http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/927046
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2024-05-09
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Dissolved organic matter sulfur and carbon analysis of samples collected between 2010 and 2021 from various locations globally
2024-05-09
publication
2024-05-09
revision
Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA)
2024-05-10
publication
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.927046.1
Alex Sessions
California Institute of Technology
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Phillips, A., Sessions, A. (2024) Dissolved organic matter sulfur and carbon analysis of samples collected between 2010 and 2021 from various locations globally. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2024-05-09 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.927046.1 [access date]
Dissolved Organic Matter Sulfur and Carbon Analysis Dataset Description: <p>Samples spanned basins and water depths, including the North Atlantic Gyre, Northeast Pacific oxygen minimum zone, Northeast Pacific Shelf, North Pacific Gyre, San Pedro Basin, Caeté Estuary, South Pacific Gyre, and the North Sea. Samples spanned depths of 0 to 4800 meters. Exact location data, including latitude, longitude, and collection depth are provided in the dataset. Most data in this dataset represent measurements of aliquots of archived samples from collaborators; these were collected on many different cruises, on many different dates, around the world. New samples represented in this dataset include: 12 samples collected at station HOT on the R/V Kilo Moana in November 2020 (KM2013) and 12 samples collected at station BATS in September 2020 (AE2014).</p> Methods and Sampling: <p>Seawater samples (of ∼5 to 20 liters (L) were collected from Niskin bottles into acid-washed polyethylene containers and filtered through a 0.80/0.45 micrometer (μm) capsule filter (AcroPak 500) prior to acidification to pH 2 with reagent grade 12 N hydrochloric acid. Samples were then stored at 4 degrees Celsius (°C) in the dark until back on shore. In the lab, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations were measured prior to solid phase extraction (SPE) via high-temperature combustion on a Shimadzu Total Organic Carbon Analyzer (Shimadzu Corp). Dissolved organic matter (DOM) was concentrated using SPE with Bond Elute PPL cartridges (Agilent; 1 gram, 6 milliliter (mL) size) following Dittmar et al. (2008). DOM samples were eluted in GC-grade methanol. Extracts were dried under a stream of N2 gas and transferred to 2 mL GC vials and then to 150 microliter (μL) glass inserts. Aliquots corresponding to ∼4.5 micrograms (μg) sulfur (∼350 μg DOC) were transferred in methanol from 2 mL GC vials into smooth-walled tin EA capsules (~ 2.9 millimeters (mm), OEA Laboratories). Methanol was evaporated at room temperature (∼2 hours) prior to folding. Tin capsules containing dried DOM were folded closed with clean tweezers, loaded into an autosampler, and then combusted and analyzed by combustion elemental analyzer / isotope ratio mass spectrometer following Phillips et al. (2021).</p>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-2023687 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=2023687
completed
Alex Sessions
California Institute of Technology
626-395-6445
Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, MC100-23
Pasadena
CA
91125
USA
sessions@caltech.edu
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: 1
Unknown
Sample_ID
Sample_Location
Station
Depth
Latitude
Longitude
Year
Month
d34S
n_d34S
std_error_d34S
d13C
n_d13C
std_error_d13C
C_to_S_ratio
n_C_to_S_ratio
std_error_C_to_S_ratio
Oxygen
Salinity
Flourescence
Temperature
Nitrate
Phosphate
Silicate
DOC
DOS
ConFlo IV Universal Interface
Thermo Scientific Flash EA IsoLink CN
Delta V Plus IRMS
theme
None, User defined
sample identification
site
station
depth
latitude
longitude
year
month of year
Sulfur (S)
number
d13C
ratio
dissolved Oxygen
salinity
fluorescence
water temperature at measurement depth
Nitrate
phosphate
Silicate, Si(OH)4, silicic acid
dissolved organic Carbon
Dissolved Organic Sulfur (DOS)
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
Continuous Flow Interface for Mass Spectrometers
Elemental Analyzer
Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
AE2014
KM2013
service
Deployment Activity
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
Resolving sources of marine DOM via novel sulfur isotope analyses
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/917860
Resolving sources of marine DOM via novel sulfur isotope analyses
<p><em>NSF Award Abstract:</em><br />
