http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/864434
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2021-11-08
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Radiochemistry data for fluids sampled from the Lost City Hydrothermal Field at the Atlantis Massif in 2018
2021-11-15
publication
2021-11-15
revision
Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA)
2022-01-11
publication
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.864434.1
Willard S. Moore
University of South Carolina
principalInvestigator
Claudia R. Benitez-Nelson
University of South Carolina
principalInvestigator
Jessica D. Frankle
University of South Carolina
principalInvestigator
Gretchen Fruh-Green
ETH-Zurich
principalInvestigator
Susan Q. Lang
University of South Carolina
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Moore, W. S., Frankle, J. D., Benitez-Nelson, C. R., Fruh-Green, G., Lang, S. Q. (2022) Radiochemistry data for fluids sampled from the Lost City Hydrothermal Field at the Atlantis Massif in 2018. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2021-11-15 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.864434.1 [access date]
Lost City Fluids - Radium Dataset Description: Methods and Sampling: <p>Fluid samples were collected in September 2018 during the AT42-01 expedition of the R/V <em>Atlantis</em> with the remotely operated vehicle (ROV) <em>Jason II</em> using the Hydrothermal Organic Geochemistry (HOG) sampler that shunts fluid from a titanium intake into pre-cleaned Kynar® bags (Lang and Benitez-Nelson, 2021). Fluid samples were collected into either 2-liter (L) or 11-liter (L) kynar bags that were acid washed (10% HCl soak overnight, followed by thorough rinsing, overnight Milli-Q soak, and further rinsing).</p>
<p>As an initial exploratory test, two fluid aliquots (0.500 L each) from Marker C (J2-1110-LV16) and Sombrero (J2-1111-LV16) were processed at sea before freezing. Radium in the fluid (Ra<sub>w</sub>) was directly co-precipitated with 5 milliliters (mL) of 1M barium nitrate and 25 mL of saturated sodium sulfate, which quantitatively removes radium with the barium sulfate (BaSO<sub>4</sub>) precipitate from seawater (van der Loeff and Moore, 1999). Although the samples were not filtered, no significant particles were observed prior to precipitation. The BaSO<sub>4</sub> precipitates were stored and measured onshore multiple times by gamma-ray spectrometry beginning two weeks later.</p>
<p>On shore, six additional vent fluid samples (0.100 to 0.500 L) were selected for analysis: a duplicate sample from Sombrero (J2-1111-LV16) and single samples from Marker 2 (J2-1107-Chem7), Beehive (J2-1108-Chem3), Marker 8 (J2-1110-Chem5), Marker 3 (J2-1111-Chem4), and Calypso (J2-1108-Chem7). The frozen samples were thawed and the liquid was transferred to a beaker. In some cases, particles that settled quickly were observed in the bottom of the beaker. These particles were not quantified or analyzed. After decanting, the liquid volume was measured and the samples were pH-adjusted to ~7 with 1N HCl as necessary. These six samples were slowly filtered (&lt; 1 L min-1) by gravity through a column containing 15 g of manganese dioxide-coated acrylic fiber (Mn-fiber), which preferentially removes radium, thorium, and actinium from the fluid (Moore 1976, 2008). The efficiency of removal was evaluated by passing each filtrate through a second column of new Mn-fiber.</p>
<p>The two exploratory fluid samples processed at sea were measured in the lab by gamma spectrometry. The activity (decays per minute or dpm) of <sup>223</sup>Ra from the sample from Marker C was identified based on characteristic 223Ra and progeny gamma peaks at 144, 155, 269, 271, and 402 keV (Firestone, 1999). This sample was recounted four times over the next 60 days to confirm the presence of dissolved <sup>223</sup>Ra (<sup>223</sup>Raw) based on its 11.4 day half-life. Each measurement agreed within 5% of the others when corrected for 223Ra decay. Final <sup>223</sup>Ra activity of this sample is based on the mean of five