http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/861111
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2021-09-21
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Results from a study of physiological responses of Ulva lactuca to ocean acidification and nutrient enrichment
2021-09-21
publication
2021-09-21
revision
Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA)
2021-10-14
publication
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.861111.1
Janet E. Kubler
California State University Northridge
principalInvestigator
Steve Dudgeon
California State University Northridge
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Reidenbach, L., Kubler, J. E., Dudgeon, S. (2021) Results from a study of physiological responses of Ulva lactuca to ocean acidification and nutrient enrichment. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2021-09-21 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.861111.1 [access date]
Response of Ulva to OA and NH4+ Dataset Description: Methods and Sampling: <p>The experiment took place in the laboratory at the Department of Biology, California State University, Northridge. The specimens used in the experiment were collected in Malibu, CA (34° 02' 29.0" N, 118° 34' 03.2" W) on May 26, 2016 for trial 1 and July 5, 2016 for trial 2. Each trial lasted 22 days.</p>
<p><strong>Carbonate Chemistry</strong><br />
Carbonate chemistry parameters were calculated multiple times during each trial using measurements of pH and total alkalinity (AT). AT samples were collected in 50 mL Falcon tubes, stored wrapped in Parafilm at 4°C in the dark, and analyzed within two weeks by potentiometric titration coupled to a pH electrode (Mettler Toledo DGi-115-SC with T5 Rondolino) and thermometer. Most AT samples were measured on the day of sampling. The performance of the machine was checked with each measurement using certified reference material (CRM) from the Dickson laboratory at the Scripps Oceanographic Institute and the pH electrode was calibrated using TRIS buffer (Dickson et al., 2007). A spectrophotometric technique using m-cresol as an indicator dye was used to determine pHT (pH total scale). AT was calculated using potentiometric titration data and pHT using spectrophotometric data in the R-package Seacarb V 3.0.14 (Lavigne et al., 2011).</p>
<p><strong>Nitrate reductase activity</strong><br />
An in vivo assay of nitrate reductase activity (NRA) was done according to the methods of Thompson &amp; Valiela (1999) resulting in a colorimetric reaction with NO2- produced via NRA under dark, anoxic conditions. Absorbance was measured at 540 nm using a spectrophotometer.</p>
<p><strong>Nutrient Analysis</strong><br />
NH4+ concentrations in the culture tanks were measured with a fluorometric method using OPA (Holmes et al., 1999) with the suggested modifications of Taylor et al. (2007), which included using an improved method for measuring background fluorescence. The raw fluorescence measurement of a sample was calibrated to a standard curve of an NH4+ stock solution using the standard additions protocol I of Taylor et al. (2007) which accounts for matrix effects that can alter fluorescence measurements.</p>
<p>NO3- concentrations in the culture tanks were determined from samples sent to the University of California, Santa Barbara Marine Science Institute Analytical Lab and were analyzed using a Lachat Instruments flow injection analysis instrument (QuikChem 8000).</p>
<p><strong>Nutrient uptake rates</strong><br />
Uptake rates of NH4+ and NO3- were measured in situ on day twenty of the trials 8 – 10 hours into the light cycle for a period of one hour. The formula for chemostat nutrient uptake by Carmona et al. (1996) was used to determine nutrient uptake rates.</p>
<p><strong>CN analyses and carbon stable isotope ratios</strong><br />
