http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/884015 eng; USA utf8 dataset Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact 2022-11-18 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Juvenile oyster shell strength measurements from a dose response experiment with an array of blue crab urine concentrations conducted at Dauphin Island Sea Lab, Dauphin Island, AL in August - Oct 2022 2022-11-18 publication 2022-11-18 revision Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA) 2022-12-02 publication https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.884015.1 Julia Kubanek Georgia Institute of Technology principalInvestigator Delbert Lee Smee Dauphin Island Sea Lab principalInvestigator Marc Weissburg Georgia Institute of Technology principalInvestigator Benjamin A. Belgrad Dauphin Island Sea Lab principalInvestigator Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. publisher Cite this dataset as: Roney, S. H., Cepeda, M., Belgrad, B. A., Smee, D. L., Kubanek, J., Weissburg, M. (2022) Juvenile oyster shell strength measurements from a dose response experiment with an array of blue crab urine concentrations conducted at Dauphin Island Sea Lab, Dauphin Island, AL in August - Oct 2022. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2022-11-18 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.884015.1 [access date] Dataset Description: &lt;p&gt;See &quot;Related Datasets&quot; section for&amp;nbsp;results of other&amp;nbsp;predator cue bioassay experiments.&lt;/p&gt; Methods and Sampling: &lt;p&gt;Diploid oyster&amp;nbsp;spat were purchased from the Auburn University Shellfish Laboratory and settled onto 4.5 cm × 4.5 cm marble tiles. For one week after settlement, spat on tiles were caged and kept in 1250 L mesocosms with natural flowing seawater from Mobile Bay at a flow rate of 20 L/min. We then ensured each tile had at least 15 oyster spat and used high-density polyethylene fishing line to tie tiles back-to-back. Four tile pairs were placed in each aquarium, ensuring that every tile pair was upright to maintain good water flow around the spat. An intact, sun-bleached adult oyster shell was also placed into each aquarium for spat tile pairs to lean on so that they maintained an upright position. Aquaria were filled with 2 L of natural seawater (with the exception of the predator water control, which received 1.5 L seawater + 0.5 L predator water) that had settled for at least 3 days to remove sediment particles. Seawater was supplemented with either Instant Ocean salt or deionized water to reach 20 ppt (± 2 ppt). Each aquarium contained filtered air bubblers for oxygenation. Aquaria were covered with lids to reduce evaporation and stored outside under a covered pavilion in a water bath containing ambient flow-through seawater to regulate temperature. Spat were fed Instant Algae Shellfish Diet 1800 (Reed Mariculture). At the start of the experiment, spat were fed 0.5 mL twice daily, but we increased this amount to 1 mL twice daily as spat grew larger. Complete water changes and aquarium cleanings were performed twice weekly, and predator chemical cues were added to the aquaria immediately after water changes.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Blue crabs were collected from crab pots near Dauphin Island, AL and stored in the same facility and conditions as described for the predator cue bioassay in 2020 (See related dataset:&amp;nbsp;https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/883945).&amp;nbsp;Urine collection methods remained the same as for previous experiments (2020 predator cue bioassay) except urine was pooled from all crabs for this experiment. All crabs for this experiment were fed an oyster diet (i.e., one adult oyster (~6-7 cm in length) twice weekly). Crab were kept in aquaria for a one week acclimation period before beginning a urine extraction regimen. Urine was collected twice weekly from 22 crabs that ranged 13 – 18 cm in size and each crab produced 1.31 ± 0.18 mL. Urine dose concentrations were determined based on the average concentrations of homarine and trigonelline quantified in blue crab urine in the 2020 predator cue bioassay (homarine, 13 ± 21 µM; trigonelline, 3.6 ± 6.9 µM). It was assumed that 1 mL of pooled blue crab urine contained these concentrations, and doses were adjusted by half-log steps until approximated concentrations of homarine and trigonelline spanned four orders of magnitude (Table S3 in Supplemental File PDF). Though initial experimental design was based on an assumed concentration of homarine and trigonelline, all urine doses were reported as urine volume divided by the total volume of seawater within an experimental aquaria. For the six lowest doses, 1 mL aliquots of blue crab urine were prepared via serial dilution. The two highest doses received 5.00 mL and 1.25 mL aliquots of pure urine respectively. All aliquots were frozen at –80 °C to be used on the day of cue addition.