http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/891365
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2023-03-07
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
CSIA-AA comparison between live polyps and outer proteinaceous skeletal material in three taxons of North Pacific deep-sea corals
2023-03-07
publication
2023-03-07
revision
BCO-DMO Linked Data URI
2023-03-07
creation
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/891365
Thomas Guilderson
University of California-Santa Cruz
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Guilderson, T. (2023) CSIA-AA comparison between live polyps and outer proteinaceous skeletal material in three taxons of North Pacific deep-sea corals. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2023-03-07 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/891365 [access date]
Methods and Sampling: <div>
<div id="form_methodology">Methods &amp; Sampling
<p>Live coral samples were collected with DSRV or ROV. &nbsp;Once on-board polyps samples were removed using semi-sterile techniques and frozen until further analysis.</p>
<p><em>Isidella </em>proteinaceous skeletons were washed first in sea then fresh water and air dried on deck. &nbsp;On shore, cross-sectional disks ("cookies" in the parlance of dendrochronologists) were cut from near the basal attachment using a water-lubricated diamond band saw. &nbsp;The proteinaceous nodes of&nbsp;<em>Isidella</em>&nbsp;were separated from the carbonate internodes with a scalpel.</p>
<p>Cross-sectional disks were approximately 1 cm in thickness. &nbsp;Disks were mounted on glass slides and polished.</p>
<p>The outermost edge of the protein skeleton (~200mm radial depth, 5-7mm band parallel to the growth axis) from all three species was sampled with a computerized Merchantek micromill. For bulk&nbsp;δ13C&nbsp;analyses of skeleton, a subset of each skeleton sample was individually acid washed in 1N HCl in glass vials for four hours, rinsed three times in Milli-Q&nbsp;water, and dried over night at 50°C to remove calcium carbonate and isolate the organic fraction of the skeleton. Bulk&nbsp;δ15N&nbsp;analyses were conducted on non-acidified skeleton samples. Deep-sea coral polyp tissues are very lipid rich, and therefore a subset of each polyp sample was lipid extracted three times following the conventional&nbsp;methanol/chloroform protocol prior to&nbsp;δ13C&nbsp;analysis.&nbsp;Bulk&nbsp;δ15N&nbsp;analyses were conducted on non-lipid extracted polyp samples. Compound-specific stable isotopes of amino acids (CSI-AA)&nbsp;δ13C&nbsp;and&nbsp;δ15N&nbsp;analyses were conducted on lipid-extracted polyp tissue samples and acidified skeleton samples to improve chromatography.</p>
<p>Bulk stable carbon (δ13C) and stable nitrogen (δ15N) isotopes&nbsp;were measured on a 0.3 mg aliquot of each sample using a Carlo Erba 1108 elemental analyzer interfaced to a Thermo Finnegan Delta Plus XP isotope ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS) at the Stable Isotope Lab, University of California, Santa Cruz. Raw isotope values were corrected for instrument drift and linearity effects, calibrated against the in house isotopic reference materials of the Stable Isotope lab (http://emerald.ucsc.edu/~silab/), and reported in per mil (‰) relative to Vienna PeeDee Belemnite and air for carbon and nitrogen, respectively. Reproducibility of two lab standards was 0.05‰ and 0.15‰ for carbon and nitrogen isotopes, respectively.</p>
<p>CSIA was conducted on 3 mg of polyp tissue and proteinaceous skeleton for&nbsp;δ13C&nbsp;and 6 mg for&nbsp;δ15N. Samples were acid hydrolyzed in 1 ml of 6 N HCl at 110°C for 20 hrs to isolate the total free AAs and then evaporated to dryness under a gentle stream of ultra-high purity (UHP) N<sub>2</sub>. All samples were redissolved in 0.01N HCl and passed through 0.45mm Millipore glass-fiber filters followed by rinses with additional 0.01N HCl. Samples were then passed through individual cation exchange columns (Dowex 50WX* 400 ion exchange resin), rinsed with 0.01N HCl, and eluted into muffled glassware with 2N ammonia hydroxide. Dried samples were derivatized by esterification with acidified iso-propanol followed by acylation with trifluoroacetic anhydride. Derivatized samples were extracted with&nbsp;P-buffer (KH<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>&nbsp;+ Na<sub>2</sub>HPO<sub>4</sub>&nbsp;in Milli-Q water, pH 7) and chloroform three times with centrifugation (600 g) and organic phase extraction between each round. Samples were once again&nbsp;evaporated to dryness under a gentle stream of UHP N<sub>2&nbsp;</sub>prior to neutralization with 2N HCl at 110°C for 5 min. Dried samples were acylated once again and then brought up in ethyl acetate for CSIA.</p>