Tissue samples were dried for 24 hours at 60 degrees Celsisu. Dried samples were prepared for analysis by homogenizing samples using a metal laboratory scoop, cleaned with ethanol between each sample, which resulted in a fine power. Then, approximately 3 mg of the Ulva lactuca tissue powder was measured using an analytical balance (Mettler Toledo XP205) into a tin capsule and carefully enclosed with clean forceps. The tin capsules were put into 96-well tray plates and sent to the University of California, Davis Stable Isotope Facility (UCD-SIF). The samples were analyzed for δ15N and δ13C using the elemental analysis – isotope ratio mass spectrometry technique, which also provides results for tissue C and N content.</p>
<p><strong>Seawater carbon stable isotopes</strong><br />
Seawater samples for delta13C of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) were stored in 20 mL glass vials with cone lids to exclude air from sample. Samples were stored at room temperature in low light until prepared for analysis using the exetainer gas evolution technique for DIC (Li et al., 2007). Then, the samples were sent to the UCD-SIF for analysis using the GasBench – isotope ratio mass spectrometry technique.</p>
<p><strong>Internal soluble nitrogen pools</strong><br />
Internal NH4+ and NO3- pools were measured using the boiling water method (Hurd et al., 1996). One piece (0.04 ± 0.02 g FW, mean ± SEM) from each treatment was rinsed with deionized water to remove salt and nutrients on the surface. The pieces were placed in test tubes with 15 mL of deionized water and placed in a boiling water bath for 40 minutes. The water was decanted and analyzed for NH4+ and NO3-. This process was repeated on the same algal piece three times and the concentrations of internal soluble NH4+ and NO3- pools were calculated using the sum of the NH4+ and NO3- concentrations of the three water samples of each algal piece.</p>
<p><strong>Soluble protein and carbohydrates</strong><br />
Pieces of Ulva lactuca tissue (0.04 ± 0.004 g FW, mean ± SEM) were ground in a mortar and pestle in 2 mL of a β-mercaptoethanol buffer, pH 7.5 and stored at 4°C for up to 72 hours. The extract was centrifuged at 16,000 g for 5 minutes. Soluble proteins and carbohydrates were determined spectrophotometrically (Milton Roy Spectronic Genesys 5) using the supernatant fraction. Soluble proteins were determined according to Bradford (1976) and soluble carbohydrates were determined using the phenol-sulfuric acid method according to Kochert (1978).</p>
<p><strong>Chlorophyll a</strong><br />
Chlorophyll a was extracted in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and methanol according to the methods of Duncan and Harrison 1982. Pieces of Ulva lactuca tissue (0.5 g FW) were placed in 1.25 mL of 80% DMSO for 10 minutes, and then suspended in two sequential 3 mL solutions of methanol for 10 min each to complete the extraction. The absorbance of the DMSO and methanol were measured using a spectrophotometer at the wavelengths indicated in the formulas below. The absorbance at each wavelength, volume of solvent, and the fresh weight of a fragment were used to calculate the concentration of Chl a from each solvent using the following formulas:</p>
<p>DMSO Solution Chl a (mg g⁻¹) = [ (A<sub>665</sub>/(72.8)) * 1000 ] / g FW</p>
<p>Methanol solution Chl a (mg g⁻¹) = (13.8A<sub>668</sub> - 1.3A<sub>635</sub>) / g FW</p>
<p>The Chl a concentration was the sum of the concentrations of the DMSO and methanol extracts.</p>
<p><strong>Photosynthetic rates</strong><br />
Photosynthetic O2 evolution rates were measured using the Qubit systems O2 electrode in a water-jacketed cuvette connected to a laptop using a LabProTM interface. Small pieces of Ulva lactuca (1 – 2 cm2) were cut from thalli at least one hour prior to measurements. The pieces were placed in 20 mL of culture water at 16°C in a 2 cm2 mesh bag which held the pieces at a 90° angle to the Qubit LED light source. A photosynthesis-irradiance (P-I) curve was generated using various photon flux densities from 0 – 700 μM photons m-2 s-1 for 200 seconds each, following a 200 second dark period to measure dark respiration rate. The maximum photosynthetic rate (Pmax), light saturation point (Ik), and photosynthetic efficiency (the initial slope of the P-I curve) (α) were determined from the P-I curves.</p>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1316198 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1316198
