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Samples were obtained from the GEOTRACES GP15 cruise aboard the R/V Roger Revelle (RR1814 from September 18 to October 21 of 2018, and RR1815 from October 24 to November 23 of 2018). The Revelle was equipped with the GEOTRACES CTD/rosette (Model 32G, Sea-Bird Electronics). This rosette contained 24 Teflon-coated 12-liter (L) GO-FLO bottles for trace metal clean sampling (Model 10812 T, General Oceanics) with sensors for dissolved oxygen, conductivity, chlorophyll fluorescence, pressure, beam transmittance, and temperature. These samples were preserved by filtering them through 0.2-micrometer (µm) Acropak-200 Supor capsule filter (Pall Corporation) and storing them in acid-washed 1 L Low-Density Polyethylene (Nalgene; LDPE) bottles. Samples (1L) were acidified to pH = 1.8 with 1 mL concentrated distilled HCl and added with 1 mL 30% H2O2 (Optimaᵀᴹ grade; Fisher; CAS#: 7722-84-1), and left for over 1 month.

Metal concentration analyses were identical to those used in Hawco et al. (2020). For each sample, 15 milliliters (mL) seawater was transferred to a acid-washed 15 mL polypropylene Falcon tube (VWR; Catalog #89049-172), then 50 microliters (µL) of an isotope spike (containing ⁵⁷Fe, ⁶²Ni, ⁶⁵Cu, ⁶⁷Zn, ²⁰⁷Pb, and ¹¹⁰Cd) was added to the 15 mL tube and thoroughly mixed with the sample. The samples would then sit overnight before they were preconcentrated by a SC-DX seaFAST system (Elemental Scientific; M-SFS2-MG-52). The seaFAST system helped to preconcentrate the seawater samples and remove the salt matrix. About 10 mL of seawater was injected through the Nobias PA-1 column of seaFAST and 0.5 mL eluent (1M HNO₃ containing 1 ppb In) was used to elute trace metals for concentration measurement. The trace metal concentrations were then measured by a Thermo Element 2ᵀᴹ Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometer. Concentrations of copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni) were derived by using an isotope dilution method.