Organic molecules that contain sulfur in the ocean are poorly understood. Organic sulfur is abundant, and likely helps stabilize dissolved organic matter, binds important trace metals, and provides trace nutrients to phytoplankton. However, it is not known whether organic sulfur molecules derive from biological processes, or from non-biological “sulfurization” reactions involving hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Existing knowledge predicts that the two pathways should generate very different -- and easily measurable -- distributions of sulfur isotopes (i.e., elemental sulfur with varied atomic mass). This study will use a new, highly sensitive method to measure the sulfur isotope values of dissolved organic molecules to distinguish between the two formation pathways. If successful, this method will be used to calculate how much dissolved organic sulfur results from each pathway. This project will provide an opportunity for a local high school student to engage in laboratory research during a one year internship, in partnership with a local all-girls high school. Additionally, the graduate student supported by this project will host a “Day in the Life” information session on the Women Doing Science Instagram social media platform. She will answer questions about oceanography and marine science careers from followers of this Instagram account while on a research cruise collecting samples for the project.</p>
<p>Several lines of evidence have recently converged to focus interest on marine dissolved organic sulfur (DOS), including the recognition that many heterotrophic bacteria require exogenous sources of ‘fixed’ organic sulfur; that organosulfur molecules -- particularly thiols -- play a major role in binding and sequestering trace metals; and that at 6700 Tg S, DOS is the second largest (after dissolved sulfate) sulfur pool in the oceans. Perhaps most importantly, DOS is thousands of years old, implying that it is not rapidly recycled and challenging the expectation that DOS derives mainly from labile biomolecules such as cysteine, methionine and dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP). A plausible alternative is that abiotic sulfurization reactions with H2S from anoxic porewaters and the water column is a source of recalcitrant marine DOS. Distinguishing between these formation pathways is critical for understanding DOS dynamics, but thus far has been difficult. Based on existing data, it is thought that DOS formed from marine phytoplankton should have a sulfur isotope value (δ34S) near +20‰ (VCDT). Alternatively, DOS formed from abiotic sulfurization should be more variable, with average values of -20‰. Because these isotope values are distinct, they should be able to distinguish between the two pathways. The primary obstacle to analysis has been the low (µM) concentration of DOS, and difficulties associated with concentrating it in seawater. This study will use new analytical techniques developed at Caltech to measure the δ34S values of DOS at several locations, and compound-specific δ34S values for cysteine and methionine from the Bermuda (BATS) and Hawaii (HOT) time series locations. This work will contribute new information about the marine sulfur cycle, and improve understanding of the role that DOS plays in stabilizing carbon in the deep oceans.</p>
<p>This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.</p>
S isotopes in marine DOM
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
oceans
-158
7.7
-13
53.74
2010-01-01
2021-02-28
Global oceans (survey)
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Dissolved organic matter sulfur and carbon analysis of samples collected between 2010 and 2021 from various locations globally
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/927072.rdf
Name: Sample_ID
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Sample ID number</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/927073.rdf
Name: Sample_Location
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Location where sample was collected</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/927074.rdf
Name: Station
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Station number where sample was collected</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/927075.rdf
Name: Depth
Units: meters (m)
Description: <p>Depth of sample collection</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/927076.rdf
Name: Latitude
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>Latitude of sample collection; positive values = North</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/927077.rdf
Name: Longitude
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>Longitude of sample collection; positive values = East</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/927078.rdf
Name: Year
Units: unitless
Description: <p>4-digit year of sample collection</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/927079.rdf
Name: Month
Units: unitless
Description: <p>2-digit month of sample collection</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/927080.rdf
Name: d34S
Units: per mil (‰)
Description: <p>delta 34S; ratio of sulfur 34 relative to sulfur 32</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/927081.rdf
Name: n_d34S
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Number of replicates used to determine d34S</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/927082.rdf
Name: std_error_d34S
Units: per mil (‰)
Description: <p>Standard error of d34S</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/927083.rdf
Name: d13C
Units: per mil (‰)
Description: <p>delta 13C; ratio of stable isotopes 13C:12C</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/927084.rdf
Name: n_d13C
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Number of replicates used to determine d13C</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/927085.rdf
Name: std_error_d13C
Units: per mil (‰)
