http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/913952
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2023-10-23
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Body size measurements of megafauna species at 6 sites after the 2020 COVID lockdown in the Galapagos Islands from 2020-2021 (Galapagos diver disturbance project)
2023-10-23
publication
2023-10-23
revision
BCO-DMO Linked Data URI
2023-10-23
creation
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/913952
Jon D. Witman
Brown University
principalInvestigator
Robert Lamb
Brown University
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Witman, J. D., Lamb, R. (2023) Body size measurements of megafauna species at 6 sites after the 2020 COVID lockdown in the Galapagos Islands from 2020-2021 (Galapagos diver disturbance project). Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2023-10-23 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/913952 [access date]
Body sizes of megafauna species at 6 sites after the 2020 COVID lockdown in Galapagos Islands Dataset Description: Methods and Sampling: <p>The marine megafauna were readily identified as either Galapagos sharks, White tip reef sharks, Black tip sharks, Scalloped hammerhead sharks, Galapagos Sea Lions or Giant manta rays from the GoPro 7 videos. As the extended duration video cameras were set up at 12-15 m depth, a diver stretched a meters tape perpendicular to the front of the camera and signaled the distances at meter intervals from 1 to 5 meters. This defined a sampling area to count and measure any of the 6 species passing through the video recorded space. Total body lengths of megafauna were estimated within 5 cm increments by comparing them to known size indicators in the videos.&nbsp;These data were collected by Drs Robert Lamb, Jon Witman and Franz Smith. Rebecca Ward-Diorio worked up the data from the GoPro files.&nbsp;The GoPro file names are provided for reference.</p>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-2035354 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=2035354
onGoing
Jon D. Witman
Brown University
401-863-3936
Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Department Box G-W Brown University
Providence
RI
02912
USA
Jon_Witman@brown.edu
pointOfContact
Robert Lamb
Brown University
robert.lamb@ufl.edu
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: 1
Unknown
Site
Site_Latitude
Site_Longitude
Date
GoPro_Video_File_name
Species_Code
Total_body_length
Extended duration video camera manufactured by Marine Imaging Technologies (MITECH)
theme
None, User defined
site
latitude
longitude
date
file_name
taxon_code
length
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
Camera
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
RAPID: Illuminating the effects of a COVID-19 elimination of diver disturbance on reef fish behavior, distribution and ecosystem functioning in the Galapagos Marine Reserve
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2035354&HistoricalAwards=false
RAPID: Illuminating the effects of a COVID-19 elimination of diver disturbance on reef fish behavior, distribution and ecosystem functioning in the Galapagos Marine Reserve
<p>Large-scale changes in the magnitude of human influence on the biosphere have occurred due to travel restrictions and quarantines to contain the COVID-19 pandemic. The reduction in the number of visits to natural areas is providing an unprecedented opportunity to study the effects of people on wildlife and ecosystems. Previous studies indicate that humans can impact the entire ecosystem by frightening animals and altering their behaviors. The COVID-19 quarantine has created a "natural experiment" in the ocean at scuba-diving destinations worldwide by suspending dive tourism and temporarily eliminating the effects of diver-induced fear in reef fish communities. In the Galapagos Islands, the number of scuba divers dropped from 18,000 divers a year to zero in March 2020 when the government of Ecuador halted dive tourism. This study is measuring the changes reef fish behavior, populations and ecological interactions between species to gain an understanding of how dive activity affects the functioning of this marine ecosystem. The effects of changes in diver disturbance are being determined by comparing reef fish communities during and after the quarantine to those from a long-term pre-COVID-19 baseline study. Broader impacts include training opportunities for undergraduate students through participation in field research and senior thesis projects. Public outreach is focused on presentations to the general public and high school students in the US and in the Galapagos. A YouTube video on the ecological effects of diving activity in the Galapagos Marine Reserve is being produced and made publicly available. Insights from this project is increasing awareness of how humans impact subtidal marine ecosystems, which is aiding marine conservation efforts of marine protected areas in the Galapagos and elsewhere.</p>
