http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/886227 eng; USA utf8 dataset Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact 2023-01-03 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Biogeochemical data from sediment cores collected from a shallow, sandy subterranean estuary (STE) in Virginia USA from 2018 to 2019 2023-01-03 publication 2023-01-03 revision Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA) 2023-03-27 publication https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.886227.1 Iris C. Anderson Virginia Institute of Marine Science principalInvestigator Bongkeun Song Virginia Institute of Marine Science principalInvestigator Craig Tobias University of Connecticut principalInvestigator Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. publisher Cite this dataset as: Wilson, S. J., Song, B., Anderson, I. C., Tobias, C. (2023) Biogeochemical data from sediment cores collected from a shallow, sandy subterranean estuary (STE) in Virginia USA from 2018 to 2019. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2023-01-03 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.886227.1 [access date] Sediment Core Biogeochemistry Dataset Description: Methods and Sampling: &lt;p&gt;These data were collected during 2018-2019&amp;nbsp;from a sandy subterranean estuary (STE) located in Gloucester Point, Virginia, USA (37.248884, -76.505324). In four seasons, a vibracore collected a sediment core roughly 100 centimeters (cm) in length from the mid-tide line of the beach during low tide. Cores were sectioned into ten-centimeter increments. Extractable nutrient concentrations in potassium chloride extracts were analyzed for NOx (nitrate + nitrite), nitrite, and ammonium with a Lachat autoanalyzer. Core sections were used in isotope tracer incubations with 15N-labeled substrates to measure potential denitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) rates. Briefly, 1 gram (g) of the composited sediment from each 10 cm section was used in sediment slurry incubation experiments. Samples were incubated for 6, 12, or 24 hours in sealed, helium-flushed 12 milliliter (mL) exetainer vials (Labco) at the measured in situ temperature. Denitrification rate incubations were amended with 100 nanomoles ¹⁵NO₃⁻ (99 atm%, Cambridge Isotope Laboratories, Inc.), and ²⁹,³⁰N₂ products were measured using a gas bench isotope ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS, Delta V Plus, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA). To measure potential anammox rates, 500 nanomoles of ¹⁵NH₄⁺ (99 atm%, Cambridge Isotope Laboratories, Inc.) and 100 nmoles ¹⁴NO₂⁻ were added to the sediment slurries; the production of ²⁹N₂ was measured by IRMS. N₂ production rates were calculated using the methods described by (Song and Tobias, 2011). All incubations were conducted in duplicate.&lt;/p&gt; Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1657801 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1657801 completed Iris C. Anderson Virginia Institute of Marine Science 757-876-9436 P.O Box 1346 Gloucester Point VA 23062 USA iris@vims.edu pointOfContact Bongkeun Song Virginia Institute of Marine Science 804-684-7411 P.O Box 1346 Gloucester Point VA 23692 USA songb@vims.edu pointOfContact Craig Tobias University of Connecticut 860-405-9140 1080 Shennecossett Rd. Groton CT 06340 USA craig.tobias@uconn.edu pointOfContact asNeeded Dataset Version: 1 Unknown Latitude Longitude Depth_cm Season Date Tidal_Stage Extractable_NOx Extractable_NO2 Extractable_NH3 Anammox Anammox_std_dev Denitrification Denitrification_std_dev Delta V Plus, Thermo Fisher Scientific Lachat QuikChem 8000 vibracore theme None, User defined latitude longitude depth core season date site description nitrate plus nitrite Nitrite Ammonium Nitrification and denitrification rates featureType BCO-DMO Standard Parameters Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer Nutrient Autoanalyzer Vibracore instrument BCO-DMO Standard Instruments otherRestrictions otherRestrictions Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use. Collaborative Research: Cryptic nitrogen cycling in the anoxic subterranean estuary https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/805722 Collaborative Research: Cryptic nitrogen cycling in the anoxic subterranean estuary <p><em>NSF Award Abstract:</em><br /> Nitrogen is an important nutrient that maintains high coastal ecosystem productivity. Yet excess nitrogen delivery can cause serious water quality deterioration including harmful algal blooms, fish kills, and oxygen free dead zones. Numerous nitrogen transformations regulate the balance between nitrogen delivery and nitrogen removal in coastal environments and the majority of these reactions occur in sediments where seawater passes through the subsurface and mixes with groundwater transported from uplands. This mixing zone, referred to as the subterranean estuary, is characterized by very different geochemistry than either the seawater above it or the groundwater below it. Thus, it has the potential to host a variety of unique reactions that affect nitrogen availability to the overlying water. Scientists from the College of William and Mary, Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS), and the University of Connecticut (UConn) propose to examine the importance of a cryptic nitrogen cycle, a novel and potentially widespread nitrogen cycling process in the subterranean estuary. The cryptic nitrogen cycle comprises anoxic ammonium oxidation to nitrite (anoxic nitrification) coupled with anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) or denitrification producing harmless dinitrogen gas. The proposed project represents highly transformative science because it has the potential to change the current paradigm detailing operation of the biogeochemical nitrogen cycle in anoxic environments. Occurrence of the cryptic