http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/894169
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2023-04-18
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Macroalgal biomass data collected in the nearshore shallow subtidal during eight field experiments conducted at Cerro Mundo Bay in the Galapagos Islands between Sept 2021 and Apr 2023
2025-11-14
publication
2025-11-14
revision
Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA)
2024-04-05
publication
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.894169.1
John Bruno
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
principalInvestigator
Margarita Brandt
Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Bruno, J., Brandt, M., Silva, I., Agudo-Adriani, E. (2025) Macroalgal biomass data collected in the nearshore shallow subtidal during eight field experiments conducted at Cerro Mundo Bay in the Galapagos Islands between Sept 2021 and Apr 2023. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 2) Version Date 2025-11-14 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.894169.2 [access date]
Cerro Mundo Algal Ash-Free Dry Weight Dataset Description: Methods and Sampling: <p>We conducted a fully factorial 4x2 caging experiment (n=8) from September 2021 to April 2023 in a nearshore rocky subtidal habitat&nbsp;(~9-10 meters deep) at Cerro Mundo reef (0°52’06.0” S; 89°35’04.0” W), San Cristóbal Island, Galápagos. Sixty-four experimental cages were deployed at a depth of nine meters to simultaneously manipulate <em>in situ</em> grazer presence and nutrient availability across a natural temperature gradient. Cages were based on designs from Witman et al. (2017) and consisted of circular concrete platforms (diameter = 0.43 m, height = 0.06 m) with Aquamesh (plastic-coated, galvanized mesh, 0.05 m mesh size) incorporated as needed per cage design. Treatments provided varying degrees of herbivore exclusion: open plots with unrestricted grazer access; full exclusion cages preventing access by large herbivores (i.e., fish, urchins, turtles, and marine iguanas) but not mesograzers (e.g., amphipods, small gastropods); and grazer inclusion cages maintaining a constant density of a single urchin species.</p>
<p>Cage type was crossed with two nutrient levels: ambient and enriched. Nutrient enrichment was achieved by attaching two nutrient pillows (drawstring pouches, 0.001 m mesh size, 0.1 × 0.1 m) containing 50 g total of slow-release fertilizer (Osmocote, NPK 19-6-12, without micronutrients) to&nbsp;half of the cages.</p>
<p>Eight independent four-week trials were conducted during peak periods of the warm and cold seasons. To discern the effects of the treatments (cage type × nutrient level) on the productivity and dynamics of benthic macroalgae, biomass data&nbsp;was&nbsp;collected at the end of each trial.&nbsp;</p>
<p>To obtain biomass data, macroalgae accumulated on each experimental unit were scraped and vacuumed into independent mesh bags (0.12 m × 0.18 m, 400 µm mesh size). Samples were transported to the Marine Ecology laboratory at the Galapagos Science Center, where they were dried at 60 °C for 24 hours and subsequently weighed to obtain dry weight as a proxy for biomass.</p>
<p>For trials between&nbsp;September 2021 and May 2022, ash-free dry weight (AFDW) was also determined. This was calculated as the difference between preburn dry weight and postburn weight, the latter obtained by combusting samples in a muffle furnace for 4 hours at 500 °C after the initial 24-hour drying step at 60 °C.</p>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1737071 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1737071
completed
John Bruno
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
919-360-7651
CB#3280, Department of Biology UNC Chapel Hill
Chapel Hill
NC
27599-3280
USA
jbruno@unc.edu
pointOfContact
Margarita Brandt
Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ
mbrandt@usfq.edu.ec
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: 2
Unknown
Trial
Cage
Treatment
N
Algae_Type
Foil_cup_weight
Sample_and_foil_cup_weight
Dry_weight
Ceramic_cup_weight
Sample_and_ceramic_cup_weight
Postburn_weight
AFDW
Memmert UFE 400 Sterilizer Laboratory Oven
Optic Ivymen System Laboratory Furnace 8.2/1100
OHAUS PX224 Pioneer Analytical Balance, NJ, USA
theme
None, User defined
experiment id
replicate
treatment
sample description
weight
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
Drying Oven
muffle furnace
scale or balance
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
The Role of Temperature in Regulating Herbivory and Algal Biomass in Upwelling Systems
http://github.com/johnfbruno/Galapagos_NSF.git
The Role of Temperature in Regulating Herbivory and Algal Biomass in Upwelling Systems
<p><em>NSF Award Abstract:</em><br />
A well-known pattern in coastal marine systems is a positive association between the biomass of primary producers and the occurrence or intensity of upwelling. This is assumed to be caused by the increase in nutrient concentration associated with upwelling, enabling higher primary production and thus greater standing algal biomass. However, upwelling also causes large, rapid declines in water temperature. Because the metabolism of fish and invertebrate herbivores is temperature-dependent, cooler upwelled water could reduce consumer metabolism and grazing intensity. This could in turn lead to increased standing algal biomass. Thus upwelling could influence both bottom-up and top-down control of populations and communities of primary producers. The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that grazing intensity and algal biomass are, in part, regulated by temperature via the temperature-dependence of metabolic rates. Broader impacts include the training and retention of minority students through UNC's Course Based Undergraduate Research program, support of undergraduate research, teacher training, and various outreach activities.</p>