1d:Tda5,A 60-day research cruise took place in 2018 along a transect form Alaska to Tahiti at 152° W. A description of the project titled "Collaborative Research: Management and implementation of the US GEOTRACES Pacific Meridional Transect", funded by NSF, is below. Further project information is available on the US GEOTRACES website and on the cruise blog. A detailed cruise report is also available as a PDF. Description from NSF award abstract: GEOTRACES is a global effort in the field of Chemical Oceanography in which the United States plays a major role. The goal of the GEOTRACES program is to understand the distributions of many elements and their isotopes in the ocean. Until quite recently, these elements could not be measured at a global scale. Understanding the distributions of these elements and isotopes will increase the understanding of processes that shape their distributions and also the processes that depend on these elements. For example, many "trace elements" (elements that are present in very low amounts) are also important for life, and their presence or absence can play a vital role in the population of marine ecosystems. This project will launch the next major U.S. GEOTRACES expedition in the Pacific Ocean between Alaska and Tahiti. The award made here would support all of the major infrastructure for this expedition, including the research vessel, the sampling equipment, and some of the core oceanographic measurements. This project will also support the personnel needed to lead the expedition and collect the samples. This project would support the essential sampling operations and infrastructure for the U.S. GEOTRACES Pacific Meridional Transect along 152° W to support a large variety of individual science projects on trace element and isotope (TEI) biogeochemistry that will follow. Thus, the major objectives of this management proposal are: (1) plan and coordinate a 60 day research cruise in 2018; (2) obtain representative samples for a wide variety of TEIs using a conventional CTD/rosette, GEOTRACES Trace Element Sampling Systems, and in situ pumps; (3) acquire conventional CTD hydrographic data along with discrete samples for salinity, dissolved oxygen, algal pigments, and dissolved nutrients at micro- and nanomolar levels; (4) ensure that proper QA/QC protocols are followed and reported, as well as fulfilling all GEOTRACES intercalibration protocols; (5) prepare and deliver all hydrographic data to the GEOTRACES Data Assembly Centre (via the US BCO-DMO data center); and (6) coordinate all cruise communications between investigators, including preparation of a hydrographic report/publication. This project would also provide baseline measurements of TEIs in the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (~7.5°N-17°N, ~155°W-115°W) where large-scale deep sea mining is planned. Environmental impact assessments are underway in partnership with the mining industry, but the effect of mining activities on TEIs in the water column is one that could be uniquely assessed by the GEOTRACES community. In support of efforts to communicate the science to a wide audience the investigators will recruit an early career freelance science journalist with interests in marine science and oceanography to participate on the cruise and do public outreach, photography and/or videography, and social media from the ship, as well as to submit articles about the research to national media. The project would also support several graduate students.1e:Tc28,NSF Award Abstract: The goal of the international GEOTRACES program is to understand the distributions of many chemical elements and their isotopes in the oceans. The National Science Foundation is supporting a U.S. GEOTRACES sampling expedition in the Pacific Ocean 2018, from Alaska to Tahiti. This award will focus on measurement of the stable isotopes of iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and cadmium (Cd) in seawater, filtered particles, and atmospheric aerosol particles on this expedition. The trace metals Fe, Ni, Zn, Cu, and Cd strongly influence marine biogeochemistry and carbon cycling. Measurements of isotope ratios -- the relative abundance of different forms of the same chemical element -- provide insights not possible from concentration measurements alone. The investigators will use isotope data to learn more about the inputs and outputs of these elements to the ocean as well as the biological processes that influence their distributions within the oceans, leading to greater understanding of the role these metals play in oceanic carbon cycling. The award will also host an international inter-lab comparison exercise for Cd isotope ratios at low concentrations in seawater. The project will support an early career investigator, a postdoctoral researcher, and undergraduate and graduate students. The investigators will measure delta-56Fe, delta-60Ni, delta-65Cu, delta-66Zn, and delta-114Cd at high spatial resolution along the U.S. GEOTRACES Pacific Meridional Transect (PMT). The resulting oceanic sections of all five isotope systems will enable them to distinguish between competing ideas about the controls on trace metal distributions. A wide variety of hypotheses about marine biogeochemical trace metal cycling, addressing topics of global importance will be explored and tested, including: 1) How do different sources, productivity and export regimes, coupled with overturning circulation, control the distribution of Fe, Ni, Zn, Cu and Cd and their isotopes in the Pacific? 2) Do oxygen minimum zones act as sinks for Cd, Zn, Cu and Ni, while acting as sources for Fe? and 3) What sources are most important for supplying Fe to the North Pacific Ocean? The PMT section crosses two high nutrient-low chlorophyll (HNLC) regions and two oligotrophic gyres, as well as transecting the oldest waters in the ocean, allowing the investigators to use high-resolution isotope datasets to investigate competing hypotheses about the effect of vertical, horizontal and in situ biogeochemical processes on the distribution of all five metals and their isotopes. Aerosol dust, volcanogenic and reducing margin sediments, and hydrothermal vents such as the East Pacific Rise have all been hypothesized as major contributors to the dissolved Fe cycle in the Pacific. Measurement of iron isotope signatures in aerosols and near to oceanic sources will enable the identification and quantification the importance of these different iron sources and processes in supplying iron to the iron-limited surface ocean, especially important for the two HNLC regions along the PMT section.6:["$","$L1b",null,{"dataset":{"_id":"885319","description":"","problem":"","acquisition":"$1c","processing":"

Data Processing:
\nExcel 2016 with home-made data reduction algorithms.

Quality Flags:
\nQuality flags were assigned following the GEOTRACES Quality Flag Policy (https://www.geotraces.org/geotraces-quality-flag-policy/), which recommends the SeaDataNet Scheme. Flags are defined as:
\n0 = no quality control;
\n1 = good value;
\n2 = probably good value;
\n3 = probably bad value;
\n4 = bad value;
\n5 = changed value;
\n6 = value below detection (BDL);
\n7 = value in excess;
\n8 = interpolated value;
\n9 = missing value;
\nA = value phenomenon uncertain.

