http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/928099
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2024-05-21
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Nitrate d15N and d18O from Niskin bottle samples collected on Leg 2 (Hilo, HI to Papeete, French Polynesia) of the US GEOTRACES Pacific Meridional Transect (PMT) cruise (GP15, RR1815) on R/V Roger Revelle from October to November 2018
2024-05-21
publication
2024-05-21
revision
Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA)
2024-06-13
publication
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.928099.1
Daniel M. Sigman
Princeton University
principalInvestigator
Karen L. Casciotti
Stanford University
principalInvestigator
Jen Karolewski
Stanford University
principalInvestigator
Rian Lawrence
Stanford University
principalInvestigator
Dario Marconi
Princeton University
principalInvestigator
Alfredo Martinez Garcia
Max Planck Institute for Chemistry
principalInvestigator
Wentao Wang
Princeton University
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Sigman, D. M., Casciotti, K. L., Marconi, D., Lawrence, R., Wang, W., Oleynik, S., Karolewski, J., Martinez Garcia, A. (2024) Nitrate d15N and d18O from Niskin bottle samples collected on Leg 2 (Hilo, HI to Papeete, French Polynesia) of the US GEOTRACES Pacific Meridional Transect (PMT) cruise (GP15, RR1815) on R/V Roger Revelle from October to November 2018. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2024-05-21 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.928099.1 [access date]
GP15 Nitrate d15N and d18O Leg 2 Dataset Description: Methods and Sampling: <p>Seawater samples were collected using a 36-bottle ODF (Ocean Data Facility) conventional rosette equipped with 10.4-liter (L) Niskin bottles.</p>
<p>HDPE nalgene bottles were acid washed (10% HCl) and rinsed three times (3X) with high-purity water (HPW) before being shipped at sea. Sampling at sea followed the GEOTRACES cookbook indications for nitrate isotopes. Bottles and caps were rinsed three times (3X) with seawater samples from the Niskin before being filled up to shoulder. Samples were then stored kept upright and frozen at -20 degrees Celsius (°C).</p>
<p>Seawater samples were processed in accordance with the published Denitrifier Method (Casciotti et al., 2002). All isotope analyses were performed on a MAT253 Thermo IRMS equipped with a custom-sample preparation system. With this system, we were able to achieve an overall standard deviation of 0.04 per mil for d15N-NO3 analyses and 0.11 per mil for d18O-NO3 analyses. Individual data points have been averaged with standard deviations reported. Please see the papers cited under Related Publications for equations applied to derive final data.</p>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1736652 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1736652
completed
Daniel M. Sigman
Princeton University
609-258-2194
Department of Geosciences M52 Guyot Hall
Princeton
NJ
08544
USA
sigman@princeton.edu
pointOfContact
Karen L. Casciotti
Stanford University
650-721-5545
Department of Environmental Earth System Science 473 Via Ortega, Y2E2 Building, Room 140
Stanford
CA
94305
USA
kcasciotti@stanford.edu
pointOfContact
Jen Karolewski
Stanford University
Stanford
CA
USA
jkarolew@stanford.edu
pointOfContact
Rian Lawrence
Stanford University
Stanford
CA
USA
rian@stanford.edu
pointOfContact
Dario Marconi
Princeton University
609-424-7992
A15 Guyot Hall
Princeton
NJ
08544
USA
dmarconi@princeton.edu
pointOfContact
Alfredo Martinez Garcia
Max Planck Institute for Chemistry
Mainz
Germany
a.martinez-garcia@mpic.de
pointOfContact
Wentao Wang
Princeton University
wtwang@qdio.ac.cn
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: 1
Unknown
Station_ID
Event_ID
Start_Date_UTC
Start_Time_UTC
Start_ISO_DateTime_UTC
End_Date_UTC
End_Time_UTC
End_ISO_DateTime_UTC
Start_Latitude
Start_Longitude
End_Latitude
End_Longitude
Sample_ID
Sample_Depth
NITRATE_15_14_D_DELTA_BOTTLE_w2kmnp
SD1_NITRATE_15_14_D_DELTA_BOTTLE_w2kmnp
Flag_NITRATE_15_14_D_DELTA_BOTTLE_w2kmnp
NITRATE_18_16_D_DELTA_BOTTLE_dksgvb
SD1_NITRATE_18_16_D_DELTA_BOTTLE_dksgvb
Flag_NITRATE_18_16_D_DELTA_BOTTLE_dksgvb
Comment
MAT253 Thermo IRMS equipped with a custom-sample preparation system
10.4L Niskin bottles deployed on the ODF 36-bottle rosette
theme
None, User defined
station
event
date
time of day
ISO_DateTime_UTC
latitude
longitude
sample identification
depth
d15N_NO3
quality flag
d18O_NO3
comments
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer
Niskin bottle
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
RR1815
service
Deployment Activity
Hilo, HI to Papeete, French Polynesia
place
Locations
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
U.S. GEOTRACES
http://www.geotraces.org/
U.S. GEOTRACES
GEOTRACES is a SCOR sponsored program; and funding for program infrastructure development is provided by the U.S. National Science Foundation.