completed
Janet E. Kubler
California State University Northridge
(818) 677-7322
Dept. of Biology, CSU-Northridge 18111 Nordhoff Street
Northridge
CA
91330-8303
USA
janet.kubler@csun.edu
pointOfContact
Steve Dudgeon
California State University Northridge
(818) 677-7322
Dept. of Biology, CSU-Northridge 18111 Nordhoff Street
Northridge
CA
91330-8303
USA
steve.dudgeon@csun.edu
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: 1
Unknown
Experiement
Pot
Nutrient
NH4
pCO2_avg_Day_5
pCO2_avg_Day_10
pCO2_avg_Day_20
Growth_Day_5
Growth_Day_10
Growth_Day_20
Carbohydrates
Protein
NRA
Ammonium_Pool
Nitrate_Pool
Ammonium_Uptake_Rate
Nitrate_Uptake_Rate
Pmax
Alpha
Ik
Chl_a
Tissue_C
Tissue_N
C_N_ratio
Respiration
DeltaC
dN
chemostat
Lachat Instruments flow injection analysis instrument (QuikChem 8000)
elemental analysis – isotope ratio mass spectrometry
Qubit LED light
Mass flow controlled (MFC) gas mixing system
OrionStar A329
Qubit systems O2 electrode
Mettler Toledo DGi-115-SC
Milton Roy Spectronic Genesys 5
theme
None, User defined
experiment id
tank
treatment
Ammonium
Partial pressure of CO2
growth
carbohydrates
protein concentration
Nitrite
Nitrate
max photosynthesis
alpha
light intensity at Pmax
chlorophyll a
Elemental carbon (C)
Nitrogen
Carbon to Nitrogen ratio (C:N)
respiration rate
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
Chemostat
Flow Injection Analyzer
Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer
LED light
Mass Flow Controller
Multi Parameter Portable Meter
Oxygen Sensor
pH Sensor
Spectrophotometer
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
Science, Engineering and Education for Sustainability NSF-Wide Investment (SEES): Ocean Acidification (formerly CRI-OA)
https://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=503477
Science, Engineering and Education for Sustainability NSF-Wide Investment (SEES): Ocean Acidification (formerly CRI-OA)
NSF Climate Research Investment (CRI) activities that were initiated in 2010 are now included under Science, Engineering and Education for Sustainability NSF-Wide Investment (SEES). SEES is a portfolio of activities that highlights NSF's unique role in helping society address the challenge(s) of achieving sustainability. Detailed information about the SEES program is available from NSF (https://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=504707).
In recognition of the need for basic research concerning the nature, extent and impact of ocean acidification on oceanic environments in the past, present and future, the goal of the SEES: OA program is to understand (a) the chemistry and physical chemistry of ocean acidification; (b) how ocean acidification interacts with processes at the organismal level; and (c) how the earth system history informs our understanding of the effects of ocean acidification on the present day and future ocean.
Solicitations issued under this program:
NSF 10-530, FY 2010-FY2011
NSF 12-500, FY 2012
NSF 12-600, FY 2013
NSF 13-586, FY 2014
NSF 13-586 was the final solicitation that will be released for this program.
PI Meetings:
1st U.S. Ocean Acidification PI Meeting(March 22-24, 2011, Woods Hole, MA)
2nd U.S. Ocean Acidification PI Meeting(Sept. 18-20, 2013, Washington, DC)
3rd U.S. Ocean Acidification PI Meeting (June 9-11, 2015, Woods Hole, MA – Tentative)
NSF media releases for the Ocean Acidification Program:
Press Release 10-186 NSF Awards Grants to Study Effects of Ocean Acidification
Discovery Blue Mussels "Hang On" Along Rocky Shores: For How Long?