BCO-DMO Processing:
\n- renamed fields to comply with BCO-DMO naming conventions;
\n- moved rows for station 18.6 to the leg 2 (RR1815) dataset;
\n- created the ISO8601 date-time fields;
\n- replaced \"N/A\" and \"-999\" with \"nd\" (no data).

\n","bcodmoProcessing":"","title":"Dissolved concentrations of nickel and copper from bottle samples collected on Leg 1 (Seattle, WA to Hilo, HI) of the US GEOTRACES Pacific Meridional Transect (PMT) cruise (GP15, RR1814) on R/V Roger Revelle from September to October 2018","nickname":"GP15 Dissolved Ni and Cu - Leg 1","dataUrl":"","currentState":"Final","currentStateId":"7","validated":true,"restricted":false,"version":"1","version_date":"2022-12-15T05:00:00.000Z","abstract":"This dataset contains dissolved concentrations of nickel (Ni) and copper (Cu) from bottle samples. The samples were collected during the U.S. GEOTRACES PMT cruise aboard the R/V Roger Revelle (RR1814 from September 18th to October 21st of 2018). The dataset also includes station number, date, time, latitude, longitude, event number, event description, sample number, depth, and data quality flag. The data from Leg 2 of this transect, RR1815, are available as a related dataset.","citation":"Bian, X., Yang, S., John, S. G. (2022) Dissolved concentrations of nickel and copper from bottle samples collected on Leg 1 (Seattle, WA to Hilo, HI) of the US GEOTRACES Pacific Meridional Transect (PMT) cruise (GP15, RR1814) on R/V Roger Revelle from September to October 2018. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2022-12-15 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.885319.1 [access date]","citationParts":{"identifier":"doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.885319.1","versionDate":"2022-12-15","versionId":"1","year":"2022","title":"Dissolved concentrations of nickel and copper from bottle samples collected on Leg 1 (Seattle, WA to Hilo, HI) of the US GEOTRACES Pacific Meridional Transect (PMT) cruise (GP15, RR1814) on R/V Roger Revelle from September to October 2018","authors":"Bian, X., Yang, S., John, S. G.","publisher":"Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)."},"doi":"10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.885319.1","release_date":null,"field_dataset_location":"","temporal_extent":{"start":"2018-09-24T04:00:00.000Z","end":"2018-10-21T04:00:00.000Z"},"temporal":{"resolution":"time:unitDay","type":"time:Interval","start":{"value":"1537761600","label":"2018-09-24"},"end":{"value":"1540094400","label":"2018-10-21"}},"spatial_extent":{"shape":"polygon","center":{"latitude":37.87,"longitude":-154.4805},"wkt":"POLYGON ((-156.962 19.681, -151.999 19.681, -151.999 56.059, -156.962 56.059, -156.962 19.681))","north":56.059,"east":-151.999,"south":19.681,"west":-156.962},"dataset_type":["Cruise Results"],"keywords":["oceans"],"data_files":[{"id":"903786","title":"Ni_Cu_Leg1.csv","url":"https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/dataset/885319/file/M77XPX7fzB9j5x/Ni_Cu_Leg1.csv","showTableUrl":"https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/885319/data/view/903786","description":"Primary data file for dataset ID 885319","filename":"Ni_Cu_Leg1.csv","bytesize":57493,"checksum":{"value":"7332f6fcbae52a573c84e445ff3379b1","Algorithm":{"_id":"190","name":"MD5"}},"mimetype":"text/csv","fileType":{"_id":"192","name":"Comma Separated Values (.csv)"},"isErddap":"","date":"","isPublicDuringEmbargo":false,"primaryDataFile":true,"showTable":true,"restricted":false}],"supplemental_files":[],"roles":[{"role":{"_id":"138","name":"Principal Investigator"},"performedBy":{"_id":"51622","name":"Seth