http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/914147
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2023-10-26
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Quantification of ciliated band length per unit protein in early echinoderm larvae (biometirc data), collected between 2020 and 2022 in the laboratory at California State University, Long Beach.
2024-04-10
publication
2024-04-10
revision
Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA)
2024-04-10
publication
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.914147.1
Bruno Pernet
California State University Long Beach
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Steiner, B., Pernet, B. (2024) Quantification of ciliated band length per unit protein in early echinoderm larvae (biometirc data), collected between 2020 and 2022 in the laboratory at California State University, Long Beach. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2024-04-10 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.914147.1 [access date]
Ciliated band length of early echinoderm larvae Dataset Description: <p><strong>Study Summary: </strong>The feeding larvae of echinoderms take two distinct forms: plutei (echinoids, ophiuroids), which have calcified skeletal rods supporting long, slender arms bearing the ciliated band, and non-plutei (asteroids, holothuroids), where the ciliated band is borne on rounded lobes of tissue that do not contain skeletal rods. Feeding larvae of all four classes of echinoderms are known to alter the length of their ciliated bands in response to food ration, with larvae fed low rations producing longer ciliated bands relative to body size than larvae fed high rations. Prior work suggests that the structural cost of adding a given length of ciliated band might be lower for plutei than for non-plutei, which might affect the scope for phenotypic plasticity in ciliated band length in the two types of larvae.</p>
<p>In this study we test the hypothesis that plutei and support a greater length of ciliated band per unit biomass than non-plutei by comparing ciliated band length and protein content of larvae of eight species (with at least one species from each echinoderm class that includes feeding larvae) at two timepoints in early development.</p> Methods and Sampling: <p><strong>Collection of adults and spawning:&nbsp; </strong>Adults of each species were collected from intertidal or shallow subtidal zones from various sites in Los Angeles County and transported to California State University Long Beach, where they were maintained in recirculating seawater tanks at 16 °C until their use in experiments. Experiments were carried out on one species at a time, depending on reproductive seasonality for that species.</p>
<p>Spawning was induced using standard methods (e.g., M. Strathmann, 1987). The echinoids <em>Dendraster excentricus</em>, <em>Lytechnius pictus</em>, <em>Strongylocentrotus purpuratus</em> and <em>S. fragilis</em> were induced to spawn via injection of 0.2-1.0 mL (depending on adult size) 0.53 M KCL into the perivisceral coelom. The asteroids <em>Patiria miniata</em> and <em>Astropecten armatus</em> were induced to spawn by injection of 1-3 mL 100 µM 1-methyladenine. The holothuroid <em>Apostichopus parvimensis</em> was injected with 3 mL of 200 µM NGLWY-amide (Kato et al., 2009). The ophiuroid <em>Ophiothrix spiculata</em> was exposed to 4 °C water in the dark for 15 minutes, then to room temperature water and sunlight for 15 minutes; this treatment was repeated for up to two hours (Selvakumaraswamy &amp; Byrne, 2000). For all species, adults were each induced to spawn in their own isolated containers, allowing us to control subsequent fertilizations. Spawning continued until a minimum of three parents of each sex were obtained. Sperm from each spawning male was combined with eggs from each spawning female. Once the larvae reached the swimming stage (~24 hours), the offspring of all parents were combined to produce a genetically diverse population.</p>
<p><strong>Culturing: </strong>Larvae were distributed into seven replicate 2 l beakers, with a total of 500 larvae per beaker (for <em>S. purpuratus</em>, 14 beakers of 500 larvae each were produced since greater numbers were needed for their protein analysis due to their small size). Larvae were fed 6000 cells ml<sup>−1</sup> <em>Rhodomonas lens</em> which were isolated from their growth medium via centrifugation, resuspended in FSW, and counted using a BD Accuri C6 flow cytometer. Cultures were maintained in the 16 °C environmental chamber and continuously stirred by a paddle system (Strathmann, 1987). Daily water changes began on the third day post fertilization (dpf), allowing larvae to develop without disturbance for a day while still in or just completing the pre-feeding period. To change the water, cultures were filtered through a 60 µm sieve to capture larvae. The sieve was submerged in shallow water while filtering so larvae were not exposed to air. Larvae were then gently rinsed from the filter with fresh FSW back into their cleaned beakers and fed.</p>
<p><strong>Sampling:</strong> For all species except <em>D. excentricus</em>, sampling for images and protein analysis occurred at 5 (“early-development”) and 10 dpf (“mid-development”). Sampling for <em>D. excentricus</em> occurred at 3 and 5 dpf due to their more rapid development and early formation of the rudiment. For imaging, ten individuals were sampled haphazardly from each beaker and placed on a glass slide. The larvae were oriented ventral-side and viewed with an Olympus BX5 compound microscope. The first five correctly oriented larvae encountered were photographed. The microscope was outfitted with both a digital camera and a z-axis drive, both controlled with Micromanager software. This allowed for the creation of an image stack of the entire larva with images taken at 2 µm depth intervals. The ciliated band was measured in three dimensions using maps of pre-determined landmarks. We identified the x, y, and z coordinates of the landmarks with ImageJ and used Excel to calculate the distance between coordinates and sum the total ciliary band length (McEdward, 1985; Rendleman et al., 2018)</p>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1756531 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1756531
completed
Bruno Pernet
California State University Long Beach
562-985-5378
Biological Sciences, CSU Long Beach 1250 Bellflower Blvd.
