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            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/865909.rdf" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Organic carbon, carbonate, and opal data from Multitracers sediment trap samples</gmx:Anchor>
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        <gco:CharacterString>Multitracers Biogenic Concentration Data Dataset Description:  Methods and Sampling: &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sample collection&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
During the Multitracers Project (September 1987 to July 1991) bottom-moored sediments traps were deployed at three stations (Nearshore, Midway, and Gyre) in the Northeast Pacific Ocean.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Each mooring had sediment traps deployed at 500 m (Year 1 only), 1000 m, 1500 and/or 1750 m, and 500 m above the bottom (~2300 m at the Nearshore and Midway stations and ~3200 m at the Gyre site). Most traps, with the exception of the 1500 m trap, had 6 sample cups. The 1500 m traps, referred to as Whizbang (WzB) traps, had 13 sample cups. Data for cup opening dates and the number of days each cup was open are provided in this dataset.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The trap sample cups were filled with unfiltered seawater collected from the near-bottom trap depth at each site and poisoned with 15g/L of sodium azide. To compare the effects of different &amp;quot;preservatives&amp;quot; a pair of traps were deployed at the Nearshore site (1750 m water depth) in Year 3; one set of cups was poisoned with sodium azide and the others preserved with formalin. No special trace metal clean sampling procedures were utilized during the Mulitracers Project; however, the traps were constructed out of plastic and fiberglass thus reducing possible trace metal contamination.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;When the sediment traps were recovered the sample cups were removed, sealed, and not opened until they were ready to be processed in the laboratory. Once back at the lab the samples were allowed to sit undisturbed until the particulate material had settled. Once opened the supernatant was poured off and then used to rinse the particulate fraction through a 2 mm sieve. The ≥2 mm size-fraction was transferred to a bottle containing formalin and refrigerated for future use. The &amp;amp;lt;2 mm size-fraction, which was used in this study, was split into 10 aliquots. Between 1 and 4 aliquots were frozen for future use. The other 6 to 9 aliquots were centrifuged and the supernatant was discarded. These samples were then rinsed with buffered distilled water and centrifuged; this step was carried out twice. Finally, the samples were freeze-dried and then homogenized using either an agate pestle and mortar or a Wig-L-Bug grinding mill with plastic vials.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Analytical methods&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
Particulate organic carbon (POC) concentrations were determined by measuring the total carbon using an elemental analyzer and then subtracting the percent carbonate carbon that was measured by coulometry. The amount of organic matter (OM) is 2.5 x the %Corg and the amount of carbonate (i.e., CaCO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;) is 8.33 x %Ccarb. The opal concentration was determined by Na&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;CO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; extraction of the opal followed by Atomic Adsorption Spectrophotometry analysis of the extracted Si (% Opal = Si x 2.59; Collier pers. comm.).&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Known problems/issues&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
In Year 1, the 500 m trap at the Nearshore station failed after the third cup, presumably due to clogging during a high flux event. There is also evidence that the 500 m trap at the Gyre site under-collected material (i.e., lower fluxes at 500 m compared to 1000 m). The 1500 m trap, which was only deployed at the Nearshore station in Year 1, appears to have failed partway through or was programmed incorrectly. Other failed traps are indicated by MTT (column 1) and a sample description of &amp;quot;bulk&amp;quot; (column 2).&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The Gyre mooring deployed in Year 3 was not recovered until Year 4 and is therefore named Gyre-4. However, the Date the Cup Opened (column 10) clearly shows these samples were collected between 9/21/89 and 6/25/90 (i.e., Year 3 and much of Year 4).&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;</gco:CharacterString>
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        <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/award/865918.rdf" xlink:title="OCE-8609366" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-8609366 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=8609366</gmx:Anchor>
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        <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/award/865921.rdf" xlink:title="OCE-8919956" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-8919956 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=8919956</gmx:Anchor>
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        <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/award/865923.rdf" xlink:title="OCE-8812340" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-8812340 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=8812340</gmx:Anchor>