G. John"},"performedAtOrganization":{"_id":"306","name":"University of Southern California"}},{"role":{"_id":"128","name":"Student"},"performedBy":{"_id":"872477","name":"Xiaopeng Bian"},"performedAtOrganization":{"_id":"306","name":"University of Southern California"}},{"role":{"_id":"133","name":"Contact"},"performedBy":{"_id":"842095","name":"Shun-Chung Yang"},"performedAtOrganization":{"_id":"306","name":"University of Southern California"}},{"role":{"_id":"145","name":"BCO-DMO Data Manager"},"performedBy":{"_id":"51498","name":"Shannon Rauch"},"performedAtOrganization":{"_id":"191","name":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution"}}],"deployments":[{"_id":"776913","name":"RR1814","synonyms":["GP15","GP15 Leg1","33RR20180918","PMT","US GEOTRACES PMT"],"dates":{"start":"2018-09-18T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2018-10-21T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"54013","name":"R/V Roger Revelle"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"50679","name":"Gregory A. Cutter","role":"Chief Scientist"},{"id":"50980","name":"Karen L. Casciotti","role":"Co-Chief Scientist"},{"id":"51146","name":"Phoebe J. Lam","role":"Co-Chief Scientist"}]}],"funding":[{"_id":"883858","name":"OCE-1736896","fundingSource":{"_id":"355","name":"NSF Division of Ocean Sciences"},"url":"https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1736896"}],"instruments":[{"_id":"885330","name":"GEOTRACES CTD/rosette (Model 32G, Sea-Bird Electronics)","description":"","type_id":"447","type_name":"CTD Sea-Bird","type_desc":"A Conductivity, Temperature, Depth (CTD) sensor package from SeaBird Electronics. This instrument designation is used when specific make and model are not known or when a more specific term is not available in the BCO-DMO vocabulary. Refer to the dataset-specific metadata for more information about the specific CTD used. More information from: http://www.seabird.com/","type_acronym":"CTD Sea-Bird"},{"_id":"885331","name":"Teflon-coated 12 L GO-FLO bottles (Model 10812 T, General Oceanics)","description":"","type_id":"533","type_name":"GO-FLO Teflon Trace Metal Bottle","type_desc":"GO-FLO Teflon-lined Trace Metal free sampling bottles are used for collecting water samples for trace metal, nutrient and pigment analysis. The GO-FLO sampling bottle is designed specifically to avoid sample contamination at the surface, internal spring contamination, loss of sample on deck (internal seals), and exchange of water from different depths.","type_acronym":"GO-FLO Teflon TM"},{"_id":"885333","name":"Thermo Element 2 Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometer (ICP-MS)","description":"The concentrations were determined using an high-resolution ICP-MS (Thermo Element 2TM) with a PC3 desolvation system (Elemental Scientific).","type_id":"530","type_name":"Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer","type_desc":"An ICP Mass Spec is an instrument that passes nebulized samples into an inductively-coupled gas plasma (8-10000 K) where they are atomized and ionized. Ions of specific mass-to-charge ratios are quantified in a quadrupole mass spectrometer.","type_acronym":"ICP Mass Spec"},{"_id":"885332","name":"SC-DX seaFAST system (Elemental Scientific; M-SFS2-MG-52)","description":"","type_id":"820527","type_name":"SeaFAST Automated Preconcentration System","type_desc":"The seaFAST is an automated sample introduction system for analysis of seawater and other high matrix samples for analyses by ICPMS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry).","type_acronym":""}],"parameters":[{"_id":"885385","name":"Cruise_ID","format":"","frictionlessType":"string","description":"