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;The preparation and maintenance of the urine dose response experiment was identical to the previous homarine and trigonelline dose response experiment. The experiment was conducted for 56 days (8 weeks) from 08 Aug. 2022 – 03 Oct., 2022 and at the completion of the experiment tile pairs were removed from their jars, measured, and crushed according to previous methodology (Robinson et al. 2014). There were five replicate aquaria per concentration, and within these replicate aquaria, we took an average of 32 crushed oysters.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Instruments:&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt; Individual spat width was measured for each crushed oyster to 0.01 mm using a Vernier digital caliper. The force required to crush oysters was measured using a Kistler 5995 charge amplifier and Kistler 9207 force sensor following standard protocol (Robinson et al., 2014).&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Problems/Issues:&amp;nbsp;None.&lt;/p&gt; Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1948423 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1948423 Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1948441 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1948441 completed Julia Kubanek Georgia Institute of Technology 404-894-8424 School of Biological Sciences Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332-0230 USA julia.kubanek@biosci.gatech.edu pointOfContact Delbert Lee Smee Dauphin Island Sea Lab (251) 861-2141 101 Bienville BLVD Dauphin Island Alabama 36528 USA lsmee@disl.org pointOfContact Marc Weissburg Georgia Institute of Technology 404-894-8433 School of Biological Sciences Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332-0230 USA marc.weissburg@biology.gatech.edu pointOfContact Benjamin A. Belgrad Dauphin Island Sea Lab babelgra@eckerd.edu pointOfContact asNeeded Dataset Version: 1 Unknown ID Diet Treatment Dose Replicate Pair Tile Individual size crushing_force_N stand_crushing_force Vernier digital caliper Kistler 5995 charge amplifier and Kistler 9207 force sensor theme None, User defined replicate treatment sample description count length No BCO-DMO term featureType BCO-DMO Standard Parameters calipers Force sensor instrument BCO-DMO Standard Instruments otherRestrictions otherRestrictions Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use. Collaborative Research: Keystone chemicals: Identifying general and universal molecules of fear https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/839801 Collaborative Research: Keystone chemicals: Identifying general and universal molecules of fear <p><em>NSF Award Abstract:</em><br /> Many prey species use chemicals released in predator urine to detect imminent danger and respond appropriately, but the identity of these ‘molecules of fear’ remains largely unknown. This proposal examines whether prey detect different estuarine predators using the same chemical or whether the identity of the chemical signals varies. Experiments focus on common and important estuarine prey, mud crabs and oysters, and their predators including fishes, crustaceans and marine snails. Bioactive molecules are being collected from predators and prey and characterized. The goal is to determine if there are predictive relationships between either the composition of prey flesh or the predator taxon and the signal molecule. Understanding the molecular nature of these cues can determine if there are general rules governing likely signal molecules. Once identified, investigators will have the ability to precisely manipulate or control these molecules in ecological or other types of studies. Oysters are critical to estuarine health, and they are important social, cultural and economic resources. Broader impacts of the project include training of undergraduate and graduate students from diverse backgrounds and working with aquaculture facilities and conservation managers to improve growth and survival of oysters. One response to predator cues involves creating stronger shells to deter predation. Determining the identity of cues used by oysters to detect predators can provide management options to produce oysters that either grow faster or are more resistant to predators. Project personnel is working with oystermen to increase yields of farmed oysters by managing chemical cues.</p> <p>For marine prey, waterborne chemical cues are important sources of information regarding the threat of predation, thus, modulating non-consumptive effects of predation in many systems. Often such cues are produced when the predators consume the flesh of that prey. In nearly all cases, the specific bioactive molecules responsible for modulating these interactions are unknown, raising the question whether there is a universal molecule of fear that prey respond to. Thus, the focus of the project is to determine the generality of fear-inducing metabolites released by predators and prey in estuarine food webs. The project combines metabolomics analysis of diet-derived urinary metabolites with bioassays to identify the bioactive molecules producing responses in two prey species from different taxonomic groups and trophic levels (oysters, mud crabs). Metabolites