Description: <p>Standard error of d13C</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/927086.rdf
Name: C_to_S_ratio
Units: unitless
Description: <p>C:S ratio (molar); determined from SPE extracts</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/927087.rdf
Name: n_C_to_S_ratio
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Number of replicates used to determine C:S</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/927088.rdf
Name: std_error_C_to_S_ratio
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Standard error of C_to_S_ratio</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/927089.rdf
Name: Oxygen
Units: micromolar (uM)
Description: <p>Oxygen</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/927090.rdf
Name: Salinity
Units: psu
Description: <p>Salinity</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/927091.rdf
Name: Flourescence
Units: relative fluorescence units
Description: <p>Fluorescence</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/927092.rdf
Name: Temperature
Units: degrees Celsius
Description: <p>Water temperature</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/927093.rdf
Name: Nitrate
Units: micromolar (uM)
Description: <p>Nitrate</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/927094.rdf
Name: Phosphate
Units: micromolar (uM)
Description: <p>Phosphate</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/927095.rdf
Name: Silicate
Units: micromolar (uM)
Description: <p>Silicate</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/927096.rdf
Name: DOC
Units: micromolar (uM)
Description: <p>Dissolved organic carbon</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/927097.rdf
Name: DOS
Units: nanomolar (nM)
Description: <p>Dissolver organic sulfur; DOS is calculated from DOC concentrations (measured)</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
11433
https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/552a861d-6761-4824-98ac-997945b79ad1/content
download
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.927046.1
download
onLine
dataset
<p>Seawater samples (of ∼5 to 20 liters (L) were collected from Niskin bottles into acid-washed polyethylene containers and filtered through a 0.80/0.45 micrometer (μm) capsule filter (AcroPak 500) prior to acidification to pH 2 with reagent grade 12 N hydrochloric acid. Samples were then stored at 4 degrees Celsius (°C) in the dark until back on shore. In the lab, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations were measured prior to solid phase extraction (SPE) via high-temperature combustion on a Shimadzu Total Organic Carbon Analyzer (Shimadzu Corp). Dissolved organic matter (DOM) was concentrated using SPE with Bond Elute PPL cartridges (Agilent; 1 gram, 6 milliliter (mL) size) following Dittmar et al. (2008). DOM samples were eluted in GC-grade methanol. Extracts were dried under a stream of N2 gas and transferred to 2 mL GC vials and then to 150 microliter (μL) glass inserts. Aliquots corresponding to ∼4.5 micrograms (μg) sulfur (∼350 μg DOC) were transferred in methanol from 2 mL GC vials into smooth-walled tin EA capsules (~ 2.9 millimeters (mm), OEA Laboratories). Methanol was evaporated at room temperature (∼2 hours) prior to folding. Tin capsules containing dried DOM were folded closed with clean tweezers, loaded into an autosampler, and then combusted and analyzed by combustion elemental analyzer / isotope ratio mass spectrometer following Phillips et al. (2021).</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
<p>Isotope data were recorded using Isodat v3.0 (Thermo Scientific). Isodat calibrates the integrated ion-current ratios against internal reference gas standards, and reports them as δ13C and δ34S values relative to the VPDB and VCDT isotopic scales, respectively. All δ values are reported as ‰ (permil, ppt) deviations from the relevant zero points. Subsequent data processing in spreadsheets included subtraction of capsule blanks, discarding outliers, linearity (peak size) correction, and further calibration to external standards. Sulfur isotope and concentration standards included a methionine working standard, seawater sulfate, and silver sulfide reference materials (IAEA S1, S2, S3). Additionally, a working standard of DOMSPE extracted in a large batch (∼200 L) from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) pier was run in at least triplicate with each sample set. C:S ratios were obtained by dividing corrected carbon and sulfur amounts (molar ratio), as calculated from EA peak areas. DOS concentrations were calculated as the product of measured total DOC concentration and DOMSPE C:S ratio.</p>
<p>Extracts supplied by collaborators were often limited by sample size to single or duplicate analyses, so we could not always estimate precision directly for each sample. Instead, uncertainties in isotopic compositions and C:S ratios for samples are reported using the SD of our DOM SIO pier standard measurements, divided by the square root of number of sample replicates analyzed. These SEs (1σ) were ≤0.2‰ for δ34S values and δ13C values and ≤6 for C:S ratios, and we therefore refer to DOSSPE concentrations as apparent or calculated throughout.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
- Imported original file "pnas.2209152119.sd01.xlsx" into the BCO-DMO system.