nitrogen cycle would have broad implications for the nitrogen budget of terrestrial and groundwater systems and the coastal ocean. Characterization of the cryptic nitrogen cycle will allow us to better understand interactions among the nitrogen, metals, and sulfur cycles, and potential impacts of ongoing human modification of coastal environments. Educational contribution of this project focuses on graduate and undergraduate student training. Two graduate students at VIMS and UConn will receive interdisciplinary training in microbiology, molecular ecology, and biogeochemistry while several undergraduates recruited through the VIMS REU (Research Experience for Undergraduates) Program and the UConn marine science programs will also participate in the project. In addition, three summer undergraduate interns will be recruited from Hampton University, a historically Black college, and trained to enhance minority education and research in marine science. Public outreach will be achieved through popular venues such as VIMS Marine Science Day, and the VIMS After Hours Public Lecture Series at VIMS. Tobias at UConn also provides educational contributions and outreach efforts through the UConn Marine Scholars and Early College Experience programs and an exhibit at Mystic Aquarium.</p> <p>A cryptic nitrogen cycle is proposed as a new process coupling anoxic nitrification to microbial nitrogen removal pathways such as anammox and denitrification. Unlike anammox, which refers to the oxidation of ammonium by nitrite to form dinitrogen (N2) gas, anoxic nitrification occurs by oxidation of ammonium in the absence of oxygen using other common chemical oxidants such as metal oxides (namely, Fe and Mn) or sulfate, abundant in many marine and coastal systems. The thermodynamic favorability of these reactions relies on coupling nitrite formed via these oxidants with anammox or denitrification. Due to the coupling, nitrite will not accumulate or be measurable in anoxic marine systems. Thus, a cryptic N cycle responsible for nitrite production can occur as a novel N transforming process in anoxic environments, serve as a vital link to N2 production, and attenuate N loads discharging from a subterranean estuary (STE). Preliminary results from a STE in the York River Estuary located in Virginia showed substantial N2 production, representing removal of 50-75% of the fixed groundwater N, in ferruginous and sulfidic zones where neither nitrite nor nitrate were detectable. Stable isotope incubation experiments using the 15N tracer and molecular analysis of microbial communities suggest that coupled anoxic nitrification and anammox processes are the dominant N2 production pathways rather than canonical denitrification in the STE. Therefore, coupled anoxic nitrification-anammox in coastal groundwater may be a major unrecognized sink for fixed nitrogen at the land-sea interface. In addition to coastal groundwater, the cryptic N cycle has potential importance in anoxic zones and ocean basins. This proposal focuses on the STE because geochemical conditions there appear optimal for the proposed reactions to occur, and our preliminary data show strong evidence for a cryptic N cycle. The proposed work uses a combined geochemical, 15N isotope tracer and microbiological approach to evaluate environmental controls on the cryptic N cycle as well as to estimate its contribution to reduction of fixed N fluxes to the coastal ocean. Four approaches are proposed: (1) Field characterization of anoxic nitrification reactions and associated microbial communities in a subterranean estuary; (2) Laboratory incubation experiments to identify hotspots of the cryptic N cycle; (3) Controlled microcosm experiments to determine geochemical controls on anoxic nitrification; and (4) in situ assessment of anoxic nitrification to estimate the importance of the cryptic N cycle in a coastal aquifer.</p> Subsurface cryptic N cycle largerWorkCitation project eng; USA oceans -76.505324 -76.505324 37.248884 37.248884 2018-04-10 2019-01-16 Temperate (Mid-Atlantic), Sandy Beach along the York River Estuary, Gloucester Point, Virginia, USA (37.24884N/76.505324W) 0 BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Biogeochemical data from sediment cores collected from a shallow, sandy subterranean estuary (STE) in Virginia USA from 2018 to 2019 Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/886239.rdf Name: Latitude Units: degrees North Description: <p>Latitude of sampling location</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/886240.rdf Name: Longitude Units: degrees East Description: <p>Longitude of sampling location</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/886241.rdf Name: Depth_cm Units: centimeters (cm) Description: <p>Depth section of core denoted by the top of that section, e.g. 10 cm indicates the core section from 10-20cm.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/886242.rdf Name: Season Units: unitless Description: <p>Season in which the samples were collected (Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter)</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/886243.rdf Name: Date Units: unitless Description: <p>Date of sample collection</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/886244.rdf Name: Tidal_Stage Units: unitless Description: <p>The tidal stage during which cores were collected</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/886245.rdf Name: Extractable_NOx Units: uM (micromolar) Description: <p>Concentration of NOx (nitrate + nitrite) measured in sediment KCl extract in umoles/L</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/886246.rdf Name: Extractable_NO2 Units: uM (micromolar) Description: <p>Concentration of NO2 (nitrite) measured in sediment KCl extract in umoles/L</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/886247.rdf Name: Extractable_NH3 Units: uM (micromolar) Description: <p>Concentration of NH4 (ammonium) measured in sediment KCl extract in umoles/L</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/886248.rdf Name: Anammox Units: millimoles per square meter per day (mmoles m-2 d-1) Description: <p>Measured mean potential anammox rate in mmoles/m2/day in duplicate sediment slurry incubation</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/886249.rdf Name: Anammox_std_dev Units: millimoles per square meter per day (mmoles m-2 d-1) Description: <p>Anammox standard deviation of duplicate samples</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/886250.rdf Name: Denitrification Units: millimoles per square meter per day (mmoles m-2 d-1) Description: <p>Measured mean potential denitrification rate in mmoles/m2/day in duplicate sediment slurry incubation</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/886251.rdf Name: Denitrification_std_dev Units: millimoles per square meter per day (mmoles m-2 d-1) Description: <p>Denitrification standard deviation of duplicate samples</p> GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact 3945 https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/8638a9ae-8a42-4d2c-b771-0314f727aac5/content download https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.886227.1 download onLine dataset &lt;p&gt;These data were collected during 2018-2019&amp;nbsp;from a sandy subterranean estuary (STE) located in Gloucester Point, Virginia, USA (37.248884, -76.505324). In four seasons, a vibracore collected a sediment core roughly 100 centimeters (cm) in length from the mid-tide line of the beach during low tide. Cores were sectioned into ten-centimeter increments. Extractable nutrient concentrations in potassium chloride extracts were analyzed for NOx (nitrate + nitrite), nitrite, and ammonium with a Lachat autoanalyzer. Core sections were used in isotope tracer incubations with 15N-labeled substrates to measure potential denitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) rates. Briefly, 1 gram (g) of the composited sediment from each 10 cm section was used in sediment slurry incubation experiments. Samples were incubated for 6, 12, or 24 hours in sealed, helium-flushed 12 milliliter (mL) exetainer vials (Labco) at the measured in situ temperature. Denitrification rate incubations were amended with 100 nanomoles ¹⁵NO₃⁻ (99 atm%, Cambridge Isotope Laboratories, Inc.), and ²⁹,³⁰N₂ products were measured using a gas bench isotope ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS, Delta V Plus, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA). To measure potential anammox rates, 500 nanomoles of ¹⁵NH₄⁺ (99 atm%, Cambridge Isotope Laboratories, Inc.) and 100 nmoles ¹⁴NO₂⁻ were added to the sediment slurries; the production of ²⁹N₂ was measured by IRMS. N₂ production rates were calculated using the methods described by (Song and Tobias, 2011). All incubations were conducted in duplicate.&lt;/p&gt; Specified by the Principal Investigator(s) &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;BCO-DMO Processing:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt; - split the Location column into Latitude and Longitude columns;&lt;br /&gt; - converted Longitude values from positive to negative (to indicate West direction);&lt;br /&gt; - converted date to YYYY-MM-DD format;&lt;br /&gt; - renamed fields to comply with BCO-DMO naming conventions.&lt;/p&gt; Specified by the Principal Investigator(s) asNeeded 7.x-1.1 Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact Delta V Plus, Thermo Fisher Scientific Delta V Plus, Thermo Fisher Scientific PI Supplied Instrument Name: Delta V Plus, Thermo Fisher Scientific PI Supplied Instrument Description:Gas bench isotope ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS) Delta V Plus, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA. Instrument Name: Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer Instrument Short Name:IR Mass Spec; IRMS Instrument Description: The Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer is a particular type of mass spectrometer used to measure the relative abundance of isotopes in a given sample (e.g. VG Prism II Isotope Ratio Mass-Spectrometer). Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB16/ Lachat QuikChem 8000 Lachat QuikChem 8000 PI Supplied Instrument Name: Lachat QuikChem 8000 PI Supplied Instrument Description:Lachat QuikChem 8000 automated ion analyzer Lachat In- struments, Milwaukee, WI, USA; detection limits for NO3−, NH4+, and PO43− are 0.20, 0.36, and 0.16 μM, respectively. Instrument Name: Nutrient Autoanalyzer Instrument Short Name:Nutrient Autoanalyzer Instrument Description: Nutrient Autoanalyzer is a generic term used when specific type, make and model were not specified. In general, a Nutrient Autoanalyzer is an automated flow-thru system for doing nutrient analysis (nitrate, ammonium, orthophosphate, and silicate) on seawater samples. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB04/ vibracore vibracore PI Supplied Instrument Name: vibracore Instrument Name: Vibracore Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: Vibracoring is a sediment sampling technology to obtain undisturbed cores of unconsolidated, sediment in saturated or nearly saturated conditions by driving sampling tubes with a high-frequency-low-amplitude vibrating device. During sediment coring, the high-frequency vibration transfers the energy to the sediment and aids in the liquefaction of the surrounding sediment. It greatly reduces the friction between the core tube and sediment and eases the core tube to penetrate into the sediment layer. Comparing to non-vibratory coring devices, such as box cores, gravity cores, and piston cores, vibracore has higher core sample recoveries. Vibracorers are effective in both shallow and deep environments. They retrieve core samples with different lengths depending on sediment lithology.