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            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/918860.rdf" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Diatom (Thalassiosira pseudonana) cell information from experiments designed to study single-cell transcriptional profiling of nutrient acquisition heterogeneity in diatoms conducted in December of 2022</gmx:Anchor>
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            <gco:CharacterString>Cite this dataset as: Orellana, M. V., Lausted, C., Huang, S. (2024) Diatom (Thalassiosira pseudonana) cell information from experiments designed to study single-cell transcriptional profiling of nutrient acquisition heterogeneity in diatoms conducted in December of 2022. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2024-01-30 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.918860.1 [access date]</gco:CharacterString>
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        <gco:CharacterString>Methods and Sampling: &amp;lt;p dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Cultures: Axenic &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;Thalassiosira pseudonana&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt; (CCMP 1335, National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota, Maine, USA; &amp;amp;nbsp;LSID&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:148934&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;) batch cultures were grown in enriched artificial seawater (ESAW) medium modified with reduced levels of nitrate (170 μM) to characterize starvation. Before the experiment, the diatoms were acclimated to a constant 20 °C temperature and under a 12: 12 h dark: light diurnal cycle at 300 μmol photons·m&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size:0.6em&amp;quot;&amp;gt;−2&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;·s&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size:0.6em&amp;quot;&amp;gt;−1&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt; using cool fluorescent lights. The cultures were continuously equilibrated at ambient (420 ppm CO&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size:0.6em&amp;quot;&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt; by bubbling mixed gasses (air and CO&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size:0.6em&amp;quot;&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt; at 0.4 L/min) regulated using mass-flow controllers (GFC17, Aalborg) and monitored with a CO&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size:0.6em&amp;quot;&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt; analyzer (model Q-S151; Qubit Systems) into a 1.5-L glass bioreactor system. The bioreactors were inoculated with 150,000 cells/ml of acclimated, axenic &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;T. pseudonana&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt; and grown for 5 days on a 12: 12 h dark: light cycle. The pH was monitored spectrophotometrically (Dickson et al. 2007); the photochemical yield of photosystem II (variable fluorescence/maximum fluorescence Fv/Fm) was measured with an AquaPen AP100; and total dissolved nitrogen was measure using the Nitrite/Nitrate, Colorimetric Test Roche # 11746081001) kit after syringe-filtering (0.2μm) the samples. Samples were taken twice a day, in the middle of dark-time, and the middle of the light-time representing different growth conditions regulating the metabolism based on light and nitrogen on days one and two (Ashworth et al. 2013). On days three and four, samples were only taken during the light time for experiment b. This experiment was repeated to evaluate the recovery of the cells from starvation by amending NO&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size:0.6em&amp;quot;&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt; (170 uM+/- 5uM) on day 5, after 70 hrs of starvation for &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;T. pseudonana&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt; and sampled at T1: 0h, T2: 1h and T3: 3 hr, and T4: 6 hr after adding the supplemental nitrogen. Samples T1, T2, T3, were set on ice in the dark before analysis at when T4 was sampled.&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Single cell transcriptomics: we used 10x Genomics Chromium single-cell 3' gene expression protocols to profile samples of 1000-10,000 diatoms. We used the standard throughput kits (v3.0, cat. #1000094) for exploration, targeting 10K cells/sample for measurements in a and c, and low throughput (LT) kits (v3.1, cat. #1000325) for a time series targeting 1000 cells/sample in experiment b. Fresh cells were harvested, washed with 1 × Phosphate buffered Saline (PBS) in RNase free water, at&amp;amp;nbsp; pH 7.4 and resuspended at 1 × 106 cells per ml in 1x PBS and 0.10% bovine serum albumin (x).&amp;amp;nbsp; Cellular suspensions were loaded on a Chromium instrument to generate single-cell Gelbead-In-EMulsion (GEM) droplets. Reverse transcription (RT) was performed in a C1000 Touch thermocycler (Biorad, Hercules, CA). After RT, GEMs were harvested and the cDNAs were amplified and cleaned with SPRIselect Reagent Kit (Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA).&amp;amp;nbsp; Indexed sequencing libraries were constructed using the Chromium Single-Cell 3’ Library Kit for enzymatic fragmentation, end-repair, A-tailing, adapter ligation, ligation cleanup, sample index PCR, and PCR cleanup. The barcoded sequencing libraries were quantified by quantitative PCR using the KAPA Library Quantification Kit (KAPA Biosystems, Wilmington, MA). Sequencing libraries were loaded on a NextSeq500 (Illumina, San Diego, CA) and run 150 cycles (26 bp for Read 1 and 124 bp for Read 2).&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Experiment Metadata (physiology, gene and cell information):&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Experiment&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
Start_Date 12-4&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
Light:Dark 12:12&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
Lights_On 1:00 PM&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
Lights_(umols/m.s) 1000 umoles m-2s-1&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
CO2_ppm ~420&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
scRNAseq_Timepoints 18 hours, 30 hours, 42 hours, 54 hours, 68 hours,&amp;amp;nbsp;80 hours, 92 hours&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