are sampled from three types of predators, fish, gastropods or crustaceans. This project aims to: 1) identify bioactive molecules produced by several common estuarine predators from different taxa; 2) compare cues from predators that induce defenses in prey vs. changes in prey behavior; and 3) contrast the identities and effects of predator-released cues with fear-inducing molecules from injured conspecifics. By identifying and contrasting the effects of waterborne molecules that induce prey responses from six predators and injured prey, this project is yielding insights into the mechanisms that mediate non-lethal predator effects, while addressing long-standing questions related to predator-prey interactions. In addition to the search of a universal molecule of fear, the experiments are exploring the role of complementary and distinct chemical information on the specificity of prey responses to different types of predators.</p> <p>This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.</p> Identifying molecules of fear largerWorkCitation project eng; USA oceans 2022-08-08 2022-10-03 Wassaw Sound, GA, US and Dauphin Island, AL 0 BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Juvenile oyster shell strength measurements from a dose response experiment with an array of blue crab urine concentrations conducted at Dauphin Island Sea Lab, Dauphin Island, AL in August - Oct 2022 Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/884080.rdf Name: ID Units: unitless Description: <p>identification given to each individual replicate within the experiment</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/884081.rdf Name: Diet Units: unitless Description: <p>type of food that the predator received before urine was extracted to be used in the experiment</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/884082.rdf Name: Treatment Units: unitless Description: <p> sw = seawater (control), BC = blue crab urine, PW = predator water (positive control)</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/884083.rdf Name: Dose Units: unitless Description: <p>assigned dose number corresponding to appropriate urine volumes </p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/884084.rdf Name: Replicate Units: unitless Description: <p>the replicate number assigned to an individual aquaria within a treatment</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/884085.rdf Name: Pair Units: unitless Description: <p> count of tile pairs used for data collection</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/884086.rdf Name: Tile Units: unitless Description: <p>count of tiles within pairs sampled from (samples crushed were from both tiles within a pair)</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/884087.rdf Name: Individual Units: unitless Description: <p> count of the number of individual spat crushed</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/884088.rdf Name: size Units: millimeters (mm) Description: <p> length of each individual spat sampled, measured by Vernier digital calipers to nearest 0.01 decimals</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/884089.rdf Name: crushing_force_N Units: newtons (N) Description: <p> force to crush spat (N), as measured by Kistler force sensor, limited to nearest 0.01 decimals</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/884090.rdf Name: stand_crushing_force Units: newtons per millimeter (N/mm) Description: <p> standardized crushing force = crushing force/length</p> GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact 193721 https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/6a210852-7b99-5e79-ae42-e32013e28c71/content download https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.884015.1 download onLine dataset &lt;p&gt;Diploid oyster&amp;nbsp;spat were purchased from the Auburn University Shellfish Laboratory and settled onto 4.5 cm × 4.5 cm marble tiles. For one week after settlement, spat on tiles were caged and kept in 1250 L mesocosms with natural flowing seawater from Mobile Bay at a flow rate of 20 L/min. We then ensured each tile had at least 15 oyster spat and used high-density polyethylene fishing line to tie tiles back-to-back. Four tile pairs were placed in each aquarium, ensuring that every tile pair was upright to maintain good water flow around the spat. An intact, sun-bleached adult oyster shell was also placed into each aquarium for spat tile pairs to lean on so that they maintained an upright position. Aquaria were filled with 2 L of natural seawater (with the exception of the predator water control, which received 1.5 L seawater + 0.5 L predator water) that had settled for at least 3 days to remove sediment particles. Seawater was supplemented with either Instant Ocean salt or deionized water to reach 20 ppt (± 2 ppt). Each aquarium contained filtered air bubblers for oxygenation. Aquaria were covered with lids to reduce evaporation and stored outside under a covered pavilion in a water bath containing ambient flow-through seawater to regulate temperature. Spat were fed Instant Algae Shellfish Diet 1800 (Reed Mariculture). At the start of the experiment, spat were fed 0.5 mL twice daily, but we increased this amount to 1 mL twice daily as spat grew larger. Complete water changes and aquarium cleanings were performed twice weekly, and predator chemical cues were added to the aquaria immediately after water changes.