decay-corrected measurements (16 to 60 days since collection) of the combined 269+271 keV peaks; the error of the measurement is the standard deviation of these measurements. The five counting periods fit an exponential curve (activity versus time) with a half-life of 11.5 days. The exploratory sample from Sombrero was recounted one time. The<sup> 223</sup>Raw is based on the decay-corrected first measurement; the error is based on the net number of counts recorded in the 269+271 keV peak. The gamma detector was calibrated using a <sup>227</sup>Ac standard precipitated with BaSO<sub>4</sub> prepared from a solution described by Le Roy et al. (2019). There was no measurable peak at 238 keV where the <sup>228</sup>Th - <sup>224</sup>Ra couple has a characteristic gamma peak. Because 223Ra has daughters that produce gamma rays in the 351 keV region, where normally <sup>214</sup>Pb is measured as a<sup> 226</sup>Ra proxy, samples were aged for more than three months until all <sup>223</sup>Ra had decayed before remeasurement for 226Ra. Measurements made after three months had no activity in the 269+271 keV region, meaning<sup> 227</sup>Ac (half-life = 21.7 y), the grandparent of 223Ra, was below detection in the two exploratory samples.</p>
<p>The <sup>223</sup>Raw activities of six additional samples were determined using a Radium Delayed Coincidence Counter System (RaDeCC system; Moore and Arnold, 1996). This system identifies 224Ra (half-life = 3.66 d) and 223Ra based on the coincidence timing of their decay products. The <sup>223</sup>Ra efficiency was determined by the procedure of Moore and Cai (2013) and was verified using a <sup>227</sup>Ac standard described by Le Roy et al. (2019). After extraction of the radium, the Mn-fibers were rinsed with de-ionized water and dried with compressed air to achieve an approximate 1:1 fiber to moisture weight ratio. The six fluid samples were counted within a month of collection. Only 223Ra was determined due to <sup>224</sup>Ra decay prior to analysis. Most samples were recounted for 900 to 1200 minutes two to four times over the next two weeks to follow the characteristic <sup>223</sup>Ra decay. For samples measured multiple times, the decay-corrected mean of these measurements was taken as the final activity; the error of the measurement was taken as the standard deviation of the multiple decay-corrected measurements. One sample recorded zero counts for 223Ra during a 1200-minute period. The <sup>223</sup>Ra for this sample is therefore considered to be below the detection limit (bdl). None of the reprocessed samples contained more than 2% of the activity of the initial column, indicating the first extraction was close to 100%. After these initial counts, the Mn-fiber samples were stored for five months to allow all initial <sup>223</sup>Ra to decay and were then measured again to determine <sup>227</sup>Ac and <sup>228</sup>Th (Shaw and Moore, 2002).</p>
<p>After RaDeCC analysis was completed, Ra was leached from the Mn-fiber with a solution of 1N hydroxylamine hydrochloride and 1N hydrochloric acid (van der Loeff and Moore, 1999). Radium was co-precipitated with BaSO4 as described for the initial fluid samples and measured by gamma ray spectrometry (Moore, 1984) to quantify long-lived Ra isotopes, similar to the process followed for the exploratory fluid samples. The low activities required five to eight-day counts. We only used the 351 keV peak to calculate <sup>226</sup>Ra. No peaks above background appeared in the <sup>228</sup>Ra, <sup>228</sup>Th, or <sup>227</sup>Ac regions of the spectra. The gamma detector was calibrated with NIST standard solutions for <sup>226</sup>Ra and <sup>228</sup>Ra in a BaSO<sub>4</sub> matrix.</p>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1536702 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1536702
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1736321 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1736321
completed
Willard S. Moore
University of South Carolina
Department of Earth & Ocean Sciences EWS 617, 701 Sumter St.
