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            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/875694.rdf" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Daily seawater temperature at Yawzi Point (St.John USVI) from 1991-2021</gmx:Anchor>
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            <gco:CharacterString>Cite this dataset as: Edmunds, P. J. (2022) Daily seawater temperature at Yawzi Point (St.John USVI) from 1991-2021. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2022-06-15 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.875694.1 [access date]</gco:CharacterString>
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        <gco:CharacterString>Seawater temperature Dataset Description:  Methods and Sampling: &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;u&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Seawater temperature&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;was measured daily for 30 years in Great Lameshur Bay at a depth of ~9&amp;amp;nbsp;meters.&amp;amp;nbsp; Loggers were located at Yawzi Point, ~900 meters from Cabritte Horn (the location of photoquadrat sampling).&amp;amp;nbsp; The loggers sampled at 0.0011Hz (Onset Computer Corp., HOBO U22-011,&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;amp;nbsp;± 0.2°C) or&amp;amp;nbsp;every 15 minutes&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); color:rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family:sans-serif,arial,verdana,trebuchet ms; font-size:13px&amp;quot;&amp;gt;(Edmunds &amp;amp;amp; Gray, 2014).&amp;amp;nbsp; &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;Records were collapsed by day and used to calculate annual summaries of mean temperature (this dataset), minimum temperature, maximum temperature, the number of hot days (i.e.,&amp;amp;gt;29.3&amp;amp;nbsp;°C), and the number of cold days (i.e.,≤26.0&amp;amp;nbsp;°C).&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;For details on association with &amp;lt;em&amp;gt;Millepora&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;morphology, see Related Datasets section below.&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;</gco:CharacterString>
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        <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/award/835191.rdf" xlink:title="OCE-2019992" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-2019992 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=2019992</gmx:Anchor>
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                            <gco:CharacterString>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This project has been supported by continuing grants:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
OCE-2019992 &quot;RUI: Pattern and process in four decades of change on Caribbean reefs&quot;  (2020-2026)&lt;br /&gt;
OCE-2546549 &quot;RUI Pattern and process in five decades of change on Caribbean reefs&quot; (2026-2029)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;NSF award OCE-2546549 project summary:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Overview&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This proposal focuses on American coral reefs in the United States Virgin Islands, most of which are trending towards persistent low coral colony abundances. This is a conspicuous aspect of the coral reef crisis, and while much is known of the disturbances causing corals to die, little is known about the ecological implications of low coral abundance. This project leverages four decades of research in St. John by using multiple sites to test five hypotheses addressing mechanisms preventing depleted coral populations from increasing in size, and they are developed in a hierarchical framework to advance basic ecology, and enhance understanding of coral reefs and the ecological processes structuring marine communities in the Anthropocene. The project is mensurative because it is conducted in an MPA, but its scope is broadened through: (a) analyses of algal symbionts (Symbiodiniaceae) with co PI, Cunning (Shedd Aquarium), (b) by extending the coral reef time-series from 40 to 43 yrs, and (c) applying wavelet analyses to the time-series. Three years of funding will support 1 mo/y of fieldwork, 11 mo/y of analysis, QA/QC, graduate training, a one year postdoc, outreach, and manuscript preparation. This RUI proposal is targeting the OCE call NSF PD 23-1650.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Intellectual merit&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The intellectual merits lie in the &lt;em&gt;hypotheses&lt;/em&gt; focused on the mechanisms leading to persistent low abundance coral communities. This project is&lt;strong&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;designed around a conceptual model that preserves the integrity of a 43 yr time series and tests 5 integrated hypotheses addressing four science needs: (1) advancing basic ecology, (2) leveraging of existing data to realize emergent properties, (3) serving data to end users, and (4) outreach benefitting American stake holders. Over three years, fieldwork and analyses will address: H&lt;sub&gt;1 &lt;/sub&gt;Coral reef community structure is converging to a stable low coral abundance state; &lt;strong&gt;H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. The impact of disturbances is mediated by the spatial structuring of community dynamics, and the expression of portfolio effects&lt;strong&gt;; H&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;Intensification of the coral recruitment ‘bottleneck’ and its gradual transition to settlement failure; &lt;strong&gt;H&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Declining populations sizes of echinoids limit the formation of grazing halos in which corals settle; &lt;strong&gt;H&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Persistence of low abundance coral communities is favored by changes in the symbiodiniacaea complement.