Cruise ID number

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1102","name":"cruise_id","description":"

cruise designation; name

"}},{"_id":"885386","name":"Station_ID","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Station ID number

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"987","name":"station","description":"

Station identifier; a unique number or alphanumeric string designating a general geographic location at which one or more sampling activities may occur.

"}},{"_id":"885387","name":"Start_Date_UTC","format":"%m-%d-%y","frictionlessType":"date","description":"

Date (UTC) at start of sample collection

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1070","name":"date","description":"

date; generally reported in GMT as YYYYMMDD (year; month; day); also as MMDD (month; day); EqPac dates are local Hawaii time. ISO_Date format is YYYY-MM-DD (http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/iso8601.htm)

"}},{"_id":"885388","name":"Start_Time_UTC","format":"%H:%M:%S","frictionlessType":"time","description":"

Time (UTC) at start of sample collection

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1075","name":"time","description":"

Time GMT defined as HHMM; time of day; generally reported in GMT as HHMM (hours and minutes) but may also be HH.H (decimal hours) or HHMMSS (hours; minutes and seconds); in EqPac time is reported as Hawaii local time

"}},{"_id":"885389","name":"Start_ISO_DateTime_UTC","format":"%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ","frictionlessType":"datetime","description":"

Date and time (UTC) at start of sample collection in ISO8601 format

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1908","name":"ISO_DateTime_UTC","description":"

Date/Time (UTC) ISO formatted
\nThis standard is based on ISO 8601:2004(E) and takes on any of the following forms:
\n2009-08-30T09:05:00[.xx] (local time)
\n2009-08-30T14:05:00[.xx]Z (UTC time)
\n2009-08-30T14:05:00[.xx]-05:00
\nThe dashes and the colons can be dropped.
\nThe T can also be dropped \"by mutual agreement\", but one needs the trailing Z if the time is UTC.

Sample ISO_datetime_utc:
\n2009-08-30T14:05:00[.xx]Z (UTC time)

Format: YYYY-mm-ddTHH:MM:SS[.xx]Z (UTC time)

"}},{"_id":"885390","name":"End_Date_UTC","format":"%m-%d-%y","frictionlessType":"date","description":"

Date (UTC) at end of sample collection

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1070","name":"date","description":"

"}},{"_id":"885391","name":"End_Time_UTC","format":"%H:%M:%S","frictionlessType":"time","description":"

Time (UTC) at end of sample collection

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1075","name":"time","description":"

"}},{"_id":"885392","name":"End_ISO_DateTime_UTC","format":"%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ","frictionlessType":"datetime","description":"

Date and time (UTC) at end of sample collection in ISO8601 format

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1908","name":"ISO_DateTime_UTC","description":"

Sample ISO_datetime_utc:
\n2009-08-30T14:05:00[.xx]Z (UTC time)

Format: YYYY-mm-ddTHH:MM:SS[.xx]Z (UTC time)

"}},{"_id":"885393","name":"Start_Latitude","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Latitude at start of sample collection

","units":{"_id":"","name":"degrees North"},"type":{"_id":"730","name":"latitude","description":"

latitude, in decimal degrees, North is positive, negative denotes South; Reported in some datasets as degrees, minutes

"}},{"_id":"885394","name":"Start_Longitude","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Longitude at start of sample collection

","units":{"_id":"","name":"degrees East"},"type":{"_id":"731","name":"longitude","description":"

longitude, in decimal degrees, East is positive, negative denotes West; Reported in some datasets as degrees, minutes

"}},{"_id":"885395","name":"End_Latitude","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Latitude at end of sample collection

","units":{"_id":"","name":"degrees North"},"type":{"_id":"730","name":"latitude","description":"

latitude, in decimal degrees, North is positive, negative denotes South; Reported in some datasets as degrees, minutes

"}},{"_id":"885396","name":"End_Longitude","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Longitude at end of sample collection

","units":{"_id":"","name":"degrees East"},"type":{"_id":"731","name":"longitude","description":"

longitude, in decimal degrees, East is positive, negative denotes West; Reported in some datasets as degrees, minutes

"}},{"_id":"885397","name":"Cast_number","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Cast number

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"761","name":"cast","description":"

cast or profile number

"}},{"_id":"885398","name":"Event_ID","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Event number

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"829","name":"event","description":"

Event or operation identifier; event or operation number; often derived from date/time (MMDDHHmm) of sampling and when combined with year (YYYY) is a unique sampling identifier/data processing key. Date/time is not necessarily in GMT.

"}},{"_id":"885399","name":"Sample_ID","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

GEOTRACES sample ID number

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"960","name":"sample","description":"

unique sample identification or number; any combination of alpha numeric characters; precise definition is file dependent

"}},{"_id":"885400","name":"Sample_Depth","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Sample depth

","units":{"_id":"","name":"meters (m)"},"type":{"_id":"808","name":"depth","description":"

Observation/sample depth below the sea surface. Units often reported as: meters, feet.

\nWhen used in a JGOFS/GLOBEC dataset the depth is a best estimate; usually but not always calculated from pressure; calculated either from CTD pressure using Fofonoff and Millard (1982; UNESCO Tech Paper #44) algorithm adjusted for 1980 equation of state for seawater (EOS80) or simply equivalent to nominal depth as recorded during sampling if CTD pressure was unavailable.