Discovery nsf.gov - National Science Foundation (NSF) Discoveries - Trouble in Paradise: Ocean Acidification This Way Comes - US National Science Foundation (NSF)
Press Release 12-179 nsf.gov - National Science Foundation (NSF) News - Ocean Acidification: Finding New Answers Through National Science Foundation Research Grants - US National Science Foundation (NSF)
Press Release 13-102 World Oceans Month Brings Mixed News for Oysters
Press Release 13-108 nsf.gov - National Science Foundation (NSF) News - Natural Underwater Springs Show How Coral Reefs Respond to Ocean Acidification - US National Science Foundation (NSF)
Press Release 13-148 Ocean acidification: Making new discoveries through National Science Foundation research grants
Press Release 13-148 - Video nsf.gov - News - Video - NSF Ocean Sciences Division Director David Conover answers questions about ocean acidification. - US National Science Foundation (NSF)
Press Release 14-010 nsf.gov - National Science Foundation (NSF) News - Palau's coral reefs surprisingly resistant to ocean acidification - US National Science Foundation (NSF)
Press Release 14-116 nsf.gov - National Science Foundation (NSF) News - Ocean Acidification: NSF awards $11.4 million in new grants to study effects on marine ecosystems - US National Science Foundation (NSF)
SEES-OA
largerWorkCitation
program
Ocean Acidification: Scope for Resilience to Ocean Acidification in Macroalgae
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/2275
Ocean Acidification: Scope for Resilience to Ocean Acidification in Macroalgae
<p>Benthic macroalgae contribute to intensely productive near shore ecosystems and little is known about the potential effects of ocean acidification on non-calcifying macroalgae. Kübler and Dudgeon will test hypotheses about two macroalgae, <em>Ulva</em> spp. and <em>Plocamium cartilagineum</em>, which, for different reasons, are hypothesized to be more productive and undergo ecological expansions under predicted changes in ocean chemistry. They have designed laboratory culture-based experiments to quantify the scope for response to ocean acidification in <em>Plocamium</em>, which relies solely on diffusive uptake of CO2, and populations of<em> Ulva</em> spp., which have an inducible concentrating mechanism (CCM). The investigators will culture these algae in media equilibrated at 8 different pCO2 levels ranging from 380 to 940 ppm to address three key hypotheses. The first is that macroalgae (such as Plocamium cartilagineum) that are not able to acquire inorganic carbon in changed form will benefit, in terms of photosynthetic and growth rates, from ocean acidification. There is little existing data to support this common assumption. The second hypothesis is that enhanced growth of Ulva sp. under OA will result from the energetic savings from down regulating the CCM, rather than from enhanced photosynthesis per se. Their approach will detect existing genetic variation for adaptive plasticity. The third key hypothesis to be addressed in short-term culture experiments is that there will be a significant interaction between ocean acidification and nitrogen limited growth of<em> Ulva</em> spp., which are indicator species of eutrophication. Kübler and Dudgeon will be able to quantify the individual effects of ocean acidification and nitrogenous nutrient addition on <em>Ulva</em> spp. and also, the synergistic effects, which will inevitably apply in many highly productive, shallow coastal areas. The three hypotheses being addressed have been broadly identified as urgent needs in our growing understanding of the impacts of ocean acidification.</p>
Seaweed OA Resilience
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
oceans
-118.567556
-118.567556
34.0413889
34.0413889
2016-05-26
2016-07-27
Temperate coastal waters of the USA (30 - 45 N latitude, -66 to -88 W and -117 to -125 W longitude)
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Results from a study of physiological responses of Ulva lactuca to ocean acidification and nutrient enrichment
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/861166.rdf
Name: Experiement
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Trial 1 or Trial 2</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/861167.rdf
Name: Pot
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Pot number assigned to each experimental unit</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/861168.rdf
Name: Nutrient
Units: micromoles per liter (umol/L)
Description: <p>Experimental unit received enriched (20 umol [NH4+]) or unenriched (no NH4+)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/861169.rdf
Name: NH4
Units: micromoles per liter (umol/L)