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        <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/award/865926.rdf" xlink:title="OCE-9000945" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-9000945 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=9000945</gmx:Anchor>
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An important goal of the Multitracers Project is to quantify paleoproductivity (defined as organic carbon flux out of the euphotic zone) off the coast of Oregon from the peak of the last glacial maximum to the present. By accomplishing this goal the PIs will also develop paleoproductivity tracers that can be applied elsewhere in the oceans, and establish the limitations of each tracer. Three sediment trap moorings forming a transect away from the Oregon coast are a key aspect of the tracer calibration. The approach is to apply multipletracers for productivity the bulk organic fraction, inorganic elements (Cu,Zn,Ba), organic geochemical biomarkers, and microfossils to determine when all give consistent information and to determine when each begins to track paleoceanogrphic variables other than productivity. Funding is provided for an additional field season for the Multitracers Project, consisting of two 6 month trap deployments at the two inshore sites. The high-solution sediment trap data and the water column information from the springtime should enable to adequately define winter-spring productivity events in the region. In addition, the three-year time series of sediment trap fluxes will help understand the interannual variability of productivity in the California Current. This represents a modification to the previously funded project entitled &quot;Multitracers to predict paleoproductivity in the California Current System from sediment and sediment trap materials&quot; (OCE-8609366).&lt;/p&gt;</gco:CharacterString>
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              <gmd:linkage><gmd:URL>https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/83574e6b-2060-426a-b296-8716bd142bb2/content</gmd:URL></gmd:linkage>              <gmd:name>
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            <gmd:MD_ScopeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_ScopeCode" codeListValue="dataset">dataset</gmd:MD_ScopeCode>
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              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sample collection&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
During the Multitracers Project (September 1987 to July 1991) bottom-moored sediments traps were deployed at three stations (Nearshore, Midway, and Gyre) in the Northeast Pacific Ocean.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Each mooring had sediment traps deployed at 500 m (Year 1 only), 1000 m, 1500 and/or 1750 m, and 500 m above the bottom (~2300 m at the Nearshore and Midway stations and ~3200 m at the Gyre site). Most traps, with the exception of the 1500 m trap, had 6 sample cups. The 1500 m traps, referred to as Whizbang (WzB) traps, had 13 sample cups. Data for cup opening dates and the number of days each cup was open are provided in this dataset.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The trap sample cups were filled with unfiltered seawater collected from the near-bottom trap depth at each site and poisoned with 15g/L of sodium azide. To compare the effects of different &amp;quot;preservatives&amp;quot; a pair of traps were deployed at the Nearshore site (1750 m water depth) in Year 3; one set of cups was poisoned with sodium azide and the others preserved with formalin. No special trace metal clean sampling procedures were utilized during the Mulitracers Project; however, the traps were constructed out of plastic and fiberglass thus reducing possible trace metal contamination.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;When the sediment traps were recovered the sample cups were removed, sealed, and not opened until they were ready to be processed in the laboratory. Once back at the lab the samples were allowed to sit undisturbed until the particulate material had settled. Once opened the supernatant was poured off and then used to rinse the particulate fraction through a 2 mm sieve. The ≥2 mm size-fraction was transferred to a bottle containing formalin and refrigerated for future use. The &amp;amp;lt;2 mm size-fraction, which was used in this study, was split into 10 aliquots. Between 1 and 4 aliquots were frozen for future use. The other 6 to 9 aliquots were centrifuged and the supernatant was discarded. These samples were then rinsed with buffered distilled water and centrifuged; this step was carried out twice. Finally, the samples were freeze-dried and then homogenized using either an agate pestle and mortar or a Wig-L-Bug grinding mill with plastic vials.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Analytical methods&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
Particulate organic carbon (POC) concentrations were determined by measuring the total carbon using an elemental analyzer and then subtracting the percent carbonate carbon that was measured by coulometry. The amount of organic matter (OM) is 2.5 x the %Corg and the amount of carbonate (i.e., CaCO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;) is 8.33 x %Ccarb. The opal concentration was determined by Na&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;CO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; extraction of the opal followed by Atomic Adsorption Spectrophotometry analysis of the extracted Si (% Opal = Si x 2.59; Collier pers. comm.).&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Known problems/issues&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