Long Beach
CA
90840
USA
bruno.pernet@csulb.edu
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: 1
Unknown
Species
Age
Dev
Beaker
Larva
cbl
bl
sl
sw
sa
mpo
po1
po2
geospatial_bound_N
geospatial_bound_S
geospatial_bound_E
geospatial_bound_W
experiment_location_lat
experiment_location_long
experiment_start
experiment_end
BD Accuri C6 Flow Cytometer (BD Biosciences)
theme
None, User defined
species scientific name (binomial)
age
stage
sample description
sample identification
length
width
area_measured
mean
latitude
longitude
date
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
Flow Cytometer
Fluorescence Microscope Image Analysis System
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
RUI: Effects of large inedible particles on larval feeding, planktonic larval duration, and juvenile quality in marine invertebrates
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/727167
RUI: Effects of large inedible particles on larval feeding, planktonic larval duration, and juvenile quality in marine invertebrates
<p><em>NSF award abstract:</em><br />
Many ecologically and economically important marine invertebrates (e.g., oysters, crabs, and sea urchins) have life cycles that include feeding larval stages that live drifting in the water as part of the plankton. These larvae spend days or weeks feeding on tiny algal particles to fuel their development until they can metamorphose into juveniles. In nature, however, the plankton includes not only edible particles, but also many particles that are too large to be eaten but which may interfere with feeding on edible particles. These include, for example, large algal particles, eggs and embryos of other invertebrates, re-suspended sediment, and anthropogenic nano- and micro-plastics. When larvae encounter large inedible particles, they may respond by altering their swimming behavior to avoid them, or by capturing and then rejecting them. Such interactions reduce the rate at which larvae can capture edible particles, which forces them to either spend more time feeding before metamorphosis (increasing their overall risk of dying due to planktonic predators), or to metamorphose with less energy, producing juveniles in relatively poor condition. This project examines how large inedible particles affect feeding, time to metamorphosis, and juvenile condition in the larvae of diverse marine invertebrates. The project has the potential to dramatically change our understanding of how larvae feed and survive in natural communities, and thus our understanding of the population dynamics of these important organisms. The project will support research training opportunities for undergraduate and graduate students at California State University Long Beach, a primarily undergraduate institution, as well as summer research internships for students at two local community colleges. Project data will be integrated into laboratory modules in undergraduate courses. Finally, data on the reproductive biology of diverse California marine invertebrates will be added to a public website that is widely used by members of the public, students, and biologists interested in the development, life histories, ecology, and evolution of these common animals.</p>
<p>The factors that control planktonic duration and juvenile condition in marine invertebrates with feeding larvae have long been recognized as critical to understanding their ecology and evolution. Larval feeding environment is clearly one of those factors, but previous work has focused almost exclusively on one feature of that environment, the abundance of food. This project will evaluate the importance of another potentially critical dimension of the larval feeding environment: the presence of large inedible particles, which are frequently abundant in natural plankonic communities. It takes a comparative approach to address two key questions about the effects of large inedible particles on larvae (including those of echinoderms, annelids, and molluscs) that feed using several different particle capture mechanisms. First, do large inedible particles present in natural plankton reduce larval feeding rates? And second, does the presence of large inedible particles extend larval planktonic duration or result in the production of lower quality juveniles? Feeding rates of larvae will be measured in short-term experiments in which larvae are exposed to both food and to natural or artificial large inedible particles over a range of concentrations. Effects of large inedible particles on planktonic duration and juvenile quality will be measured by culturing larvae through their entire life cycles in the presence of large inedible particles at various concentrations. Because feeding performance is an important determinant of planktonic duration, larval survival, and juvenile condition, the project will add greatly to our understanding of how conditions in the plankton affect the population dynamics of the many marine invertebrates with feeding larvae.</p>
LIPs on Larval Feeding
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
oceans
-118.427
-118.091
33.6808
33.766
2020-01-01
2022-06-30
Southern California Bight
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Quantification of ciliated band length per unit protein in early echinoderm larvae (biometirc data), collected between 2020 and 2022 in the laboratory at California State University, Long Beach.