Description: <p>The average difference between header tank NH4+ concentration and culture tank NH4+ concentration</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/861170.rdf
Name: pCO2_avg_Day_5
Units: parts per million (ppm)
Description: <p>Average pCO2 calculated from measurements of pH and TA sampled periodically throughout experiments up to day 5</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/861171.rdf
Name: pCO2_avg_Day_10
Units: parts per million (ppm)
Description: <p>Average pCO2 calculated from measurements of pH and TA sampled periodically throughout experiments on days 5 -10</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/861172.rdf
Name: pCO2_avg_Day_20
Units: parts per million (ppm)
Description: <p>Average pCO2 calculated from measurements of pH and total alkalinity sampled periodically throughout experiments on days 10 - 20</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/861173.rdf
Name: Growth_Day_5
Units: perecent per day (% day-1)
Description: <p>Growth rate days 0 - 5 using fresh weight</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/861174.rdf
Name: Growth_Day_10
Units: perecent per day (% day-1)
Description: <p>Growth rate days 5 - 10 using fresh weight</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/861175.rdf
Name: Growth_Day_20
Units: perecent per day (% day-1)
Description: <p>Growth rate days 10 - 20 using fresh weight</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/861176.rdf
Name: Carbohydrates
Units: milligrams per millilter per gram fresh weight (mg/ml g-1 FW)
Description: <p>Carbohydrate content of Ulva at end of experiment</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/861177.rdf
Name: Protein
Units: milligrams per millilter per gram fresh weight (mg/ml g-1 FW)
Description: <p>Protein content of Ulva at end of experiment</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/861178.rdf
Name: NRA
Units: micrometers NO2- per gram fresh weight (um NO2- g-1 FW)
Description: <p>An in vivo assay of nitrate reductase activity</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/861179.rdf
Name: Ammonium_Pool
Units: milligrams NH4+ per gram fresh weight (mg NH4+ g-1 FW)
Description: <p>Internal NH4+ and NO3- pools were measured using the boiling water method</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/861180.rdf
Name: Nitrate_Pool
Units: milligrams NO2- per gram fresh weight (mg NO2- g-1 FW)
Description: <p>Internal NH4+ and NO3- pools were measured using the boiling water method</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/861181.rdf
Name: Ammonium_Uptake_Rate
Units: microMolar per gram fresh weight per hour (uM g-1 FW h-1)
Description: <p>Measured in situ on day twenty of the trials 8 - 10 hours into the light cycle for a period of one hour.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/861182.rdf
Name: Nitrate_Uptake_Rate
Units: micromoles per gram fresh weight per hour (uM g-1 FW h-1)
Description: <p>Measured in situ on day twenty of the trials 8 - 10 hours into the light cycle for a period of one hour.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/861183.rdf
Name: Pmax
Units: micromoles O2 per gram fresh water per minute (uM O2 g FW-1 min-1)
Description: <p>Pmax = maximum photosynthetic rate. A photosynthesis-irradiance (P-I) curve was generated using various photon flux densities from 0 – 700 uM photons m-2 s-1 for 200 seconds each, following a 200 second dark period to measure dark respiration rate. The maximum photosynthetic rate (Pmax), light saturation point (Ik), and photosynthetic efficiency (the initial slope of the P-I curve) (alpha) were determined from the P-I curves.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/861184.rdf
Name: Alpha
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Alpha = photosynthetic efficiency. A photosynthesis-irradiance (P-I) curve was generated using various photon flux densities from 0 – 700 uM photons m-2 s-1 for 200 seconds each, following a 200 second dark period to measure dark respiration rate. The maximum photosynthetic rate (Pmax), light saturation point (Ik), and photosynthetic efficiency (the initial slope of the P-I curve) (alpha) were determined from the P-I curves.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/861185.rdf
Name: Ik
Units: micromoles photons per square meter per second (uM photon m-2 s-1)
Description: <p>lk = light saturation point. A photosynthesis-irradiance (P-I) curve was generated using various photon flux densities from 0 – 700 uM photons m-2 s-1 for 200 seconds each, following a 200 second dark period to measure dark respiration rate. The maximum photosynthetic rate (Pmax), light saturation point (Ik), and photosynthetic efficiency (the initial slope of the P-I curve) (alpha) were determined from the P-I curves.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/861186.rdf