GEOTRACES gained momentum following a special symposium, S02: Biogeochemical cycling of trace elements and isotopes in the ocean and applications to constrain contemporary marine processes (GEOSECS II), at a 2003 Goldschmidt meeting convened in Japan. The GEOSECS II acronym referred to the Geochemical Ocean Section Studies To determine full water column distributions of selected trace elements and isotopes, including their concentration, chemical speciation, and physical form, along a sufficient number of sections in each ocean basin to establish the principal relationships between these distributions and with more traditional hydrographic parameters;
* To evaluate the sources, sinks, and internal cycling of these species and thereby characterize more completely the physical, chemical and biological processes regulating their distributions, and the sensitivity of these processes to global change; and
* To understand the processes that control the concentrations of geochemical species used for proxies of the past environment, both in the water column and in the substrates that reflect the water column.
GEOTRACES will be global in scope, consisting of ocean sections complemented by regional process studies. Sections and process studies will combine fieldwork, laboratory experiments and modelling. Beyond realizing the scientific objectives identified above, a natural outcome of this work will be to build a community of marine scientists who understand the processes regulating trace element cycles sufficiently well to exploit this knowledge reliably in future interdisciplinary studies.
Expand "Projects" below for information about and data resulting from individual US GEOTRACES research projects.
U.S. GEOTRACES
largerWorkCitation
program
US GEOTRACES Pacific Meridional Transect (GP15)
http://www.geotraces.org/
US GEOTRACES Pacific Meridional Transect (GP15)
<p>A 60-day research cruise took place in 2018 along a transect form Alaska to Tahiti at 152° W. A description of the project titled "<em>Collaborative Research: Management and implementation of the US GEOTRACES Pacific Meridional Transect</em>", funded by NSF, is below. Further project information is available on the <a href="https://www.geotraces.org/" target="_blank">US GEOTRACES website</a> and on the <a href="https://geotraces-gp15.com/" target="_blank">cruise blog</a>. A detailed <a href="https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/docs/geotraces/GEOTRACES_PMT/casciotti/data_docs/GP15_Cruise_Report_with_ODF_Report.pdf" target="_blank">cruise report is also available</a> as a PDF.</p>
<p><em>Description from NSF award abstract:</em><br />
GEOTRACES is a global effort in the field of Chemical Oceanography in which the United States plays a major role. The goal of the GEOTRACES program is to understand the distributions of many elements and their isotopes in the ocean. Until quite recently, these elements could not be measured at a global scale. Understanding the distributions of these elements and isotopes will increase the understanding of processes that shape their distributions and also the processes that depend on these elements. For example, many "trace elements" (elements that are present in very low amounts) are also important for life, and their presence or absence can play a vital role in the population of marine ecosystems. This project will launch the next major U.S. GEOTRACES expedition in the Pacific Ocean between Alaska and Tahiti. The award made here would support all of the major infrastructure for this expedition, including the research vessel, the sampling equipment, and some of the core oceanographic measurements. This project will also support the personnel needed to lead the expedition and collect the samples.</p>
<p>This project would support the essential sampling operations and infrastructure for the U.S. GEOTRACES Pacific Meridional Transect along 152° W to support a large variety of individual science projects on trace element and isotope (TEI) biogeochemistry that will follow. Thus, the major objectives of this management proposal are: (1) plan and coordinate a 60 day research cruise in 2018; (2) obtain representative samples for a wide variety of TEIs using a conventional CTD/rosette, GEOTRACES Trace Element Sampling Systems, and in situ pumps; (3) acquire conventional CTD hydrographic data along with discrete samples for salinity, dissolved oxygen, algal pigments, and dissolved nutrients at micro- and nanomolar levels; (4) ensure that proper QA/QC protocols are followed and reported, as well as fulfilling all GEOTRACES intercalibration protocols; (5) prepare and deliver all hydrographic data to the GEOTRACES Data Assembly Centre (via the US BCO-DMO data center); and (6) coordinate all cruise communications between investigators, including preparation of a hydrographic report/publication. This project would also provide baseline measurements of TEIs in the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (~7.5°N-17°N, ~155°W-115°W) where large-scale deep sea mining is planned. Environmental impact assessments are underway in partnership with the mining industry, but the effect of mining activities on TEIs in the water column is one that could be uniquely assessed by the GEOTRACES community. In support of efforts to communicate the science to a wide audience the investigators will recruit an early career freelance science journalist with interests in marine science and oceanography to participate on the cruise and do public outreach, photography and/or videography, and social media from the ship, as well as to submit articles about the research to national media. The project would also support several graduate students.</p>