<p>The investigators will take advantage of the uniquely strong spatiotemporal variance in water temperature in the Galápagos Islands to compare grazing intensity and primary production across a natural temperature gradient. They will combine field monitoring, statistical modeling, grazing assays, populations-specific metabolic measurements, and in situ herbivore exclusion and nutrient addition to measure the effects of temperature on pattern and process in shallow subtidal communities. The researchers will also test the hypothesis that grazer populations at warmer sites and/or during warmer seasons are less thermally sensitive, potentially due to acclimatization or adaptation. Finally, the investigators will perform a series of mesocosm experiments to measure the effect of near-future temperatures on herbivores, algae, and herbivory. This work could change the way we view upwelling systems, particularly how primary production is regulated and the temperature-dependence of energy transfer across trophic levels.</p>
Temperature and Herbivory
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
biota
oceans
-89.58189
-89.58189
-0.87044
-0.87044
2021-09-01
2023-04-30
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Macroalgal biomass data collected in the nearshore shallow subtidal during eight field experiments conducted at Cerro Mundo Bay in the Galapagos Islands between Sept 2021 and Apr 2023
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/894180.rdf
Name: Trial
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Month and year of the experiment</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/894181.rdf
Name: Cage
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Replicate number</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/894182.rdf
Name: Treatment
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Four types of experimental treatments were used: (All Present) Open pizzas with full access to all grazers. (Urchins Only) Urchin inclusions, where two pencil urchins remained caged throughout the duration of each trial to maintain the identity and density of our herbivore of interest constant. (None Present) Full exclusions, preventing access to all macro-herbivores such as sea urchins, fishes, iguanas, and turtles, but not to meso-herbivores such as amphipods. These cages are covered with a top. (Procedural) Procedural control that included partial sides, designed to affect flow and light to a similar degree as other cages to test for experimental artifacts of the herbivore manipulation.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/894183.rdf
Name: N
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Nutrient category: N+= elevated nutrients, fertilizer pillows were attached to the cage's side; No N= ambient nutrients.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/894184.rdf
Name: Algae_Type
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Algae type:<br />
RF = Red filamentous;<br />
cca = Crustose Coralline algae;<br />
D = Dictyota;<br />
P = Padina;<br />
Ulva = Ulva;<br />
RA = Red algae.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/894185.rdf
Name: Foil_cup_weight
Units: grams (g)
Description: <p>Weight (in grams) of only the aluminum foil cup before placing the wet algae sample</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/894186.rdf
Name: Sample_and_foil_cup_weight
Units: grams (g)
Description: <p>Weight (in grams) of algae sample and aluminum foil after the sample was dried in the drying oven</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/894187.rdf
Name: Dry_weight
Units: grams (g)
Description: <p>Dry weight - weight in grams of sample after drying process; Subtraction of "Foil_cup_weight" from "Sample_and_foil_cup_weight"</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/894188.rdf
Name: Ceramic_cup_weight
Units: grams (g)
Description: <p>Weight (in grams) of only the ceramic melting pot before placing the dried algae sample</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/894189.rdf
Name: Sample_and_ceramic_cup_weight
Units: grams (g)
Description: <p>Weight of algae sample and ceramic melting pot after the sample was burned in the muffle furnace</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/894190.rdf
Name: Postburn_weight
Units: grams (g)
Description: <p>Subtraction of "Ceramic_cup_weight" from "Sample_and_ceramic_cup_weight"</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/894191.rdf
Name: AFDW
Units: grams (g)
Description: <p>Ash-free dry weight; subtraction of "Postburn_weight" from "Preburn_weight" or "Dry_weight"</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
31022
https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/8b98b1ba-05df-48c0-b9ab-18c927ba1925/content
download
25213
https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/fa6f1264-202f-4a8a-9840-43e9a22f5250/content
download
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.894169.1
download
onLine
dataset