Columbia
SC
29208
USA
moore@geol.sc.edu
pointOfContact
Claudia R. Benitez-Nelson
University of South Carolina
803-777-0525
School of the Earth, Ocean and Environment 701 Sumter Street
Columbia
SC
29208
USA
benitezn@mailbox.sc.edu
pointOfContact
Jessica D. Frankle
University of South Carolina
701 Sumter St. EWS 617
Columbia
SC
29208
USA
jfrankle@mote.org
pointOfContact
Gretchen Fruh-Green
ETH-Zurich
41-44-632-3794
NW E 76.2 Clausiusstrasse 25
Zurich
8092
Switzerland
frueh-green@erdw.ethz.ch
pointOfContact
Susan Q. Lang
University of South Carolina
803-777-8832
School of the Earth Ocean and Environment 701 Sumter St. EWS 617
Columbia
SC
29208
USA
slang@geol.sc.edu
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: 1
Unknown
Sample_Name
Vent
ISO_DateTime_UTC
Latitude
Longitude
Depth
Average_T
Highest_T
pH_25_degreesC
Magnesium
Measured_223Ra_water
Measured_223Ra_water_err
Measured_226Ra_water
Measured_226Ra_water_err
Measured_227Ac_water
Measured_228Thw
Endmember_223Ra_water
Endmember_226Ra_water
Activity_ratio_223Ra_226Ra_water
Gamma Spectrometer, ORTEC
Radium Delayed Coincidence Counter System (RaDeCC system)
theme
None, User defined
sample identification
site
ISO_DateTime_UTC
latitude
longitude
depth
water temperature at measurement depth
pH
Magnesium
radium-223
standard error
radium-226
actinium-227
radioactive isotope concentration
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
Gamma Ray Spectrometer
Radium Delayed Coincidence Counter
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
AT42-01
service
Deployment Activity
Woods Hole, MA to San Juan, PR; Lost City hydrothermal field
place
Locations
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
Collaborative Research: Investigating the Lost City as an ultramafic urban center of the subseafloor, fueled by energy and carbon from the mantle
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/658604
Collaborative Research: Investigating the Lost City as an ultramafic urban center of the subseafloor, fueled by energy and carbon from the mantle
<p><em>NSF Award Abstract:</em><br />
The vast majority of deep seafloor sediments are inhabited by microbial communities that survive under extreme energy limitation, with apparent generation times of centuries to millennia. Hydrothermal systems are a stark contrast to these energy-starved environments and may represent important, high-activity, 'population centers' in the oceanic subsurface. When rocks from the Earth's mantle are uplifted and exposed to water, the resulting reactions lead to acidic fluids with high concentrations of hydrogen. Under certain circumstances, small organic molecules such as methane can also form in the absence of biology. These compounds can provide energy to subseafloor microbial communities and, given the ubiquity of mantle rocks, such reactions may fuel a significant proportion of the active subsurface biosphere. The current project will characterize the microbial communities inhabiting an iconic example of this type of system, the Lost City Hydrothermal Field, using a remotely operated vehicle. The ghostly spires of Lost City are highly telegenic and have been featured in professional documentaries. The high definition underwater video footage collected during the expedition will provide the raw material for an 8 week educational training program in digital media focused on kindergarten through 12th grade high school students and undergraduate students. The resulting short documentaries will be published on YouTube and the Utah Education Network.</p>
<p>Mantle rocks comprise significant portions of the seafloor, and microbial communities hosted within them may be important mediators of carbon and energy exchange between the deep Earth and the surface biosphere. Upon tectonic uplift and exposure to water, the serpentinization of these materials releases potential energy in the form of hydrogen, methane, and heat, and further reaction of these products can sustain the abiogenic synthesis of small organic molecules. Recent studies have highlighted, however, the lack of alkalithermophiles that are capable of survival at the high pH (9-11) and elevated temperatures found in these systems. The almost complete lack of carbon dioxide (CO2) represents a second, and possibly more significant, limitation to growth. To better understand the extent of the serpentinite subsurface, this project will address the question: What limits biological activity in the serpentinite subsurface? Specifically, the proposed work will test the hypotheses: (1) microbial diversity spans a wider range of temperature-pH conditions than currently recognized and (2) the scarcity of CO2 is a key biological limitation to serpentinization-driven ecosystems that can be overcome by the metabolic activity of one or a few foundation