U.S. GEOTRACES PMT
largerWorkCitation
project
Collaborative Research: US GEOTRACES PMT: Investigating geochemical tracers of the Pacific nitrogen cycle and budget
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/838924
Collaborative Research: US GEOTRACES PMT: Investigating geochemical tracers of the Pacific nitrogen cycle and budget
<p><em>NSF Award Abstract:</em><br />
Nitrate is an important nutrient that marine plants and algae need for growth. It is abundant in deep ocean waters, but scarce in most sunlit surface waters. The purpose of this project is to better understand what controls the availability of nitrate in the deep ocean and its delivery to surface waters. Researchers from Stanford University, Princeton University, and Brown University will analyze the stable isotopes of seawater nitrate collected between Alaska and Tahiti in the Pacific Ocean. The data will provide information about the supply of nitrate to a large section of the Pacific Ocean and allow informed decisions on past and future changes in marine photosynthesis. This collaborative project will be carried under the GEOTRACES program, an international effort to understand the distribution of elements in the global ocean. This study will include undergraduate, graduate, and postdoctoral researchers at all three academic institutions. The investigators will develop a 1-day workshop for the Teachers as Scholars program, for middle and high school teachers at Princeton University. The workshop will focus on accessing and visualizing ocean data sets and other content available on the internet for project-based learning in the classroom. Investigators will also participate in teacher workshops offered each summer at Stanford University. Data from this project will be made available to the public through the Biological and Chemical Oceanography-Data Management Office (bco-dmo.org). The data will also be compiled in GEOTRACES data products that will be freely available.</p>
<p>The isotopic composition of nitrate in the ocean interior records biogeochemical and physical processes on the time scales of years, decades, centuries, and millennia, with the shallow subsurface and deep ocean recording shorter and longer time scales, respectively. These are meaningful time scales in the efforts to (1) understand the feedbacks that structure the biogeochemistry of N in the ocean, ocean productivity, and the global carbon cycle, (2) reconstruct past changes in ocean biogeochemistry and carbon cycling, and (3) perhaps predict future changes. This proposal seeks to analyze the nitrate isotopes during the upcoming US GEOTRACES Pacific Meridional Transect (GP15) between Alaska and Tahiti. Nitrate isotopes provide critical constraints on the ocean N cycle and budget, especially in the Pacific Ocean where a variety of processes affect the distribution of nitrate and its supply to surface waters. This largely meridional section of nitrate isotope data will be broadly useful as part of the growing nitrate isotope dataset for the global ocean and for comparison to the many complementary geochemical data sets that will be generated as part of this GEOTRACES effort. In addition, nitrate isotopes in aerosols will be measured to support interpretations of nitrate isotopes in surface waters along the section. The proposed measurements will contribute to the investigation of three overarching questions: 1) What are the similarities and differences in N biogeochemistry among the different nutrient-rich regions in the Pacific basin: the Southern Ocean, equatorial Pacific, and subarctic North Pacific, and how do they affect nitrate supply to low-latitude surface waters? 2) What sources of nitrogen fuel export production in surface waters across the Pacific? 3) What are the roles in surface and subsurface processes in the distribution of nitrate isotopes in the ocean interior?</p>
PMT Nitrate
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
oceans
Hilo, HI to Papeete, French Polynesia
-155.2581
-151.9861
-20
18.9065
2018-10-25
2018-11-23
Pacific Meridional Transect along 152W (GP15)
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Nitrate d15N and d18O from Niskin bottle samples collected on Leg 2 (Hilo, HI to Papeete, French Polynesia) of the US GEOTRACES Pacific Meridional Transect (PMT) cruise (GP15, RR1815) on R/V Roger Revelle from October to November 2018
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/928126.rdf
Name: Station_ID
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Station number</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/928127.rdf
Name: Event_ID