<p>We conducted a fully factorial 4x2 caging experiment (n=8) from September 2021 to April 2023 in a nearshore rocky subtidal habitat&nbsp;(~9-10 meters deep) at Cerro Mundo reef (0°52’06.0” S; 89°35’04.0” W), San Cristóbal Island, Galápagos. Sixty-four experimental cages were deployed at a depth of nine meters to simultaneously manipulate <em>in situ</em> grazer presence and nutrient availability across a natural temperature gradient. Cages were based on designs from Witman et al. (2017) and consisted of circular concrete platforms (diameter = 0.43 m, height = 0.06 m) with Aquamesh (plastic-coated, galvanized mesh, 0.05 m mesh size) incorporated as needed per cage design. Treatments provided varying degrees of herbivore exclusion: open plots with unrestricted grazer access; full exclusion cages preventing access by large herbivores (i.e., fish, urchins, turtles, and marine iguanas) but not mesograzers (e.g., amphipods, small gastropods); and grazer inclusion cages maintaining a constant density of a single urchin species.</p>
<p>Cage type was crossed with two nutrient levels: ambient and enriched. Nutrient enrichment was achieved by attaching two nutrient pillows (drawstring pouches, 0.001 m mesh size, 0.1 × 0.1 m) containing 50 g total of slow-release fertilizer (Osmocote, NPK 19-6-12, without micronutrients) to&nbsp;half of the cages.</p>
<p>Eight independent four-week trials were conducted during peak periods of the warm and cold seasons. To discern the effects of the treatments (cage type × nutrient level) on the productivity and dynamics of benthic macroalgae, biomass data&nbsp;was&nbsp;collected at the end of each trial.&nbsp;</p>
<p>To obtain biomass data, macroalgae accumulated on each experimental unit were scraped and vacuumed into independent mesh bags (0.12 m × 0.18 m, 400 µm mesh size). Samples were transported to the Marine Ecology laboratory at the Galapagos Science Center, where they were dried at 60 °C for 24 hours and subsequently weighed to obtain dry weight as a proxy for biomass.</p>
<p>For trials between&nbsp;September 2021 and May 2022, ash-free dry weight (AFDW) was also determined. This was calculated as the difference between preburn dry weight and postburn weight, the latter obtained by combusting samples in a muffle furnace for 4 hours at 500 °C after the initial 24-hour drying step at 60 °C.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
<p><strong>Note:</strong><br />
In the data file, 0 indicates there was no growth of macroalgae for that specific replicate. NA indicates that the macroalgae sample was not recovered at the end of the trial (e.g. collection mesh bag got lost).</p>
<p>BCO-DMO processing replaces NA with blank values.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
Version 1
- Imported original file "AFDW.xlsx" into the BCO-DMO system.
- Concatenated the data from separate Excel sheets (one per trial) into one data file.
- Renamed fields to comply with BCO-DMO naming conventions.
- Saved the final file as "algal_ash-free_dry_weight_cerro_mundo.csv".
Version 2
- Imported "Biomass data Sept-22.xlsx" into BCO-DMO system
- Imported original published dataset file "algal_ash-free_dry_weight_cerro_mundo.csv" into BCO-DMO system
- Concatenated the files, mapping "Dry_Preburn_weight" to "Preburn_weight"
- Renamed "Preburn_weight" to "Dry_weight"
- Exported file as 894169_v2_algal_ash-free_dry_weight.csv
**Added dry weight, or preburn weight, as biomass data for 2023 trials. Adjusted extents. Adjusted the language of the dataset to focus on biomass, rather than AFDW, which was not measured in the later trials. Adjusted abstract, methods, and parameter language as submitted. Added scale to list of instruments. Changed title to include Apr 2023.
Specified by BCO-DMO Data Managers
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
Memmert UFE 400 Sterilizer Laboratory Oven
Memmert UFE 400 Sterilizer Laboratory Oven
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Memmert UFE 400 Sterilizer Laboratory Oven Instrument Name: Drying Oven Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: a heated chamber for drying
Optic Ivymen System Laboratory Furnace 8.2/1100
Optic Ivymen System Laboratory Furnace 8.2/1100
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Optic Ivymen System Laboratory Furnace 8.2/1100 Instrument Name: muffle furnace Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: A muffle furnace or muffle oven (sometimes retort furnace in historical usage) is a furnace in which the subject material is isolated from the fuel and all of the products of combustion, including gases and flying ash. A type of jacketed enclosure that is used to heat a material to significantly high temperatures while keeping it contained and fully isolated from external contaminants, chemicals or substances. Muffle furnaces are usually lined with stainless steel, making them largely corrosion-resistant.
OHAUS PX224 Pioneer Analytical Balance, NJ, USA
OHAUS PX224 Pioneer Analytical Balance, NJ, USA
PI Supplied Instrument Name: OHAUS PX224 Pioneer Analytical Balance, NJ, USA PI Supplied Instrument Description:Samples were transported to the Marine Ecology laboratory at the Galapagos Science Center, where they were dried at 60 °C for 24 hours and subsequently weighed to obtain dry weight as a proxy for biomass. Instrument Name: scale or balance Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: Devices that determine the mass or weight of a sample. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB13/