species. These hypotheses will be tested during a 20 day (10 days on site) expedition to the Lost City Hydrothermal Field, focusing on fluids as windows to the subsurface biosphere. The sampling approach will capitalize on the differences in temperature, carbon availability, and microbial activity across the field. The analytical approach will integrate multidisciplinary techniques performed on replicate subsamples and feature the application of next-generation sequencing technologies to these marine serpentinizing fluids for the first time. This study will generate extensive sequence data from environmental DNA, environmental mRNA, and single-cell genomes, allowing us to identify the in situ expression of metabolic pathways and the genomics of active single cells. These efforts will be closely linked with a thorough characterization of carbon in these fluids that will focus on identifying available substrates (e.g. methane, CO2, organic acids) and on characterizing biomarkers that reflect specific metabolic pathways (e.g. lipids, amino acids).</p>
Lost City Limits to Life
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
oceans
Woods Hole, MA to San Juan, PR; Lost City hydrothermal field
-42.1206786
-42.11929812
30.1237
30.12435475
2018-09-16
2018-09-21
Lost City Hydrothermal Field
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Radiochemistry data for fluids sampled from the Lost City Hydrothermal Field at the Atlantis Massif in 2018
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/867800.rdf
Name: Sample_Name
Units: unitless
Description: <p>sample name</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/867801.rdf
Name: Vent
Units: unitless
Description: <p>vent site</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/867802.rdf
Name: ISO_DateTime_UTC
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Date and time of sample in format: YYYY-MM-DD</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/867803.rdf
Name: Latitude
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>latitude North</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/867804.rdf
Name: Longitude
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>longitude East (West is Negative)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/867805.rdf
Name: Depth
Units: meters
Description: <p>water depth</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/867806.rdf
Name: Average_T
Units: degrees celcius
Description: <p>Average temperature while sample was collected</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/867807.rdf
Name: Highest_T
Units: degrees celcius
Description: <p>Highest recorded temperature while sample was collected</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/867808.rdf
Name: pH_25_degreesC
Units: unitless
Description: <p>pH as determined shipboard, at 25C, atmospheric pressure</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/867809.rdf
Name: Magnesium
Units: mmol per liter
Description: <p>concentration of magnesium ion in fluids</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/867810.rdf
Name: Measured_223Ra_water
Units: decays per minute per liter
Description: <p>Measured Radium-223 activity in the fluids</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/867811.rdf
Name: Measured_223Ra_water_err
Units: units
Description: <p>standard error</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/867812.rdf
Name: Measured_226Ra_water
Units: decays per minute per liter
Description: <p>Measured Radium-226 activity in the fluids</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/867813.rdf
Name: Measured_226Ra_water_err
Units: units
Description: <p>standard error</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/867814.rdf
Name: Measured_227Ac_water
Units: decays per minute per liter
Description: <p>Measured Actinium-227 activity in the fluids</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/867815.rdf
Name: Measured_228Thw
Units: decays per minute per liter
Description: <p>Measured Thorium-228 activity in the fluids</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/867816.rdf
Name: Endmember_223Ra_water
Units: decays per minute per liter
Description: <p>Calculated activity of Radium-223 in pure endmember hydrothermal fluid</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/867817.rdf
Name: Endmember_226Ra_water
Units: decays per minute per liter
Description: <p>Calculated activity of Radium-226 in pure endmember hydrothermal fluid</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/867818.rdf
Name: Activity_ratio_223Ra_226Ra_water
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Activity ratio of 223Radium / 226 Radium in fluids</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
1322
https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/bitstream/1912/27910/1/dataset-864434_lost-city-fluids-radium__v1.tsv
