced by the boat and electrical systems based on the techniques presented by Ryan et al. (2015) and De Robertis &amp;amp;amp; Higginbottom (2007). The default Echoview settings were used. Impulse noise was evaluated based using three consecutive pings, and ten samples in the vertical domain. Data were removed if an adjacent region was &amp;amp;gt;10dB greater or less than the reference region. Background noise was evaluated based on 20 consecutive pings, and five samples in the vertical domain. The maximum noise threshold was set to -125dB and the signal-to-noise ratio was set to 10.0. Those samples that did not mee the criteria were excluded. Data were then divided into 5m vertical by 5m horizontal cells and exported as .csv files.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;FM processing&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt;: Bottom and surface exclusion regions were first applied to remove bad data. Data were then divided into 5m vertical by 5m horizontal cells. No further processing was completed.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Additional dataset description:&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt; Each row represents a 5m vertical x 5m horizontal cell along the transect. Individual cells can be identified by interval and layer. “_M” indicates mean for the respective variable. For example, “Time_M” is the mean time within interval “x”, and “Lat_M” is the mean latitude within interval “x”.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;BCO-DMO processing notes:&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;merged all 4 datasets into 1 file&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;converted data to ISO_DateTime_UTC&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;</gco:CharacterString>
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                        <gco:CharacterString>Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)</gco:CharacterString>
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                      <gmd:date gco:nilReason="unknown"/>
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   </gmd:DQ_DataQuality>
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    <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/affiliation/191.rdf" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)</gmx:Anchor>
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				    <gco:CharacterString>Unavailable</gco:CharacterString>
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				    <gco:CharacterString>508-289-2009</gco:CharacterString>
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				    <gco:CharacterString>WHOI MS#36</gco:CharacterString>
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				    <gco:CharacterString>Woods Hole</gco:CharacterString>
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				    <gco:CharacterString>MA</gco:CharacterString>
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				    <gco:CharacterString>02543</gco:CharacterString>
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				    <gco:CharacterString>USA</gco:CharacterString>
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				    <gco:CharacterString>info@bco-dmo.org</gco:CharacterString>
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        <gco:CharacterString>Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm</gco:CharacterString>
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		    <gco:CharacterString>For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.</gco:CharacterString>
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  <gmi:acquisitionInformation>
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    <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument>
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/instrument/864196.rdf" xlink:title="Simrad EK80 echo sounder" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Simrad EK80 Scientific Wideband Transceivers</gmx:Anchor>
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            <gco:CharacterString>Simrad EK80 Scientific Wideband Transceivers</gco:CharacterString>
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            <gco:CharacterString>PI Supplied Instrument Name: Simrad EK80 Scientific Wideband Transceivers PI Supplied Instrument Description:Simrad EK80 Scientific Wideband Transceivers were used with Simrad ES38-10 and ES120-7C Splitbeam echosounders. Echosounders were calibrated using standard techniques described by Demer et al. (2015). Instrument Name: Simrad EK80 echo sounder Instrument Short Name:EK80   Instrument Description: A high precision scientific echo sounder, designed to simultaneously operate frequencies ranging from 10 to 500 kHz. EK80 is a modular echo sounder system, and can operate with a combination of split and single beam transducers facilitated by a built-in calibration application. This system was built in succession to the EK60 echo sounder.</gco:CharacterString>
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      <gmi:instrument>
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          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/instrument/622.rdf" xlink:title="Split-Beam Echosounder" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Simrad ES38-10 and ES120-7C Splitbeam echosounders</gmx:Anchor>
              </gmd:code>
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            <gco:CharacterString>Simrad ES38-10 and ES120-7C Splitbeam echosounders</gco:CharacterString>
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            <gco:CharacterString>PI Supplied Instrument Name: Simrad ES38-10 and ES120-7C Splitbeam echosounders PI Supplied Instrument Description:Simrad ES38-10 and ES120-7C Splitbeam echosounders. Echosounders were calibrated using standard techniques described by Demer et al. (2015). Instrument Name: Split-Beam Echosounder Instrument Short Name:Splitbeam Echosounder   Instrument Description: &quot;The split-beam echosounder has a transducer which is divided into four quadrants.The target direction is determined by comparing the signals received by each quadrant... The transmission pulse is applied to the whole transducer but the signals received by each quadrant are processed separately...The target strength is estimated from the transducer sensitivity in the relevant direction, namely the beam pattern and the on-axis sensitivity.&quot;  From &quot;Fisheries Acoustics: Theory and Practice&quot; by E. John Simmonds, D. N. MacLennan, Wiley-Blackwell; 2 edition. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/FFES/</gco:CharacterString>
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