scRNAseq_Timepoint_Labels&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
Notes scRNA, Full ESAW nitrate limited (170uM). Starting innoculate = 150k/m&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;</gco:CharacterString>
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        <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/award/857290.rdf" xlink:title="OCE-2029738" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-2029738 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=2029738</gmx:Anchor>
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            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5990-9380" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Monica V. Orellana</gmx:Anchor>
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            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://ror.org/052w21a87" xlink:title="ROR ID" xlink:actuate="onRequest">University of Washington Friday Harbor Laboratories</gmx:Anchor>
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Diatoms are important primary producers in sunlit oceans and lakes across the globe. They are key players in spring phytoplankton blooms, which in turn support food webs that include productive fisheries. In addition, these photosynthetic diatom cells are known to capture enormous amounts of carbon, which are exported to depth as blooms die off. In oceanic systems, this process effectively removes carbon from the atmosphere for thousands of years. However, the biological mechanisms that lead to carbon sequestration, the transfer of carbon from the atmosphere into the deep ocean, are not well understood. As diatom populations reach the end of the bloom cycle, individual cells start to deteriorate and undergo cell death. The collapse of diatom populations is regarded as a critical point (or tipping point), which can be predicted by understanding the genetic activity of the population. This project seeks to elucidate how environmental change influences diatom cell-death processes. A mechanistic understanding of these cellular processes will elucidate how climate change could alter carbon-removal from the atmosphere and affect ocean productivity. The knowledge and methods developed during this study are applicable across organisms from all domains of life. The broader impacts of this project are focused on high school education and new ideas and approaches for three-dimensional learning opportunities in support of Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS). Specifically, researchers are working with high school educators and partners to teach concepts of systems approaches, tipping points, and carbon sequestration in the marine environment through educational modules.&lt;/p&gt;
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                <gco:CharacterString>&amp;lt;p dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Cultures: Axenic &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;Thalassiosira pseudonana&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt; (CCMP 1335, National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota, Maine, USA; &amp;amp;nbsp;LSID&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:148934&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;) batch cultures were grown in enriched artificial seawater (ESAW) medium modified with reduced levels of nitrate (170 μM) to characterize starvation. Before the experiment, the diatoms were acclimated to a constant 20 °C temperature and under a 12: 12 h dark: light diurnal cycle at 300 μmol photons·m&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size:0.6em&amp;quot;&amp;gt;−2&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;·s&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size:0.6em&amp;quot;&amp;gt;−1&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt; using cool fluorescent lights. The cultures were continuously equilibrated at ambient (420 ppm CO&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size:0.6em&amp;quot;&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt; by bubbling mixed gasses (air and CO&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size:0.6em&amp;quot;&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt; at 0.4 L/min) regulated using mass-flow controllers (GFC17, Aalborg) and monitored with a CO&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size:0.6em&amp;quot;&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt; analyzer (model Q-S151; Qubit Systems) into a 1.5-L glass bioreactor system. The bioreactors were inoculated with 150,000 cells/ml of acclimated, axenic &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;T. pseudonana&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt; and grown for 5 days on a 12: 12 h dark: light cycle. The pH was monitored spectrophotometrically (Dickson et al. 2007); the photochemical yield of photosystem II (variable fluorescence/maximum fluorescence Fv/Fm) was measured with an AquaPen AP100; and total dissolved nitrogen was measure using the Nitrite/Nitrate, Colorimetric Test Roche # 11746081001) kit after syringe-filtering (0.2μm) the samples. Samples were taken twice a day, in the middle of dark-time, and the middle of the light-time representing different growth conditions regulating the metabolism based on light and nitrogen on days one and two (Ashworth et al. 2013). On days three and four, samples were only taken during the light time for experiment b. This experiment was repeated to evaluate the recovery of the cells from starvation by amending NO&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size:0.6em&amp;quot;&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt; (170 uM+/- 5uM) on day 5, after 70 hrs of starvation for &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;T. pseudonana&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt; and sampled at T1: 0h, T2: 1h and T3: 3 hr, and T4: 6 hr after adding the supplemental nitrogen. Samples T1, T2, T3, were set on ice in the dark before analysis at when T4 was sampled.&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Single cell transcriptomics: we used 10x Genomics Chromium single-cell 3' gene expression protocols to profile samples of 1000-10,000 diatoms. We used the standard throughput kits (v3.0, cat. #1000094) for exploration, targeting 10K cells/sample for measurements in a and c, and low throughput (LT) kits (v3.1, cat. #1000325) for a time series targeting 1000 cells/sample in experiment b. Fresh cells were harvested, washed with 1 × Phosphate buffered Saline (PBS) in RNase free water, at&amp;amp;nbsp; pH 7.4 and resuspended at 1 × 106 cells per ml in 1x PBS and 0.10% bovine serum albumin (x).