Name: Chl_a
Units: milligrams per gram fresh weight (mg g-1 FW)
Description: <p>Concentration of chlorophyll a + b at the end of the experiment</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/861187.rdf
Name: Tissue_C
Units: micrograms C per milligram dry weight (ug C mg-1 DW)
Description: <p>Average amount of carbon in algal tissue</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/861188.rdf
Name: Tissue_N
Units: micrograms N per milligram dry weight (ug N mg-1 DW)
Description: <p>Average amount of nitrogen in algal tissue</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/861189.rdf
Name: C_N_ratio
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Ratio of carbon to nitrogen in algal tissue</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/861190.rdf
Name: Respiration
Units: micromoles O2 per gram fresh weight per minute (uM O2 g FW-1 min-1)
Description: <p>Respiration rate</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/861191.rdf
Name: DeltaC
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Discrimination of carbon stable isotopes = (d13Csource - d13Cplant) / (1 + d13Cplant)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/861192.rdf
Name: dN
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Ratio of nitrogen stable isotopes 15N:14N</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
3863
https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/bitstream/1912/27625/1/dataset-861111_response-ulva-oa-and-nh4__v1.tsv
download
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.861111.1
download
onLine
dataset
<p>The experiment took place in the laboratory at the Department of Biology, California State University, Northridge. The specimens used in the experiment were collected in Malibu, CA (34° 02' 29.0" N, 118° 34' 03.2" W) on May 26, 2016 for trial 1 and July 5, 2016 for trial 2. Each trial lasted 22 days.</p>
<p><strong>Carbonate Chemistry</strong><br />
Carbonate chemistry parameters were calculated multiple times during each trial using measurements of pH and total alkalinity (AT). AT samples were collected in 50 mL Falcon tubes, stored wrapped in Parafilm at 4°C in the dark, and analyzed within two weeks by potentiometric titration coupled to a pH electrode (Mettler Toledo DGi-115-SC with T5 Rondolino) and thermometer. Most AT samples were measured on the day of sampling. The performance of the machine was checked with each measurement using certified reference material (CRM) from the Dickson laboratory at the Scripps Oceanographic Institute and the pH electrode was calibrated using TRIS buffer (Dickson et al., 2007). A spectrophotometric technique using m-cresol as an indicator dye was used to determine pHT (pH total scale). AT was calculated using potentiometric titration data and pHT using spectrophotometric data in the R-package Seacarb V 3.0.14 (Lavigne et al., 2011).</p>
<p><strong>Nitrate reductase activity</strong><br />
An in vivo assay of nitrate reductase activity (NRA) was done according to the methods of Thompson &amp; Valiela (1999) resulting in a colorimetric reaction with NO2- produced via NRA under dark, anoxic conditions. Absorbance was measured at 540 nm using a spectrophotometer.</p>
<p><strong>Nutrient Analysis</strong><br />
NH4+ concentrations in the culture tanks were measured with a fluorometric method using OPA (Holmes et al., 1999) with the suggested modifications of Taylor et al. (2007), which included using an improved method for measuring background fluorescence. The raw fluorescence measurement of a sample was calibrated to a standard curve of an NH4+ stock solution using the standard additions protocol I of Taylor et al. (2007) which accounts for matrix effects that can alter fluorescence measurements.</p>
<p>NO3- concentrations in the culture tanks were determined from samples sent to the University of California, Santa Barbara Marine Science Institute Analytical Lab and were analyzed using a Lachat Instruments flow injection analysis instrument (QuikChem 8000).</p>
<p><strong>Nutrient uptake rates</strong><br />
Uptake rates of NH4+ and NO3- were measured in situ on day twenty of the trials 8 – 10 hours into the light cycle for a period of one hour. The formula for chemostat nutrient uptake by Carmona et al. (1996) was used to determine nutrient uptake rates.</p>
<p><strong>CN analyses and carbon stable isotope ratios</strong><br />
Tissue samples were dried for 24 hours at 60 degrees Celsisu. Dried samples were prepared for analysis by homogenizing samples using a metal laboratory scoop, cleaned with ethanol between each sample, which resulted in a fine power. Then, approximately 3 mg of the Ulva lactuca tissue powder was measured using an analytical balance (Mettler Toledo XP205) into a tin capsule and carefully enclosed with clean forceps. The tin capsules were put into 96-well tray plates and sent to the University of California, Davis Stable Isotope Facility (UCD-SIF). The samples were analyzed for δ15N and δ13C using the elemental analysis – isotope ratio mass spectrometry technique, which also provides results for tissue C and N content.</p>