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Broader impacts&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This project will advance discoverability of time-series data in the public domain, student mentoring and experiential fieldwork, research on the causes of changes affecting marine communities, and in-person outreach at schools in California an Illinois, the University of the Virgin Islands, and the Friends of the VI National Park. Open access to high resolution data quantifying coral reefs over five decades is a critical community need to which this project will respond by placing in &amp;gt; 14,000 photoquadrats in the public domain (1987-present). Up to five graduate (MS) students will be mentored in marine science through fieldwork and lab analysis, and one REU students will be supported in a graduate mentoring framework. At middle schools, an “aquarium library” program will place marine animals in classrooms for 2–3 weeks in collaboration with the non-profit organization, ‘Underwater Zoo’. At high schools, ‘marine biology clubs’ will address project themes, provide research opportunities, and entrain teachers in field trips. In the field, teachers will conduct research leading to publications and will lead outreach activities with children in the junior ranger program administered by the Friends of the VI National Park. The efficacy of outreach tasks will be assessed through pre/post surveys and questionnaires administered using Google forms by teachers at partner schools. The results of assessment will be used to tune project deliverable to better meet the needs of the outreach audience.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Related Projects:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Affiliated with MCR-LTER - &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/2222&quot;&gt;https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/2222&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Serves as a new project that builds on NSF DEB-1350146 - RUI-LTREB Renewal: Three decades of coral reef community dynamics in St. John, USVI: 2014-2019 - &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/734983&quot;&gt;https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/734983&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Overlaps with OCE 17-56678 (which focuses on soft corals with H. Lasker) - Collaborative Research: Pattern and process in the abundance and recruitment of Caribbean octocorals - &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/752508&quot;&gt;https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/752508&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;LTREB Long-term coral reef community dynamics in St. John, USVI: 1987-2019 - &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/2272&quot;&gt;https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/2272&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;RUI: Pattern and process in four decades of change on Caribbean reefs - &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/835192&quot;&gt;https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/835192&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;RAPID: Hurricane Irma: Effects of repeated severe storms on shallow Caribbean reefs and their changing ecological resilience - &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/722163&quot;&gt;https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/722163&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
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                <gco:CharacterString>&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;u&amp;gt;Problem report&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;:&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-family:sans-serif,arial,verdana,trebuchet ms&amp;quot;&amp;gt;If data was missing from Yawzi Point, the seawater temperature values&amp;amp;nbsp;from the Tektite site location (~14 meters depth)&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-family:sans-serif,arial,verdana,trebuchet ms&amp;quot;&amp;gt;, were used instead.&amp;amp;nbsp; This depth difference has a negligible effect on the temperature at&amp;amp;nbsp;this location.&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;u&amp;gt;BCO-DMO processing&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
- added columns for latitude and longitude&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
- converted Date to YMD format&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
- added columns for site and location&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
-&amp;amp;nbsp;added conventional header with dataset name, PI name, version date&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