In Year 1, the 500 m trap at the Nearshore station failed after the third cup, presumably due to clogging during a high flux event. There is also evidence that the 500 m trap at the Gyre site under-collected material (i.e., lower fluxes at 500 m compared to 1000 m). The 1500 m trap, which was only deployed at the Nearshore station in Year 1, appears to have failed partway through or was programmed incorrectly. Other failed traps are indicated by MTT (column 1) and a sample description of &amp;quot;bulk&amp;quot; (column 2).&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The Gyre mooring deployed in Year 3 was not recovered until Year 4 and is therefore named Gyre-4. However, the Date the Cup Opened (column 10) clearly shows these samples were collected between 9/21/89 and 6/25/90 (i.e., Year 3 and much of Year 4).&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;</gco:CharacterString>
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                  <gmd:sourceCitation>
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                        <gco:CharacterString>Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)</gco:CharacterString>
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                      <gmd:date gco:nilReason="unknown"/>
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            </gmd:LI_ProcessStep>
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          <gmd:processStep xlink:title="Data Processing Description">
            <gmd:LI_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Data Notes:&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;NS-1 to 5= Nearshore sediment trap mooring site, years 1 to 5 (see below*)&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
MW-1 to 5= Midway sediment trap mooring site, years 1 to 5 (see below*)&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
Gyre-1 to 5 = Gyre sediment trap mooring site, years 1 to 5 (see below*)&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;MTT samples (column 1) = a bulk sample collected from a failed trap or if the sample description says &amp;quot;ALL&amp;quot; this is the calculated average value for the year. The cup number is designated at zero (0) in column 9.&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
nd = not determined&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
na = not applicable / available&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Corg = organic carbon&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
Ccarb = carbonate (i.e., inorganic) carbon&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
OM = organic matter&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;* A year refers to the time from when a trap mooring is deployed to when it is recovered and the samples are collected. It does not refer to a calendar year. Traps are named based on the &amp;quot;year&amp;quot; of the project they were recovered. Therefore, Gyre-3 traps do not exist because this mooring was not recovered until &amp;quot;year 4&amp;quot; and thus is named Gyre-4.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;</gco:CharacterString>
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              <gmd:source>
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                      <gmd:title>
                        <gco:CharacterString>Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)</gco:CharacterString>
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                      <gmd:date gco:nilReason="unknown"/>
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            </gmd:LI_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
        <gmd:processStep xlink:title="BCO-DMO Data Processing Description">
              <gmd:LI_ProcessStep>
                <gmd:description>
                  <gco:CharacterString>- converted dates for YYYY-MM-DD format;
- renamed fields to conform with BCO-DMO naming conventions.</gco:CharacterString>
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                <gmd:source>
                  <gmd:LI_Source>
                    <gmd:sourceCitation>
                      <gmd:CI_Citation>
                        <gmd:title>
                          <gco:CharacterString>Specified by BCO-DMO Data Managers</gco:CharacterString>
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                        <gmd:date gco:nilReason="unknown"/>
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   </gmd:DQ_DataQuality>
  </gmd:dataQualityInfo>
  <gmd:metadataMaintenance>
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        <gmd:MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode" codeListValue="asNeeded" codeSpace="009">asNeeded</gmd:MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode>
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      <gmd:maintenanceNote>
        <gco:CharacterString>7.x-1.1</gco:CharacterString>
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      <gmd:contact>
        <gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
  <gmd:organisationName>
    <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/affiliation/191.rdf" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)</gmx:Anchor>
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  <gmd:contactInfo>
    <gmd:CI_Contact>
		  <gmd:phone>
		    <gmd:CI_Telephone>
				  <gmd:voice>
				    <gco:CharacterString>Unavailable</gco:CharacterString>
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				  <gmd:facsimile>
				    <gco:CharacterString>508-289-2009</gco:CharacterString>
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		  <gmd:address>