<p><strong>Seawater carbon stable isotopes</strong><br />
Seawater samples for delta13C of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) were stored in 20 mL glass vials with cone lids to exclude air from sample. Samples were stored at room temperature in low light until prepared for analysis using the exetainer gas evolution technique for DIC (Li et al., 2007). Then, the samples were sent to the UCD-SIF for analysis using the GasBench – isotope ratio mass spectrometry technique.</p>
<p><strong>Internal soluble nitrogen pools</strong><br />
Internal NH4+ and NO3- pools were measured using the boiling water method (Hurd et al., 1996). One piece (0.04 ± 0.02 g FW, mean ± SEM) from each treatment was rinsed with deionized water to remove salt and nutrients on the surface. The pieces were placed in test tubes with 15 mL of deionized water and placed in a boiling water bath for 40 minutes. The water was decanted and analyzed for NH4+ and NO3-. This process was repeated on the same algal piece three times and the concentrations of internal soluble NH4+ and NO3- pools were calculated using the sum of the NH4+ and NO3- concentrations of the three water samples of each algal piece.</p>
<p><strong>Soluble protein and carbohydrates</strong><br />
Pieces of Ulva lactuca tissue (0.04 ± 0.004 g FW, mean ± SEM) were ground in a mortar and pestle in 2 mL of a β-mercaptoethanol buffer, pH 7.5 and stored at 4°C for up to 72 hours. The extract was centrifuged at 16,000 g for 5 minutes. Soluble proteins and carbohydrates were determined spectrophotometrically (Milton Roy Spectronic Genesys 5) using the supernatant fraction. Soluble proteins were determined according to Bradford (1976) and soluble carbohydrates were determined using the phenol-sulfuric acid method according to Kochert (1978).</p>
<p><strong>Chlorophyll a</strong><br />
Chlorophyll a was extracted in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and methanol according to the methods of Duncan and Harrison 1982. Pieces of Ulva lactuca tissue (0.5 g FW) were placed in 1.25 mL of 80% DMSO for 10 minutes, and then suspended in two sequential 3 mL solutions of methanol for 10 min each to complete the extraction. The absorbance of the DMSO and methanol were measured using a spectrophotometer at the wavelengths indicated in the formulas below. The absorbance at each wavelength, volume of solvent, and the fresh weight of a fragment were used to calculate the concentration of Chl a from each solvent using the following formulas:</p>
<p>DMSO Solution Chl a (mg g⁻¹) = [ (A<sub>665</sub>/(72.8)) * 1000 ] / g FW</p>
<p>Methanol solution Chl a (mg g⁻¹) = (13.8A<sub>668</sub> - 1.3A<sub>635</sub>) / g FW</p>
<p>The Chl a concentration was the sum of the concentrations of the DMSO and methanol extracts.</p>
<p><strong>Photosynthetic rates</strong><br />
Photosynthetic O2 evolution rates were measured using the Qubit systems O2 electrode in a water-jacketed cuvette connected to a laptop using a LabProTM interface. Small pieces of Ulva lactuca (1 – 2 cm2) were cut from thalli at least one hour prior to measurements. The pieces were placed in 20 mL of culture water at 16°C in a 2 cm2 mesh bag which held the pieces at a 90° angle to the Qubit LED light source. A photosynthesis-irradiance (P-I) curve was generated using various photon flux densities from 0 – 700 μM photons m-2 s-1 for 200 seconds each, following a 200 second dark period to measure dark respiration rate. The maximum photosynthetic rate (Pmax), light saturation point (Ik), and photosynthetic efficiency (the initial slope of the P-I curve) (α) were determined from the P-I curves.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
<p><strong>Data Processing</strong><br />
General linear mixed models (GLMM) were used to evaluate the physiological responses of Ulva lactuca to a range of pCO2 and NH4+ concentrations. Data analysis was done in R using the lmer4 and AICcmodavg packages (Mazerolle 2017).</p>
<p><strong>BCO-DMO Processing</strong><br />
- Renamed fields to conform with BCO-DMO naming conventions.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
chemostat
chemostat
PI Supplied Instrument Name: chemostat Instrument Name: Chemostat Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: Devices in which controlled conditions are maintained for a chemical process to be carried out by organisms or biochemically active substances derived from such organisms.