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Blue crabs were collected from crab pots near Dauphin Island, AL and stored in the same facility and conditions as described for the predator cue bioassay in 2020 (See related dataset:&amp;nbsp;https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/883945).&amp;nbsp;Urine collection methods remained the same as for previous experiments (2020 predator cue bioassay) except urine was pooled from all crabs for this experiment. All crabs for this experiment were fed an oyster diet (i.e., one adult oyster (~6-7 cm in length) twice weekly). Crab were kept in aquaria for a one week acclimation period before beginning a urine extraction regimen. Urine was collected twice weekly from 22 crabs that ranged 13 – 18 cm in size and each crab produced 1.31 ± 0.18 mL. Urine dose concentrations were determined based on the average concentrations of homarine and trigonelline quantified in blue crab urine in the 2020 predator cue bioassay (homarine, 13 ± 21 µM; trigonelline, 3.6 ± 6.9 µM). It was assumed that 1 mL of pooled blue crab urine contained these concentrations, and doses were adjusted by half-log steps until approximated concentrations of homarine and trigonelline spanned four orders of magnitude (Table S3 in Supplemental File PDF). Though initial experimental design was based on an assumed concentration of homarine and trigonelline, all urine doses were reported as urine volume divided by the total volume of seawater within an experimental aquaria. For the six lowest doses, 1 mL aliquots of blue crab urine were prepared via serial dilution. The two highest doses received 5.00 mL and 1.25 mL aliquots of pure urine respectively. All aliquots were frozen at –80 °C to be used on the day of cue addition.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;The preparation and maintenance of the urine dose response experiment was identical to the previous homarine and trigonelline dose response experiment. The experiment was conducted for 56 days (8 weeks) from 08 Aug. 2022 – 03 Oct., 2022 and at the completion of the experiment tile pairs were removed from their jars, measured, and crushed according to previous methodology (Robinson et al. 2014). There were five replicate aquaria per concentration, and within these replicate aquaria, we took an average of 32 crushed oysters.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Instruments:&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt; Individual spat width was measured for each crushed oyster to 0.01 mm using a Vernier digital caliper. The force required to crush oysters was measured using a Kistler 5995 charge amplifier and Kistler 9207 force sensor following standard protocol (Robinson et al., 2014).&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Problems/Issues:&amp;nbsp;None.&lt;/p&gt; Specified by the Principal Investigator(s) &lt;p&gt;Data were entered and stored in Microsoft 365 Excel for Windows Version 2011. No processing (removals, transformations, etc) occurred on this data.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; BCO-DMO Data Manager Processing Notes:&lt;br /&gt; * Sheet 1 of file &quot;BC Urine Dose Response Oyster Crushing Data.xlsx&quot; was imported into the BCO-DMO data system with values &quot;NA&quot; interpreted as a missing data identifier.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt; **&amp;nbsp;Missing data values are displayed differently based on the file format you download.&amp;nbsp; They are blank in csv files, &quot;NaN&quot; in MatLab files, etc.&lt;br /&gt; *&amp;nbsp;stand_crushing_force rounded to two decimal places as indicated as the correct precision in provided metadata.&lt;/p&gt; Specified by the Principal Investigator(s) asNeeded 7.x-1.1 Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact Vernier digital caliper Vernier digital caliper PI Supplied Instrument Name: Vernier digital caliper Instrument Name: calipers Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: A caliper (or "pair of calipers") is a device used to measure the distance between two opposite sides of an object. Many types of calipers permit reading out a measurement on a ruled scale, a dial, or a digital display. Kistler 5995 charge amplifier and Kistler 9207 force sensor Kistler 5995 charge amplifier and Kistler 9207 force sensor PI Supplied Instrument Name: Kistler 5995 charge amplifier and Kistler 9207 force sensor PI Supplied Instrument Description:The force required to crush oysters was measured using a Kistler 5995 charge amplifier and Kistler 9207 force sensor following standard protocol (Robinson et al., 2014).  Instrument Name: Force sensor Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: Instrument that measures forces such as dynamic and quasistatic tensile and compression forces.  Units commonly as Newtons (N).