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/914366.rdf
Name: Species
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Echinoderm species.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/914367.rdf
Name: Age
Units: days
Description: <p>Age of larva in days post fertilization.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/914368.rdf
Name: Dev
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Relative developmental stage of larva.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/914369.rdf
Name: Beaker
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Beaker that larva was reared in</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/914370.rdf
Name: Larva
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Identifying number for the larva. Five larvae were measured per timepoint. In rare instances the identifying value is 6 if one of the first 5 larvae encountered had an unsatisfactory image. Unique to each species age and beaker combination</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/914371.rdf
Name: cbl
Units: mm
Description: <p>Total length of the ciliated band measured in three dimensions from image stack.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/914372.rdf
Name: bl
Units: mm
Description: <p>Body length measured in three dimensions from image stack.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/914373.rdf
Name: sl
Units: mm
Description: <p>Stomach length measured from single image.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/914374.rdf
Name: sw
Units: mm
Description: <p>Stomach width measured from single image.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/914375.rdf
Name: sa
Units: square millimeter (mm^2)
Description: <p>Stomach area calculated from stomach length and stomach width</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/914376.rdf
Name: mpo
Units: mm
Description: <p>Mean postoral arm length measured from transverse rod. Only applicable to plutei.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/914377.rdf
Name: po1
Units: mm
Description: <p>Length of left postoral arm. Only applicable to plutei.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/914378.rdf
Name: po2
Units: mm
Description: <p>Length of right postoral arm. Only applicable to plutei.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/914379.rdf
Name: geospatial_bound_N
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>The northern latitude of the bounding box that includes the collection site of all adult specimens</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/914380.rdf
Name: geospatial_bound_S
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>The southern latitude of the bounding box that includes the collection site of all adult specimens</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/914381.rdf
Name: geospatial_bound_E
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>The eastern longitude of the bounding box that includes the collection site of all adult specimens</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/914382.rdf
Name: geospatial_bound_W
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>The western longitude of the bounding box that includes the collection site of all adult specimens</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/914383.rdf
Name: experiment_location_lat
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>The latitude of the laboratory location where experiments took place</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/914384.rdf
Name: experiment_location_long
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>The longitude of the laboratory location where experiments took place</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/914385.rdf
Name: experiment_start
Units: unitless
Description: <p>The year and month (ISO format, yyyy-mm) when the first larval experiment began</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/914386.rdf
Name: experiment_end
Units: unitless
Description: <p>The year and month (ISO format, yyyy-mm) when the final larval experiment concluded</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
108177
https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/e340c6ba-7b09-480c-acc5-7cfefe9e4e70/content
download
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.914147.1
download
onLine
dataset
<p><strong>Collection of adults and spawning:&nbsp; </strong>Adults of each species were collected from intertidal or shallow subtidal zones from various sites in Los Angeles County and transported to California State University Long Beach, where they were maintained in recirculating seawater tanks at 16 °C until their use in experiments. Experiments were carried out on one species at a time, depending on reproductive seasonality for that species.</p>
<p>Spawning was induced using standard methods (e.g., M. Strathmann, 1987). The echinoids <em>Dendraster excentricus</em>, <em>Lytechnius pictus</em>, <em>Strongylocentrotus purpuratus</em> and <em>S. fragilis</em> were induced to spawn via injection of 0.2-1.0 mL (depending on adult size) 0.53 M KCL into the perivisceral coelom. The asteroids <em>Patiria miniata</em> and <em>Astropecten armatus</em> were induced to spawn by injection of 1-3 mL 100 µM 1-methyladenine. The holothuroid <em>Apostichopus parvimensis</em> was injected with 3 mL of 200 µM NGLWY-amide (Kato et al., 2009). The ophiuroid <em>Ophiothrix spiculata</em> was exposed to 4 °C water in the dark for 15 minutes, then to room temperature water and sunlight for 15 minutes; this treatment was repeated for up to two hours (Selvakumaraswamy &amp; Byrne, 2000). For all species, adults were each induced to spawn in their own isolated containers, allowing us to control subsequent fertilizations. Spawning continued until a minimum of three parents of each sex were obtained. Sperm from each spawning male was combined with eggs from each spawning female. Once the larvae reached the swimming stage (~24 hours), the offspring of all parents were combined to produce a genetically diverse population.</p>