<p>For AA&nbsp;δ13C&nbsp;analyses, the derivatized AAs were injected in split mode at 250°C and separated on a DB-5 column (50 m x 0.5 mm inner diameter; 0.25&nbsp;mm film thickness; Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, California, USA) in a Thermo Trace Ultra gas chromatograph (GC) at the University of California, Santa Cruz. The separated AA peaks were analyzed on a Finnegan MAT Delta<sup>Plus</sup>&nbsp;XL IRMS interfaced to the GC through a GC-C III combustion furnace (960°C) and reduction furnace (630°C). For AA&nbsp;δ15N&nbsp;analyses, the derivatized AAs were injected in splitless mode at 250 °C and separated on a BPX5 column (60 m x 0.32 mm inner diameter, 1.0&nbsp;mm film thickness; SGE Analytical Science, Austin, Texas, USA) in the same CG-C-IRMS interfaced through a combustion furnace (980°C), reduction furnace (650°C), and a liquid nitrogen trap.&nbsp;</p>
<p>Instrument description:</p>
</div>
<div id="form_instruments">
<p>For bulk isotopes:</p>
<p>Carlo Erba 1108 elemental analyzer interfaced to a Thermo Finnegan Delta Plus XP isotope ratio mass spectrometer&nbsp;</p>
<p>CSIA-AA:</p>
<p>For AA&nbsp;δ13C&nbsp;analyses, the derivatized AAs were injected in split mode at 250°C and separated on a DB-5 column (50 m x 0.5 mm inner diameter; 0.25&nbsp;mm film thickness; Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, California, USA) in a Thermo Trace Ultra gas chromatograph (GC) at the University of California, Santa Cruz. The separated AA peaks were analyzed on a Finnegan MAT Delta<sup>Plus</sup>&nbsp;XL IRMS interfaced to the GC through a GC-C III combustion furnace (960°C) and reduction furnace (630°C). For AA&nbsp;δ15N&nbsp;analyses, the derivatized AAs were injected in splitless mode at 250 °C and separated on a BPX5 column (60 m x 0.32 mm inner diameter, 1.0&nbsp;mm film thickness; SGE Analytical Science, Austin, Texas, USA) in the same CG-C-IRMS interfaced through a combustion furnace (980°C), reduction furnace (650°C), and a liquid nitrogen trap.</p>
<p>Abbreviations:<br />
<br />
AA&nbsp; = amino acids<br />
CSI-AA =&nbsp;Compound-specific stable isotopes of amino acids</p>
</div>
Ala = Alanine</div>
<div>Asp&nbsp;=&nbsp;Asparagine + aspartic acid</div>
<div>Glu&nbsp;=&nbsp;Glutamine + glutamic acid</div>
<div>Gly&nbsp;=&nbsp;Glycine</div>
<div>Ile&nbsp;=&nbsp;Isoleucine</div>
<div>Leu&nbsp;=&nbsp;Leucine</div>
<div>Phe&nbsp;=&nbsp;Phenylalanine</div>
<div>Pro&nbsp;=&nbsp;Proline</div>
<div>Ser&nbsp;=&nbsp;Serine</div>
<div>Thr &nbsp;=&nbsp;Threonine</div>
<div>Val &nbsp;=&nbsp;Valine<br />
<br />
Taxonomic identifiers:<br />
<br />
<em>Primnoa pacifica</em>,&nbsp;urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:286539<br />
<em>Isidella</em>, urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:125305<br />
<em>Kulamanamana haumeaae</em>,&nbsp;urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:715097</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1635527 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1635527
onGoing
Thomas Guilderson
University of California-Santa Cruz
925-422-1753
Ocean Sciences Department 1156 High St
Santa Cruz
CA
95060
USA
tguilder@ucsc.edu
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: 1
Unknown
Carlo Erba 1108 elemental analyzer
Thermo Trace Ultra gas chromatograph (GC)
GC/C/IRMS
Finnegan MAT DeltaPlus XL IRMS
Thermo Finnegan Delta Plus XP
theme
None, User defined
Elemental Analyzer
Gas Chromatograph
Gas Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer
Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer
Mass Spectrometer
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
Development and application of CSI-AA biogeochemistry reconstructions in deep-sea corals to study decadal-centennial variability in the North Pacific
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/882519
Development and application of CSI-AA biogeochemistry reconstructions in deep-sea corals to study decadal-centennial variability in the North Pacific
<p><em>NSF Award Abstract:</em><br />
Oceanic biological-ecosystem variability reflects dynamic physical processes in the ocean. This research aims to use newly-developed, state-of-the-art analyses of the chemical composition of deep-sea corals to examine how biogeochemical changes and shifts in plankton populations are related to environmental changes over the past few centuries. The project focuses on the Northeast Pacific Arc, which includes the Gulf of Alaska and the California Current System (CCS). Here instrumental records of sea surface temperature, sea level pressure, and coastal surface temperature reveal a consistent pattern of multi-decadal-scale changes in the North Pacific Basin. Funding supports training of one graduate student, one postdoctoral fellow, and offers research experiences for UCSC undergraduates, community college students, and high school students. The research team has partnered with the UCSC Seymour Marine Discovery Center to establish a new permanent exhibit highlighting deep-sea corals and climate-related ecosystem change.</p>
<p>The central goal of this research is to couple high resolution records of past environments derived from deep-sea proteinaceous corals together with new compound-specific amino acid isotope (CSI-AA) measurements to create reconstructions of both biogeochemical change (e.g., source of nitrogen) and basic plankton ecosystem shifts crossing the Northeast Pacific Arc. Using sediment trap and live-collected samples, the research team will develop a more intimate understanding of, and establish explicit links between export production and the CSI-AA baseline values and patterns recorded in proteinaceous deep-sea corals. They will apply this knowledge to provide new insight into the underlying mechanisms of North East Pacific ecosystem change over the last 300-500 years. Overarching questions guiding this research are: 1) Are there structural, secular, long-term changes in NE Pacific Arc food webs beyond the Pacific Decadal Oscillation?, 2) If yes, how are these reflected in the community structure at the base of the food web?, and 3) How has community structure and sources of nitrate at the base of the food-web shifted in response to these changes?</p>
Deep Sea Coral Reconstruction
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
oceans
2023-03-07
North Pacific, including Central California Coast (eg Monterey Bay, Sur Ridge, Pioneer Seamount), Gulf of Alaska, North Pacific Gyre (eg Main Hawaiian Islands)
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from CSIA-AA comparison between live polyps and outer proteinaceous skeletal material in three taxons of North Pacific deep-sea corals
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/dataset/891365/data/download
download
onLine
dataset
<div>
<div id="form_methodology">Methods &amp; Sampling
<p>Live coral samples were collected with DSRV or ROV. &nbsp;Once on-board polyps samples were removed using semi-sterile techniques and frozen until further analysis.</p>
<p><em>Isidella </em>proteinaceous skeletons were washed first in sea then fresh water and air dried on deck. &nbsp;On shore, cross-sectional disks ("cookies" in the parlance of dendrochronologists) were cut from near the basal attachment using a water-lubricated diamond band saw. &nbsp;The proteinaceous nodes of&nbsp;<em>Isidella</em>&nbsp;were separated from the carbonate internodes with a scalpel.</p>
<p>Cross-sectional disks were approximately 1 cm in thickness. &nbsp;Disks were mounted on glass slides and polished.</p>