download
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.864434.1
download
onLine
dataset
<p>Fluid samples were collected in September 2018 during the AT42-01 expedition of the R/V <em>Atlantis</em> with the remotely operated vehicle (ROV) <em>Jason II</em> using the Hydrothermal Organic Geochemistry (HOG) sampler that shunts fluid from a titanium intake into pre-cleaned Kynar® bags (Lang and Benitez-Nelson, 2021). Fluid samples were collected into either 2-liter (L) or 11-liter (L) kynar bags that were acid washed (10% HCl soak overnight, followed by thorough rinsing, overnight Milli-Q soak, and further rinsing).</p>
<p>As an initial exploratory test, two fluid aliquots (0.500 L each) from Marker C (J2-1110-LV16) and Sombrero (J2-1111-LV16) were processed at sea before freezing. Radium in the fluid (Ra<sub>w</sub>) was directly co-precipitated with 5 milliliters (mL) of 1M barium nitrate and 25 mL of saturated sodium sulfate, which quantitatively removes radium with the barium sulfate (BaSO<sub>4</sub>) precipitate from seawater (van der Loeff and Moore, 1999). Although the samples were not filtered, no significant particles were observed prior to precipitation. The BaSO<sub>4</sub> precipitates were stored and measured onshore multiple times by gamma-ray spectrometry beginning two weeks later.</p>
<p>On shore, six additional vent fluid samples (0.100 to 0.500 L) were selected for analysis: a duplicate sample from Sombrero (J2-1111-LV16) and single samples from Marker 2 (J2-1107-Chem7), Beehive (J2-1108-Chem3), Marker 8 (J2-1110-Chem5), Marker 3 (J2-1111-Chem4), and Calypso (J2-1108-Chem7). The frozen samples were thawed and the liquid was transferred to a beaker. In some cases, particles that settled quickly were observed in the bottom of the beaker. These particles were not quantified or analyzed. After decanting, the liquid volume was measured and the samples were pH-adjusted to ~7 with 1N HCl as necessary. These six samples were slowly filtered (&lt; 1 L min-1) by gravity through a column containing 15 g of manganese dioxide-coated acrylic fiber (Mn-fiber), which preferentially removes radium, thorium, and actinium from the fluid (Moore 1976, 2008). The efficiency of removal was evaluated by passing each filtrate through a second column of new Mn-fiber.</p>
<p>The two exploratory fluid samples processed at sea were measured in the lab by gamma spectrometry. The activity (decays per minute or dpm) of <sup>223</sup>Ra from the sample from Marker C was identified based on characteristic 223Ra and progeny gamma peaks at 144, 155, 269, 271, and 402 keV (Firestone, 1999). This sample was recounted four times over the next 60 days to confirm the presence of dissolved <sup>223</sup>Ra (<sup>223</sup>Raw) based on its 11.4 day half-life. Each measurement agreed within 5% of the others when corrected for 223Ra decay. Final <sup>223</sup>Ra activity of this sample is based on the mean of five decay-corrected measurements (16 to 60 days since collection) of the combined 269+271 keV peaks; the error of the measurement is the standard deviation of these measurements. The five counting periods fit an exponential curve (activity versus time) with a half-life of 11.5 days. The exploratory sample from Sombrero was recounted one time. The<sup> 223</sup>Raw is based on the decay-corrected first measurement; the error is based on the net number of counts recorded in the 269+271 keV peak. The gamma detector was calibrated using a <sup>227</sup>Ac standard precipitated with BaSO<sub>4</sub> prepared from a solution described by Le Roy et al. (2019). There was no measurable peak at 238 keV where the <sup>228</sup>Th - <sup>224</sup>Ra couple has a characteristic gamma peak. Because 223Ra has daughters that produce gamma rays in the 351 keV region, where normally <sup>214</sup>Pb is measured as a<sup> 226</sup>Ra proxy, samples were aged for more than three months until all <sup>223</sup>Ra had decayed before remeasurement for 226Ra. Measurements made after three months had no activity in the 269+271 keV region, meaning<sup> 227</sup>Ac (half-life = 21.7 y), the grandparent of 223Ra, was below detection in the two exploratory samples.</p>