Lachat Instruments flow injection analysis instrument (QuikChem 8000)
Lachat Instruments flow injection analysis instrument (QuikChem 8000)
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Lachat Instruments flow injection analysis instrument (QuikChem 8000) PI Supplied Instrument Description:NO3- concentrations in the culture tanks were determined from samples sent to the University of California, Santa Barbara Marine Science Institute Analytical Lab and were analyzed using a Lachat Instruments flow injection analysis instrument (QuikChem 8000) Instrument Name: Flow Injection Analyzer Instrument Short Name:FIA Instrument Description: An instrument that performs flow injection analysis. Flow injection analysis (FIA) is an approach to chemical analysis that is accomplished by injecting a plug of sample into a flowing carrier stream. FIA is an automated method in which a sample is injected into a continuous flow of a carrier solution that mixes with other continuously flowing solutions before reaching a detector. Precision is dramatically increased when FIA is used instead of manual injections and as a result very specific FIA systems have been developed for a wide array of analytical techniques. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB36/
elemental analysis – isotope ratio mass spectrometry
elemental analysis – isotope ratio mass spectrometry
PI Supplied Instrument Name: elemental analysis – isotope ratio mass spectrometry PI Supplied Instrument Description:Samples were analyzed for δ15N and δ13C using the elemental analysis – isotope ratio mass spectrometry technique, which also provides results for tissue C and N content Instrument Name: Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer Instrument Short Name:IR Mass Spec; IRMS Instrument Description: The Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer is a particular type of mass spectrometer used to measure the relative abundance of isotopes in a given sample (e.g. VG Prism II Isotope Ratio Mass-Spectrometer). Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB16/
Qubit LED light
Qubit LED light
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Qubit LED light Instrument Name: LED light Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor light source that emits light when current flows through it. Electrons in the semiconductor recombine with electron holes, releasing energy in the form of photons.
Mass flow controlled (MFC) gas mixing system
Mass flow controlled (MFC) gas mixing system
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Mass flow controlled (MFC) gas mixing system PI Supplied Instrument Description:Mass flow controlled (MFC) gas mixing system (Qubit Systems, Ontario, Canada) Instrument Name: Mass Flow Controller Instrument Short Name:MFC Instrument Description: Mass Flow Controller (MFC) - A device used to measure and control the flow of fluids and gases
OrionStar A329
OrionStar A329
PI Supplied Instrument Name: OrionStar A329 PI Supplied Instrument Description:pHT was calculated from daily measurements of conductivity, salinity, and temperature (Thermo scientific, OrionStar A329) Instrument Name: Multi Parameter Portable Meter Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: An analytical instrument that can measure multiple parameters, such as pH, EC, TDS, DO and temperature with one device and is portable or hand-held.
Qubit systems O2 electrode
Qubit systems O2 electrode
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Qubit systems O2 electrode PI Supplied Instrument Description:Photosynthetic O2 evolution rates were measured using the Qubit systems O2 electrode in a water-jacketed cuvette connected to a laptop using a LabProTM interface Instrument Name: Oxygen Sensor Instrument Short Name:Dissolved Oxygen Sensor Instrument Description: An electronic device that measures the proportion of oxygen (O2) in the gas or liquid being analyzed
Mettler Toledo DGi-115-SC
Mettler Toledo DGi-115-SC
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Mettler Toledo DGi-115-SC PI Supplied Instrument Description:pH electrode for total alkalinity (Mettler Toledo DGi-115-SC with T5 Rondolino). The performance of the machine was checked with each measurement using certified reference material (CRM) from the Dickson laboratory at the Scripps Oceanographic Institute and the pH electrode was calibrated using TRIS buffer. Instrument Name: pH Sensor Instrument Short Name:pH Sensor Instrument Description: An instrument that measures the hydrogen ion activity in solutions.
The overall concentration of hydrogen ions is inversely related to its pH. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14 and indicates whether acidic (more H+) or basic (less H+).
Milton Roy Spectronic Genesys 5
Milton Roy Spectronic Genesys 5
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Milton Roy Spectronic Genesys 5 PI Supplied Instrument Description:Soluble proteins, carbohydrates, and chl a were determined spectrophotometrically (Milton Roy Spectronic Genesys 5) Instrument Name: Spectrophotometer Instrument Short Name:Spectrophotometer Instrument Description: An instrument used to measure the relative absorption of electromagnetic radiation of different wavelengths in the near infra-red, visible and ultraviolet wavebands by samples. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB20/