<p>The outermost edge of the protein skeleton (~200mm radial depth, 5-7mm band parallel to the growth axis) from all three species was sampled with a computerized Merchantek micromill. For bulk&nbsp;δ13C&nbsp;analyses of skeleton, a subset of each skeleton sample was individually acid washed in 1N HCl in glass vials for four hours, rinsed three times in Milli-Q&nbsp;water, and dried over night at 50°C to remove calcium carbonate and isolate the organic fraction of the skeleton. Bulk&nbsp;δ15N&nbsp;analyses were conducted on non-acidified skeleton samples. Deep-sea coral polyp tissues are very lipid rich, and therefore a subset of each polyp sample was lipid extracted three times following the conventional&nbsp;methanol/chloroform protocol prior to&nbsp;δ13C&nbsp;analysis.&nbsp;Bulk&nbsp;δ15N&nbsp;analyses were conducted on non-lipid extracted polyp samples. Compound-specific stable isotopes of amino acids (CSI-AA)&nbsp;δ13C&nbsp;and&nbsp;δ15N&nbsp;analyses were conducted on lipid-extracted polyp tissue samples and acidified skeleton samples to improve chromatography.</p>
<p>Bulk stable carbon (δ13C) and stable nitrogen (δ15N) isotopes&nbsp;were measured on a 0.3 mg aliquot of each sample using a Carlo Erba 1108 elemental analyzer interfaced to a Thermo Finnegan Delta Plus XP isotope ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS) at the Stable Isotope Lab, University of California, Santa Cruz. Raw isotope values were corrected for instrument drift and linearity effects, calibrated against the in house isotopic reference materials of the Stable Isotope lab (http://emerald.ucsc.edu/~silab/), and reported in per mil (‰) relative to Vienna PeeDee Belemnite and air for carbon and nitrogen, respectively. Reproducibility of two lab standards was 0.05‰ and 0.15‰ for carbon and nitrogen isotopes, respectively.</p>
<p>CSIA was conducted on 3 mg of polyp tissue and proteinaceous skeleton for&nbsp;δ13C&nbsp;and 6 mg for&nbsp;δ15N. Samples were acid hydrolyzed in 1 ml of 6 N HCl at 110°C for 20 hrs to isolate the total free AAs and then evaporated to dryness under a gentle stream of ultra-high purity (UHP) N<sub>2</sub>. All samples were redissolved in 0.01N HCl and passed through 0.45mm Millipore glass-fiber filters followed by rinses with additional 0.01N HCl. Samples were then passed through individual cation exchange columns (Dowex 50WX* 400 ion exchange resin), rinsed with 0.01N HCl, and eluted into muffled glassware with 2N ammonia hydroxide. Dried samples were derivatized by esterification with acidified iso-propanol followed by acylation with trifluoroacetic anhydride. Derivatized samples were extracted with&nbsp;P-buffer (KH<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>&nbsp;+ Na<sub>2</sub>HPO<sub>4</sub>&nbsp;in Milli-Q water, pH 7) and chloroform three times with centrifugation (600 g) and organic phase extraction between each round. Samples were once again&nbsp;evaporated to dryness under a gentle stream of UHP N<sub>2&nbsp;</sub>prior to neutralization with 2N HCl at 110°C for 5 min. Dried samples were acylated once again and then brought up in ethyl acetate for CSIA.</p>
<p>For AA&nbsp;δ13C&nbsp;analyses, the derivatized AAs were injected in split mode at 250°C and separated on a DB-5 column (50 m x 0.5 mm inner diameter; 0.25&nbsp;mm film thickness; Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, California, USA) in a Thermo Trace Ultra gas chromatograph (GC) at the University of California, Santa Cruz. The separated AA peaks were analyzed on a Finnegan MAT Delta<sup>Plus</sup>&nbsp;XL IRMS interfaced to the GC through a GC-C III combustion furnace (960°C) and reduction furnace (630°C). For AA&nbsp;δ15N&nbsp;analyses, the derivatized AAs were injected in splitless mode at 250 °C and separated on a BPX5 column (60 m x 0.32 mm inner diameter, 1.0&nbsp;mm film thickness; SGE Analytical Science, Austin, Texas, USA) in the same CG-C-IRMS interfaced through a combustion furnace (980°C), reduction furnace (650°C), and a liquid nitrogen trap.&nbsp;</p>
<p>Instrument description:</p>
</div>
<div id="form_instruments">
<p>For bulk isotopes:</p>
<p>Carlo Erba 1108 elemental analyzer interfaced to a Thermo Finnegan Delta Plus XP isotope ratio mass spectrometer&nbsp;</p>
<p>CSIA-AA:</p>