&amp;amp;nbsp; Cellular suspensions were loaded on a Chromium instrument to generate single-cell Gelbead-In-EMulsion (GEM) droplets. Reverse transcription (RT) was performed in a C1000 Touch thermocycler (Biorad, Hercules, CA). After RT, GEMs were harvested and the cDNAs were amplified and cleaned with SPRIselect Reagent Kit (Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA).&amp;amp;nbsp; Indexed sequencing libraries were constructed using the Chromium Single-Cell 3’ Library Kit for enzymatic fragmentation, end-repair, A-tailing, adapter ligation, ligation cleanup, sample index PCR, and PCR cleanup. The barcoded sequencing libraries were quantified by quantitative PCR using the KAPA Library Quantification Kit (KAPA Biosystems, Wilmington, MA). Sequencing libraries were loaded on a NextSeq500 (Illumina, San Diego, CA) and run 150 cycles (26 bp for Read 1 and 124 bp for Read 2).&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Experiment Metadata (physiology, gene and cell information):&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;background-color:transparent; color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:11pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Experiment&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
Start_Date 12-4&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
Light:Dark 12:12&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
Lights_On 1:00 PM&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
Lights_(umols/m.s) 1000 umoles m-2s-1&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
CO2_ppm ~420&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
scRNAseq_Timepoints 18 hours, 30 hours, 42 hours, 54 hours, 68 hours,&amp;amp;nbsp;80 hours, 92 hours&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
scRNAseq_Timepoint_Labels&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
Notes scRNA, Full ESAW nitrate limited (170uM). Starting innoculate = 150k/m&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;</gco:CharacterString>
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** Missing data values are displayed differently based on the file format you download.  They are blank in csv files, &amp;quot;NaN&amp;quot; in MatLab files, etc.

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		  </gmd:address>
      <gmd:onlineResource>
          <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
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              <gmd:URL>http://www.bco-dmo.org</gmd:URL>
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		  <gmd:hoursOfService>
        <gco:CharacterString>Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm</gco:CharacterString>
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		  <gmd:contactInstructions>
		    <gco:CharacterString>For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.</gco:CharacterString>
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            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
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                <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/instrument/649.rdf" xlink:title="Automated DNA Sequencer" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Nextseq 500 DNA sequencer, Illumina (San Diego, CA)</gmx:Anchor>
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            <gco:CharacterString>PI Supplied Instrument Name: Nextseq 500 DNA sequencer, Illumina (San Diego, CA) Instrument Name: Automated DNA Sequencer Instrument Short Name:Automated Sequencer   Instrument Description: A DNA sequencer is an instrument that determines the order of deoxynucleotides in deoxyribonucleic acid sequences.</gco:CharacterString>
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              <gmd:code>
                <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/instrument/918876.rdf" xlink:title="Chromium Controller" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Chromium Controller droplet generator, 10x Genomics (Pleasanton, CA)</gmx:Anchor>
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                <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/instrument/491476.rdf" xlink:title="CO2 Analyzer" xlink:actuate="onRequest">CO2 analyzer (model Q-S151; Qubit Systems)</gmx:Anchor>
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            <gco:CharacterString>CO2 analyzer (model Q-S151; Qubit Systems)</gco:CharacterString>
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            <gco:CharacterString>PI Supplied Instrument Name: CO2 analyzer (model Q-S151; Qubit Systems) Instrument Name: CO2 Analyzer Instrument Short Name:CO2 Analyzer   Instrument Description: Measures atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/382/</gco:CharacterString>
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              <gmd:code>
                <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/instrument/471582.rdf" xlink:title="Thermal Cycler" xlink:actuate="onRequest">C1000 Touch PCR Thermocycler, Biorad (Hercules, CA)</gmx:Anchor>
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            <gco:CharacterString>C1000 Touch PCR Thermocycler, Biorad (Hercules, CA)</gco:CharacterString>
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            <gco:CharacterString>PI Supplied Instrument Name: C1000 Touch PCR Thermocycler, Biorad (Hercules, CA) Instrument Name: Thermal Cycler Instrument Short Name:Thermal Cycler   Instrument Description: A thermal cycler or &quot;thermocycler&quot; is a general term for a type of laboratory apparatus, commonly used for performing polymerase chain reaction (PCR), that is capable of repeatedly altering and maintaining specific temperatures for defined periods of time. The device has a thermal block with holes where tubes with the PCR reaction mixtures can be inserted. The cycler then raises and lowers the temperature of the block in discrete, pre-programmed steps. They can also be used to facilitate other temperature-sensitive reactions, including restriction enzyme digestion or rapid diagnostics.

(adapted from http://serc.carleton.edu/microbelife/research_methods/genomics/pcr.html)</gco:CharacterString>
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