<p>The intellectual contribution of the research lies in its ability to test hypotheses about the role of humans in influencing consumptive and non-consumptive interactions in shaping the structure, complexity and functioning of marine ecosystems. While it is known that reef fish react to humans as potential predators, less is known about how the fear of predation, a major type of non-consumptive interaction, affects subtidal marine communities, particularly on large spatial scales relevant to conservation. An integrated, observational - experimental research program is addressing this knowledge gap in the Galapagos Marine Reserve by comparing current conditions with existing pre-COVID-19 data. Four hypotheses or predictions related to pandemic spillover effects are being tested: 1) diver disturbance results in behavioral shifts in reef fishes; 2) divers decrease the abundance and diversity of reef fishes and this effect is currently reduced; 3) emergence or increased abundance of previously wary herbivorous and /or predatory fish results in greater consumption of benthic organisms during and immediately after the COVID-19 period; and 4) decreased diver disturbance associated with the pandemic changes the complexity of behavioral networks (aggressive and positive interactions) among reef fish, sharks and sea lions. The hypotheses are being tested at 14 sites over the course of three research trips using underwater observations and experiments involving fish counts, video camera deployments to record fish behaviors, feeding rates, interactions between species and underwater boat noise from dive tour boats. This project has implications for understanding how fish communities in the Galapagos Marine Reserve ecosystem will respond to future perturbations, while also providing unique insight into the ecological ramifications of a human pandemic.</p>
<p>This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.</p>
Galapagos diver disturbance
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
oceans
90.14065
90.68595
-1.32879
-0.236963
2020-10-10
2021-08-31
Galapagos Islands, Eastern Tropical Pacific
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Body size measurements of megafauna species at 6 sites after the 2020 COVID lockdown in the Galapagos Islands from 2020-2021 (Galapagos diver disturbance project)
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/914081.rdf
Name: Site
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Site in the Galapagos where video footage was collected for the study.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/914082.rdf
Name: Site_Latitude
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>Latitude of Site.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/914083.rdf
Name: Site_Longitude
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>Longitude of Site in decimal degrees. A negative value indicates a Western coordinate.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/914084.rdf
Name: Date
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Latitude of Site in decimal degrees. A negative value indicates a Southern coordinate.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/914085.rdf
Name: GoPro_Video_File_name
Units: unitless
Description: <p>File name of collected video footage.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/914086.rdf
Name: Species_Code
Units: unitless
Description: <p>CAGA: Carcharhinus galapagensis (Galapagos shark); TROB: Triaenodon obesus (White tip reef shark); CALI: Carcharhinus limbatus (Black tip shark); SPLE: Sphyrna lewini (Scalloped hammerhead shark); ZACA: Zalophus wollebaeki (Galapagos sea lion); TAME: Mobula birostris (Giant manta ray)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/914087.rdf
Name: Total_body_length
Units: cm
Description: <p>Total body length estimate of megafauna</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/dataset/913952/data/download
download
onLine
dataset
<p>The marine megafauna were readily identified as either Galapagos sharks, White tip reef sharks, Black tip sharks, Scalloped hammerhead sharks, Galapagos Sea Lions or Giant manta rays from the GoPro 7 videos. As the extended duration video cameras were set up at 12-15 m depth, a diver stretched a meters tape perpendicular to the front of the camera and signaled the distances at meter intervals from 1 to 5 meters. This defined a sampling area to count and measure any of the 6 species passing through the video recorded space. Total body lengths of megafauna were estimated within 5 cm increments by comparing them to known size indicators in the videos.&nbsp;These data were collected by Drs Robert Lamb, Jon Witman and Franz Smith. Rebecca Ward-Diorio worked up the data from the GoPro files.&nbsp;The GoPro file names are provided for reference.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
<p>No sophisticated methods of data processing, just counting and measuring from collected video footage.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
Removed units from column names
Removed spaces from column names and replaced them with underscores ("_")
Added columns to the dataset that include latitude and longitude for each site
Removed unit abbreviations from Total_body_length column values
Specified by BCO-DMO Data Managers
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
Extended duration video camera manufactured by Marine Imaging Technologies (MITECH)
Extended duration video camera manufactured by Marine Imaging Technologies (MITECH)
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Extended duration video camera manufactured by Marine Imaging Technologies (MITECH) PI Supplied Instrument Description:These “action camera housings” (https://marineimagingtech.com/cameras-housings/housings/) were fabricated for this NSF project. Their features included a flat port, a chassis to mount a GoPro 7 camera and connections to a NiCad battery pack. One of these camera housings was mounted on a\n 80 cm tall stainless steel tripod placed in the rock bottom. Two systems were deployed at a time with one camera per site. The cameras recorded continuous video of the reef fish and megafauna for 6-8 hours per deployment. Instrument Name: Camera Instrument Short Name:camera Instrument Description: All types of photographic equipment including stills, video, film and digital systems. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/311/