<p>For AA&nbsp;δ13C&nbsp;analyses, the derivatized AAs were injected in split mode at 250°C and separated on a DB-5 column (50 m x 0.5 mm inner diameter; 0.25&nbsp;mm film thickness; Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, California, USA) in a Thermo Trace Ultra gas chromatograph (GC) at the University of California, Santa Cruz. The separated AA peaks were analyzed on a Finnegan MAT Delta<sup>Plus</sup>&nbsp;XL IRMS interfaced to the GC through a GC-C III combustion furnace (960°C) and reduction furnace (630°C). For AA&nbsp;δ15N&nbsp;analyses, the derivatized AAs were injected in splitless mode at 250 °C and separated on a BPX5 column (60 m x 0.32 mm inner diameter, 1.0&nbsp;mm film thickness; SGE Analytical Science, Austin, Texas, USA) in the same CG-C-IRMS interfaced through a combustion furnace (980°C), reduction furnace (650°C), and a liquid nitrogen trap.</p>
<p>Abbreviations:<br />
<br />
AA&nbsp; = amino acids<br />
CSI-AA =&nbsp;Compound-specific stable isotopes of amino acids</p>
</div>
Ala = Alanine</div>
<div>Asp&nbsp;=&nbsp;Asparagine + aspartic acid</div>
<div>Glu&nbsp;=&nbsp;Glutamine + glutamic acid</div>
<div>Gly&nbsp;=&nbsp;Glycine</div>
<div>Ile&nbsp;=&nbsp;Isoleucine</div>
<div>Leu&nbsp;=&nbsp;Leucine</div>
<div>Phe&nbsp;=&nbsp;Phenylalanine</div>
<div>Pro&nbsp;=&nbsp;Proline</div>
<div>Ser&nbsp;=&nbsp;Serine</div>
<div>Thr &nbsp;=&nbsp;Threonine</div>
<div>Val &nbsp;=&nbsp;Valine<br />
<br />
Taxonomic identifiers:<br />
<br />
<em>Primnoa pacifica</em>,&nbsp;urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:286539<br />
<em>Isidella</em>, urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:125305<br />
<em>Kulamanamana haumeaae</em>,&nbsp;urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:715097</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
Carlo Erba 1108 elemental analyzer
Carlo Erba 1108 elemental analyzer
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Carlo Erba 1108 elemental analyzer PI Supplied Instrument Description:For bulk isotopes:
Carlo Erba 1108 elemental analyzer interfaced to a Thermo Finnegan Delta Plus XP isotope ratio mass spectrometer. Instrument Name: Elemental Analyzer Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: Instruments that quantify carbon, nitrogen and sometimes other elements by combusting the sample at very high temperature and assaying the resulting gaseous oxides. Usually used for samples including organic material. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB01/
Thermo Trace Ultra gas chromatograph (GC)
Thermo Trace Ultra gas chromatograph (GC)
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Thermo Trace Ultra gas chromatograph (GC) PI Supplied Instrument Description:Compound-specific stable isotopes of amino acids (CSI-AA):
For AA δ13C analyses, the derivatized AAs were injected in split mode at 250°C and separated on a DB-5 column (50 m x 0.5 mm inner diameter; 0.25 mm film thickness; Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, California, USA) in a Thermo Trace Ultra gas chromatograph (GC) at the University of California, Santa Cruz. The separated AA peaks were analyzed on a Finnegan MAT DeltaPlus XL IRMS interfaced to the GC through a GC-C III combustion furnace (960°C) and reduction furnace (630°C). For AA δ15N analyses, the derivatized AAs were injected in splitless mode at 250 °C and separated on a BPX5 column (60 m x 0.32 mm inner diameter, 1.0 mm film thickness; SGE Analytical Science, Austin, Texas, USA) in the same CG-C-IRMS interfaced through a combustion furnace (980°C), reduction furnace (650°C), and a liquid nitrogen trap. Instrument Name: Gas Chromatograph Instrument Short Name:Gas Chromatograph Instrument Description: Instrument separating gases, volatile substances, or substances dissolved in a volatile solvent by transporting an inert gas through a column packed with a sorbent to a detector for assay. (from SeaDataNet, BODC) Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB02/
GC/C/IRMS
GC/C/IRMS
PI Supplied Instrument Name: GC/C/IRMS PI Supplied Instrument Description:Gas Chromatography Combustion Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry (GC/C/IRMS).