		    <gmd:CI_Address>
				  <gmd:deliveryPoint>
				    <gco:CharacterString>WHOI MS#36</gco:CharacterString>
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				  <gmd:city>
				    <gco:CharacterString>Woods Hole</gco:CharacterString>
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				  <gmd:administrativeArea>
				    <gco:CharacterString>MA</gco:CharacterString>
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				  <gmd:postalCode>
				    <gco:CharacterString>02543</gco:CharacterString>
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				  <gmd:country>
				    <gco:CharacterString>USA</gco:CharacterString>
				  </gmd:country>
				  <gmd:electronicMailAddress>
				    <gco:CharacterString>info@bco-dmo.org</gco:CharacterString>
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      <gmd:onlineResource>
          <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
            <gmd:linkage>
              <gmd:URL>http://www.bco-dmo.org</gmd:URL>
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          </gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
        </gmd:onlineResource>
		  <gmd:hoursOfService>
        <gco:CharacterString>Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm</gco:CharacterString>
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		  <gmd:contactInstructions>
		    <gco:CharacterString>For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.</gco:CharacterString>
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  <gmi:acquisitionInformation>
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    <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument>
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/instrument/546339.rdf" xlink:title="Elemental Analyzer" xlink:actuate="onRequest">elemental analyzer</gmx:Anchor>
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          <gmi:type>
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          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>PI Supplied Instrument Name: elemental analyzer Instrument Name: Elemental Analyzer Instrument Short Name:   Instrument Description: Instruments that quantify carbon, nitrogen and sometimes other elements by combusting the sample at very high temperature and assaying the resulting gaseous oxides. Usually used for samples including organic material. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB01/</gco:CharacterString>
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      <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument>
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            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/instrument/522984.rdf" xlink:title="Homogenizer" xlink:actuate="onRequest">agate pestle and mortar or a Wig-L-Bug grinding mill</gmx:Anchor>
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            <gco:CharacterString>agate pestle and mortar or a Wig-L-Bug grinding mill</gco:CharacterString>
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          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>PI Supplied Instrument Name: agate pestle and mortar or a Wig-L-Bug grinding mill Instrument Name: Homogenizer Instrument Short Name:Homogenizer   Instrument Description: A homogenizer is a piece of laboratory equipment used for the homogenization of various types of material, such as tissue, plant, food, soil, and many others.</gco:CharacterString>
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              <gmd:code>
                <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/instrument/518.rdf" xlink:title="Sediment Trap" xlink:actuate="onRequest">sediment traps</gmx:Anchor>
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            <gco:CharacterString>sediment traps</gco:CharacterString>
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            <gco:CharacterString>PI Supplied Instrument Name: sediment traps Instrument Name: Sediment Trap Instrument Short Name:Sediment Trap   Instrument Description: Sediment traps are specially designed containers deployed in the water column for periods of time to collect particles from the water column falling toward the sea floor. In general a sediment trap has a jar at the bottom to collect the sample and a broad funnel-shaped opening at the top with baffles to keep out very large objects and help prevent the funnel from clogging. This designation is used when the specific type of sediment trap was not specified by the contributing investigator. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/33/</gco:CharacterString>
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      <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument>
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/instrument/707.rdf" xlink:title="Spectrophotometer" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Atomic Adsorption Spectrophotometry</gmx:Anchor>
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            <gco:CharacterString>Atomic Adsorption Spectrophotometry</gco:CharacterString>
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          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>PI Supplied Instrument Name: Atomic Adsorption Spectrophotometry Instrument Name: Spectrophotometer Instrument Short Name:Spectrophotometer   Instrument Description: An instrument used to measure the relative absorption of electromagnetic radiation of different wavelengths in the near infra-red, visible and ultraviolet wavebands by samples. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB20/</gco:CharacterString>
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