"}},{"_id":"885401","name":"Ni_D_CONC_BOTTLE_yls3r7","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Total dissolved Ni (<0.2 um) by Niskin or similar water sampling bottle

","units":{"_id":"","name":"nanomoles per kilogram (nmol/kg)"},"type":{"_id":"820060","name":"Ni","description":"

Nickel (Ni)

"}},{"_id":"885402","name":"SD1_Ni_D_CONC_BOTTLE_yls3r7","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

One standard deviation of Ni_D_CONC_BOTTLE_yls3r7

","units":{"_id":"","name":"nanomoles per kilogram (nmol/kg)"},"type":{"_id":"820060","name":"Ni","description":"

Nickel (Ni)

"}},{"_id":"885403","name":"Flag_Ni_D_CONC_BOTTLE_yls3r7","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Quality flag for Ni_D_CONC_BOTTLE_yls3r7

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1144","name":"q_flag","description":"

quality flag; based on a PI established code; identifies a problem/quality issue with sample(s) from a given water bottle or single observation

"}},{"_id":"885404","name":"Cu_D_CONC_BOTTLE_assjff","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Total dissolved Cu (<0.2 um) by Niskin or similar water sampling bottle

","units":{"_id":"","name":"nanomoles per kilogram (nmol/kg)"},"type":{"_id":"707579","name":"Cu","description":"

Copper (Cu)

"}},{"_id":"885405","name":"SD1_Cu_D_CONC_BOTTLE_assjff","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

One standard deviation of Cu_D_CONC_BOTTLE_assjff

","units":{"_id":"","name":"nanomoles per kilogram (nmol/kg)"},"type":{"_id":"707579","name":"Cu","description":"

Copper (Cu)

"}},{"_id":"885406","name":"Flag_Cu_D_CONC_BOTTLE_assjff","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Quality flag for Cu_D_CONC_BOTTLE_assjff

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1144","name":"q_flag","description":"

quality flag; based on a PI established code; identifies a problem/quality issue with sample(s) from a given water bottle or single observation

"}},{"_id":"885407","name":"Ni_D_CONC_FISH_lw70p6","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Total dissolved Ni (<0.2 um) by trace-metal clean towed surface sampler

","units":{"_id":"","name":"nanomoles per kilogram (nmol/kg)"},"type":{"_id":"820060","name":"Ni","description":"

Nickel (Ni)

"}},{"_id":"885408","name":"SD1_Ni_D_CONC_FISH_lw70p6","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

One standard deviation of Ni_D_CONC_FISH_lw70p6

","units":{"_id":"","name":"nanomoles per kilogram (nmol/kg)"},"type":{"_id":"820060","name":"Ni","description":"

Nickel (Ni)

"}},{"_id":"885409","name":"Flag_Ni_D_CONC_FISH_lw70p6","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Quality flag for Ni_D_CONC_FISH_lw70p6

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1144","name":"q_flag","description":"

quality flag; based on a PI established code; identifies a problem/quality issue with sample(s) from a given water bottle or single observation

"}},{"_id":"885410","name":"Cu_D_CONC_FISH_dyigib","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Total dissolved Cu (<0.2 um) by trace-metal clean towed surface sampler

","units":{"_id":"","name":"nanomoles per kilogram (nmol/kg)"},"type":{"_id":"707579","name":"Cu","description":"

Copper (Cu)

"}},{"_id":"885411","name":"SD1_Cu_D_CONC_FISH_dyigib","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

One standard deviation of Cu_D_CONC_FISH_dyigib

","units":{"_id":"","name":"nanomoles per kilogram (nmol/kg)"},"type":{"_id":"707579","name":"Cu","description":"

Copper (Cu)

"}},{"_id":"885412","name":"Flag_Cu_D_CONC_FISH_dyigib","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Quality flag for Cu_D_CONC_FISH_dyigib

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1144","name":"q_flag","description":"

quality flag; based on a PI established code; identifies a problem/quality issue with sample(s) from a given water bottle or single observation

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Indicates datasets which are continued by this dataset, such as time series, repeat sampling locations, or two sections of one cruise.

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