<p><strong>Culturing: </strong>Larvae were distributed into seven replicate 2 l beakers, with a total of 500 larvae per beaker (for <em>S. purpuratus</em>, 14 beakers of 500 larvae each were produced since greater numbers were needed for their protein analysis due to their small size). Larvae were fed 6000 cells ml<sup>−1</sup> <em>Rhodomonas lens</em> which were isolated from their growth medium via centrifugation, resuspended in FSW, and counted using a BD Accuri C6 flow cytometer. Cultures were maintained in the 16 °C environmental chamber and continuously stirred by a paddle system (Strathmann, 1987). Daily water changes began on the third day post fertilization (dpf), allowing larvae to develop without disturbance for a day while still in or just completing the pre-feeding period. To change the water, cultures were filtered through a 60 µm sieve to capture larvae. The sieve was submerged in shallow water while filtering so larvae were not exposed to air. Larvae were then gently rinsed from the filter with fresh FSW back into their cleaned beakers and fed.</p>
<p><strong>Sampling:</strong> For all species except <em>D. excentricus</em>, sampling for images and protein analysis occurred at 5 (“early-development”) and 10 dpf (“mid-development”). Sampling for <em>D. excentricus</em> occurred at 3 and 5 dpf due to their more rapid development and early formation of the rudiment. For imaging, ten individuals were sampled haphazardly from each beaker and placed on a glass slide. The larvae were oriented ventral-side and viewed with an Olympus BX5 compound microscope. The first five correctly oriented larvae encountered were photographed. The microscope was outfitted with both a digital camera and a z-axis drive, both controlled with Micromanager software. This allowed for the creation of an image stack of the entire larva with images taken at 2 µm depth intervals. The ciliated band was measured in three dimensions using maps of pre-determined landmarks. We identified the x, y, and z coordinates of the landmarks with ImageJ and used Excel to calculate the distance between coordinates and sum the total ciliary band length (McEdward, 1985; Rendleman et al., 2018)</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
<p>ImageJ 1.53a used to determine x, y, and z coordinates of biometric landmarks of larvae from the image stacks. Excel was used to calculate total distances of biometric measurements from x, y, z coordinates determined in ImageJ.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
* Changed species names to full species names: Astropecten armatus, Apostichopus parvimensis, Dendraster excentricus, Lytechinus pictus, Ophiothrix spiculata, Patiria miniata, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
* Adjusted parameter names to comply with database requirements
* Converted dates to ISO format
Specified by BCO-DMO Data Managers
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
BD Accuri C6 Flow Cytometer (BD Biosciences)
BD Accuri C6 Flow Cytometer (BD Biosciences)
PI Supplied Instrument Name: BD Accuri C6 Flow Cytometer (BD Biosciences) PI Supplied Instrument Description:BD Accuri C6 Flow Cytometer (BD Biosciences) was used to determine concentration of Rhodomonas lens for larval feeding. Instrument Name: Flow Cytometer Instrument Short Name:Flow Cytometer Instrument Description: Flow cytometers (FC or FCM) are automated instruments that quantitate properties of single cells, one cell at a time. They can measure cell size, cell granularity, the amounts of cell components such as total DNA, newly synthesized DNA, gene expression as the amount messenger RNA for a particular gene, amounts of specific surface receptors, amounts of intracellular proteins, or transient signalling events in living cells.
(from: http://www.bio.umass.edu/micro/immunology/facs542/facswhat.htm) Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB37/
PI Supplied Instrument Name: PI Supplied Instrument Description:Olympus BX-51 compound microscope outfitted with a QIClick camera (Teledyne Photometrics) and a motorized z-axis drive, both controlled via MicroManager software to create image stacks of fixed larvae for biometric measurements. Instrument Name: Fluorescence Microscope Image Analysis System Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: A Fluorescence (or Epifluorescence) Microscope Image Analysis System uses semi-automated color image analysis to determine cell abundance, dimensions and biovolumes from an Epifluorescence Microscope. An Epifluorescence Microscope (conventional and inverted) includes a camera system that generates enlarged images of prepared samples. The microscope uses excitation ultraviolet light and the phenomena of fluorescence and phosphorescence instead of, or in addition to, reflection and absorption of visible light. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB06/