<p>The <sup>223</sup>Raw activities of six additional samples were determined using a Radium Delayed Coincidence Counter System (RaDeCC system; Moore and Arnold, 1996). This system identifies 224Ra (half-life = 3.66 d) and 223Ra based on the coincidence timing of their decay products. The <sup>223</sup>Ra efficiency was determined by the procedure of Moore and Cai (2013) and was verified using a <sup>227</sup>Ac standard described by Le Roy et al. (2019). After extraction of the radium, the Mn-fibers were rinsed with de-ionized water and dried with compressed air to achieve an approximate 1:1 fiber to moisture weight ratio. The six fluid samples were counted within a month of collection. Only 223Ra was determined due to <sup>224</sup>Ra decay prior to analysis. Most samples were recounted for 900 to 1200 minutes two to four times over the next two weeks to follow the characteristic <sup>223</sup>Ra decay. For samples measured multiple times, the decay-corrected mean of these measurements was taken as the final activity; the error of the measurement was taken as the standard deviation of the multiple decay-corrected measurements. One sample recorded zero counts for 223Ra during a 1200-minute period. The <sup>223</sup>Ra for this sample is therefore considered to be below the detection limit (bdl). None of the reprocessed samples contained more than 2% of the activity of the initial column, indicating the first extraction was close to 100%. After these initial counts, the Mn-fiber samples were stored for five months to allow all initial <sup>223</sup>Ra to decay and were then measured again to determine <sup>227</sup>Ac and <sup>228</sup>Th (Shaw and Moore, 2002).</p>
<p>After RaDeCC analysis was completed, Ra was leached from the Mn-fiber with a solution of 1N hydroxylamine hydrochloride and 1N hydrochloric acid (van der Loeff and Moore, 1999). Radium was co-precipitated with BaSO4 as described for the initial fluid samples and measured by gamma ray spectrometry (Moore, 1984) to quantify long-lived Ra isotopes, similar to the process followed for the exploratory fluid samples. The low activities required five to eight-day counts. We only used the 351 keV peak to calculate <sup>226</sup>Ra. No peaks above background appeared in the <sup>228</sup>Ra, <sup>228</sup>Th, or <sup>227</sup>Ac regions of the spectra. The gamma detector was calibrated with NIST standard solutions for <sup>226</sup>Ra and <sup>228</sup>Ra in a BaSO<sub>4</sub> matrix.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
<p><strong>Data Processing:</strong><br />
HYPERMET software&nbsp;(Phillips and Marlow, 1976) was used in data processing.</p>
<p>Errors are expressed as 1σ. Some samples were likely contaminated by particles (denoted using an asterisk (*)), others were based on very few net counts (Measured_227Ac_water and Measured_228Thw). Some sample measurements were below detection level (denoted by "bdl").</p>
<p><strong>BCO-DMO Processing:</strong><br />
- Adjusted field/parameter names to comply with BCO-DMO naming conventions;<br />
- Missing data identifier "--" replaced with "nd" (BCO-DMO's default missing data identifier);<br />
- Created separate columns for the error values associated with "Measured_223Ra_water" and "Measured_226Ra_water";<br />
- Added a conventional header with dataset name, PI names, version date.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
Gamma Spectrometer, ORTEC
Gamma Spectrometer, ORTEC
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Gamma Spectrometer, ORTEC Instrument Name: Gamma Ray Spectrometer Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: Instruments measuring the relative levels of electromagnetic radiation of different wavelengths in the gamma-ray waveband.
Radium Delayed Coincidence Counter System (RaDeCC system)
Radium Delayed Coincidence Counter System (RaDeCC system)
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Radium Delayed Coincidence Counter System (RaDeCC system) PI Supplied Instrument Description:Moore and Arnold, 1996 Instrument Name: Radium Delayed Coincidence Counter Instrument Short Name:RaDeCC Instrument Description: The RaDeCC is an alpha scintillation counter that distinguishes decay events of short-lived radium daughter products based on their contrasting half-lives. This system was pioneered by Giffin et al. (1963) and adapted for radium measurements by Moore and Arnold (1996).
References:
Giffin, C., A. Kaufman, W.S. Broecker (1963). Delayed coincidence counter for the assay of actinon and thoron. J. Geophys. Res., 68, pp. 1749-1757.
Moore, W.S., R. Arnold (1996). Measurement of 223Ra and 224Ra in coastal waters using a delayed coincidence counter. J. Geophys. Res., 101 (1996), pp. 1321-1329.
Charette, Matthew A.; Dulaiova, Henrieta; Gonneea, Meagan E.; Henderson, Paul B.; Moore, Willard S.; Scholten, Jan C.; Pham, M. K. (2012). GEOTRACES radium isotopes interlaboratory comparison experiment. Limnology and Oceanography - Methods, vol 10, pg 451.
Cruise: AT42-01
AT42-01
R/V Atlantis
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Atlantis
vessel
AT42-01
Susan Q. Lang
University of South Carolina
https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/docs/Lost_City_Limits_to_Life/data_docs/AT42-01_Cruise%20Report_reduced.pdf
Report describing AT42-01
R/V Atlantis
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Atlantis
vessel