- modified parameter names to conform with BCO-DMO naming conventions&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
              <gmd:source>
                <gmd:LI_Source>
                  <gmd:sourceCitation>
                    <gmd:CI_Citation>
                      <gmd:title>
                        <gco:CharacterString>Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)</gco:CharacterString>
                      </gmd:title>
                      <gmd:date gco:nilReason="unknown"/>
                    </gmd:CI_Citation>
                  </gmd:sourceCitation>
                </gmd:LI_Source>
              </gmd:source>
            </gmd:LI_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
        </gmd:LI_Lineage>
      </gmd:lineage>
   </gmd:DQ_DataQuality>
  </gmd:dataQualityInfo>
  <gmd:metadataMaintenance>
    <gmd:MD_MaintenanceInformation>
      <gmd:maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency>
        <gmd:MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode" codeListValue="asNeeded" codeSpace="009">asNeeded</gmd:MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode>
      </gmd:maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency>
      <gmd:maintenanceNote>
        <gco:CharacterString>7.x-1.1</gco:CharacterString>
      </gmd:maintenanceNote>
      <gmd:contact>
        <gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
  <gmd:organisationName>
    <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/affiliation/191.rdf" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)</gmx:Anchor>
  </gmd:organisationName>
  <gmd:contactInfo>
    <gmd:CI_Contact>
		  <gmd:phone>
		    <gmd:CI_Telephone>
				  <gmd:voice>
				    <gco:CharacterString>Unavailable</gco:CharacterString>
				  </gmd:voice>
				  <gmd:facsimile>
				    <gco:CharacterString>508-289-2009</gco:CharacterString>
				  </gmd:facsimile>
				</gmd:CI_Telephone>
		  </gmd:phone>
		  <gmd:address>
		    <gmd:CI_Address>
				  <gmd:deliveryPoint>
				    <gco:CharacterString>WHOI MS#36</gco:CharacterString>
				  </gmd:deliveryPoint>
				  <gmd:city>
				    <gco:CharacterString>Woods Hole</gco:CharacterString>
				  </gmd:city>
				  <gmd:administrativeArea>
				    <gco:CharacterString>MA</gco:CharacterString>
				  </gmd:administrativeArea>
				  <gmd:postalCode>
				    <gco:CharacterString>02543</gco:CharacterString>
				  </gmd:postalCode>
				  <gmd:country>
				    <gco:CharacterString>USA</gco:CharacterString>
				  </gmd:country>
				  <gmd:electronicMailAddress>
				    <gco:CharacterString>info@bco-dmo.org</gco:CharacterString>
				  </gmd:electronicMailAddress>
		    </gmd:CI_Address>
		  </gmd:address>
      <gmd:onlineResource>
          <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
            <gmd:linkage>
              <gmd:URL>http://www.bco-dmo.org</gmd:URL>
            </gmd:linkage>
          </gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
        </gmd:onlineResource>
		  <gmd:hoursOfService>
        <gco:CharacterString>Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm</gco:CharacterString>
      </gmd:hoursOfService>
		  <gmd:contactInstructions>
		    <gco:CharacterString>For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.</gco:CharacterString>
		  </gmd:contactInstructions>
		</gmd:CI_Contact>
  </gmd:contactInfo>
  <gmd:role>
    <gmd:CI_RoleCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode" codeListValue="pointOfContact"  codeSpace="007">pointOfContact</gmd:CI_RoleCode>
  </gmd:role>
</gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
      </gmd:contact>
    </gmd:MD_MaintenanceInformation>
  </gmd:metadataMaintenance>
  <gmi:acquisitionInformation>
    <gmi:MI_AcquisitionInformation>
    <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument>
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/instrument/564.rdf" xlink:title="Onset HOBO Pro v2 temperature logger" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Hobo U22-001 (Onset Computer Corp.)</gmx:Anchor>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>Hobo U22-001 (Onset Computer Corp.)</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>PI Supplied Instrument Name: Hobo U22-001 (Onset Computer Corp.) PI Supplied Instrument Description:Seawater temperature was measured with loggers (mostly Onset Computer Corp., Hobo U22-001, ± 0.2°C).  
  Instrument Name: Onset HOBO Pro v2 temperature logger Instrument Short Name:HOBO U22-001   Instrument Description: The HOBO Water Temp Pro v2 temperature logger, manufactured by Onset Computer Corporation, has 12-bit resolution and a precision sensor for ±0.2°C accuracy over a wide temperature range. It is designed for extended deployment in fresh or salt water.

Operation range: -40° to 70°C (-40° to 158°F) in air; maximum sustained temperature of 50°C (122°F) in water
Accuracy: 0.2°C over 0° to 50°C (0.36°F over 32° to 122°F)
Resolution: 0.02°C at 25°C (0.04°F at 77°F)
Response time: (90%) 5 minutes in water; 12 minutes in air moving 2 m/sec (typical)
Stability (drift): 0.1°C (0.18°F) per year
Real-time clock: ± 1 minute per month 0° to 50°C (32° to 122°F)

Additional information (http://www.onsetcomp.com/)
Onset Computer Corporation
470 MacArthur Blvd
Bourne, MA 02532 Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/134/</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      </gmi:MI_AcquisitionInformation>
  </gmi:acquisitionInformation>
</gmi:MI_Metadata>