- Renamed fields to comply with BCO-DMO naming conventions.
- Converted the Month column from string to numeric.
- Saved final file as "927046_v1_dom_sulfur_and_carbon_analysis.csv".
Specified by BCO-DMO Data Managers
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
ConFlo IV Universal Interface
ConFlo IV Universal Interface
PI Supplied Instrument Name: ConFlo IV Universal Interface PI Supplied Instrument Description:SPE extracts were analyzed for their C and S concentrations and stable isotope compositions (δ13C and δ34S) via combustion elemental analyzer (EA) / isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). The system comprised a Thermo Scientific Flash EA IsoLink CN, coupled to a Delta V Plus IRMS via a ConFlo IV Universal Interface. The EA was configured with dual columns (combustion: WO3 over Cu; reduction: Cu metal) and a temperature-programmable GC column oven that allows both CO2 and SO2 to be eluted in the same run, as described by Phillips et al. (2021). Due to the high C:S molar ratios of DOM, CO2 was diluted by 88.4% following combustion via the ConFlo. Urea standards were run at the same settings to account for any possible fractionation of 13C by this dilution. Instrument Name: Continuous Flow Interface for Mass Spectrometers Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: A Continuous Flow Interface connects solid and liquid sample preparation devices to instruments that measure isotopic composition. It allows the introduction of the sample and also reference and carrier gases.
Examples: Finnigan MATConFlo II, ThermoScientific ConFlo IV, and Picarro Caddy.
Note: This is NOT an analyzer
Thermo Scientific Flash EA IsoLink CN
Thermo Scientific Flash EA IsoLink CN
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Thermo Scientific Flash EA IsoLink CN PI Supplied Instrument Description:SPE extracts were analyzed for their C and S concentrations and stable isotope compositions (δ13C and δ34S) via combustion elemental analyzer (EA) / isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). The system comprised a Thermo Scientific Flash EA IsoLink CN, coupled to a Delta V Plus IRMS via a ConFlo IV Universal Interface. The EA was configured with dual columns (combustion: WO3 over Cu; reduction: Cu metal) and a temperature-programmable GC column oven that allows both CO2 and SO2 to be eluted in the same run, as described by Phillips et al. (2021). Due to the high C:S molar ratios of DOM, CO2 was diluted by 88.4% following combustion via the ConFlo. Urea standards were run at the same settings to account for any possible fractionation of 13C by this dilution. Instrument Name: Elemental Analyzer Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: Instruments that quantify carbon, nitrogen and sometimes other elements by combusting the sample at very high temperature and assaying the resulting gaseous oxides. Usually used for samples including organic material. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB01/
Delta V Plus IRMS
Delta V Plus IRMS
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Delta V Plus IRMS PI Supplied Instrument Description:SPE extracts were analyzed for their C and S concentrations and stable isotope compositions (δ13C and δ34S) via combustion elemental analyzer (EA) / isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). The system comprised a Thermo Scientific Flash EA IsoLink CN, coupled to a Delta V Plus IRMS via a ConFlo IV Universal Interface. The EA was configured with dual columns (combustion: WO3 over Cu; reduction: Cu metal) and a temperature-programmable GC column oven that allows both CO2 and SO2 to be eluted in the same run, as described by Phillips et al. (2021). Due to the high C:S molar ratios of DOM, CO2 was diluted by 88.4% following combustion via the ConFlo. Urea standards were run at the same settings to account for any possible fractionation of 13C by this dilution. Instrument Name: Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer Instrument Short Name:IR Mass Spec; IRMS Instrument Description: The Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer is a particular type of mass spectrometer used to measure the relative abundance of isotopes in a given sample (e.g. VG Prism II Isotope Ratio Mass-Spectrometer). Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB16/
Cruise: AE2014
AE2014
R/V Atlantic Explorer
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Atlantic Explorer
vessel
AE2014
Rodney J. Johnson
Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences
Cruise: KM2013
KM2013
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel
KM2013
Fernando Santiago-Mandujano
University of Hawai'i
R/V Atlantic Explorer
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Atlantic Explorer
vessel
R/V Kilo Moana
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Kilo Moana
vessel