For AA δ13C analyses, the derivatized AAs were injected in split mode at 250°C and separated on a DB-5 column (50 m x 0.5 mm inner diameter; 0.25 mm film thickness; Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, California, USA) in a Thermo Trace Ultra gas chromatograph (GC) at the University of California, Santa Cruz. The separated AA peaks were analyzed on a Finnegan MAT DeltaPlus XL IRMS interfaced to the GC through a GC-C III combustion furnace (960°C) and reduction furnace (630°C). For AA δ15N analyses, the derivatized AAs were injected in splitless mode at 250 °C and separated on a BPX5 column (60 m x 0.32 mm inner diameter, 1.0 mm film thickness; SGE Analytical Science, Austin, Texas, USA) in the same CG-C-IRMS interfaced through a combustion furnace (980°C), reduction furnace (650°C), and a liquid nitrogen trap.
Instrument Name: Gas Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: Instruments separating gases, volatile substances or substances dissolved in a volatile solvent by transporting an inert gas through a column packed with a sorbent to a detector for assay by a mass spectrometer.
Finnegan MAT DeltaPlus XL IRMS
Finnegan MAT DeltaPlus XL IRMS
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Finnegan MAT DeltaPlus XL IRMS PI Supplied Instrument Description:For AA δ13C analyses, the derivatized AAs were injected in split mode at 250°C and separated on a DB-5 column (50 m x 0.5 mm inner diameter; 0.25 mm film thickness; Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, California, USA) in a Thermo Trace Ultra gas chromatograph (GC) at the University of California, Santa Cruz. The separated AA peaks were analyzed on a Finnegan MAT DeltaPlus XL IRMS interfaced to the GC through a GC-C III combustion furnace (960°C) and reduction furnace (630°C). For AA δ15N analyses, the derivatized AAs were injected in splitless mode at 250 °C and separated on a BPX5 column (60 m x 0.32 mm inner diameter, 1.0 mm film thickness; SGE Analytical Science, Austin, Texas, USA) in the same CG-C-IRMS interfaced through a combustion furnace (980°C), reduction furnace (650°C), and a liquid nitrogen trap. Instrument Name: Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer Instrument Short Name:IR Mass Spec; IRMS Instrument Description: The Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer is a particular type of mass spectrometer used to measure the relative abundance of isotopes in a given sample (e.g. VG Prism II Isotope Ratio Mass-Spectrometer). Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB16/
Thermo Finnegan Delta Plus XP
Thermo Finnegan Delta Plus XP
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Thermo Finnegan Delta Plus XP PI Supplied Instrument Description:For bulk isotopes:
Carlo Erba 1108 elemental analyzer interfaced to a Thermo Finnegan Delta Plus XP isotope ratio mass spectrometer. Instrument Name: Mass Spectrometer Instrument Short Name:Mass Spec Instrument Description: General term for instruments used to measure the mass-to-charge ratio of ions; generally used to find the composition of a sample by generating a mass spectrum representing the masses of sample components. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB16/