Units: unitless
Description: <p>GEOTRACES event number</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/928128.rdf
Name: Start_Date_UTC
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Date of sampling (start)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/928129.rdf
Name: Start_Time_UTC
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Time of sampling (start) (UTC)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/928130.rdf
Name: Start_ISO_DateTime_UTC
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Date and time of sampling in ISO 8601 format (start) (UTC)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/928131.rdf
Name: End_Date_UTC
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Date of sampling (end)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/928132.rdf
Name: End_Time_UTC
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Time of sampling (end) (UTC)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/928133.rdf
Name: End_ISO_DateTime_UTC
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Date and time of sampling in ISO 8601 format (end) (UTC)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/928134.rdf
Name: Start_Latitude
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>Latitude of sampling (start); positive values = North</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/928135.rdf
Name: Start_Longitude
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>Longitude of sampling (start); negative values = West</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/928136.rdf
Name: End_Latitude
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>Latitude of sampling (end); positive values = North</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/928137.rdf
Name: End_Longitude
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>Longitude of sampling (end); negative values = West</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/928138.rdf
Name: Sample_ID
Units: unitless
Description: <p>GEOTRACES sample ID</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/928139.rdf
Name: Sample_Depth
Units: meters (m)
Description: <p>Depth in meters (calculated from pressure and latitude)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/928140.rdf
Name: NITRATE_15_14_D_DELTA_BOTTLE_w2kmnp
Units: per mil versus air
Description: <p>Nitrate d15N in per mil versus air</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/928141.rdf
Name: SD1_NITRATE_15_14_D_DELTA_BOTTLE_w2kmnp
Units: per mil versus air
Description: <p>Standard deviation of NITRATE_15_14_D_DELTA_BOTTLE_w2kmnp</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/928142.rdf
Name: Flag_NITRATE_15_14_D_DELTA_BOTTLE_w2kmnp
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Quality flag for NITRATE_15_14_D_DELTA_BOTTLE_w2kmnp</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/928143.rdf
Name: NITRATE_18_16_D_DELTA_BOTTLE_dksgvb
Units: per mil versus VSMOW
Description: <p>Nitrate d18O in per mil versus VSMOW</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/928144.rdf
Name: SD1_NITRATE_18_16_D_DELTA_BOTTLE_dksgvb
Units: per mil versus VSMOW
Description: <p>Standard deviation of NITRATE_18_16_D_DELTA_BOTTLE_dksgvb</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/928145.rdf
Name: Flag_NITRATE_18_16_D_DELTA_BOTTLE_dksgvb
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Quality flag for NITRATE_18_16_D_DELTA_BOTTLE_dksgvb</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/928146.rdf
Name: Comment
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Indicates for which samples we performed nitrite removal</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
61711
https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/a1a61807-391e-4060-b654-2cebb4f8501d/content
download
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.928099.1
download
onLine
dataset
<p>Seawater samples were collected using a 36-bottle ODF (Ocean Data Facility) conventional rosette equipped with 10.4-liter (L) Niskin bottles.</p>
<p>HDPE nalgene bottles were acid washed (10% HCl) and rinsed three times (3X) with high-purity water (HPW) before being shipped at sea. Sampling at sea followed the GEOTRACES cookbook indications for nitrate isotopes. Bottles and caps were rinsed three times (3X) with seawater samples from the Niskin before being filled up to shoulder. Samples were then stored kept upright and frozen at -20 degrees Celsius (°C).</p>
<p>Seawater samples were processed in accordance with the published Denitrifier Method (Casciotti et al., 2002). All isotope analyses were performed on a MAT253 Thermo IRMS equipped with a custom-sample preparation system. With this system, we were able to achieve an overall standard deviation of 0.04 per mil for d15N-NO3 analyses and 0.11 per mil for d18O-NO3 analyses. Individual data points have been averaged with standard deviations reported. Please see the papers cited under Related Publications for equations applied to derive final data.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
<p>Raw data (for mass 45/44 and 46/44) are generated by the MAT253 Thermo IRMS and are calibrated into nitrate d15N and d18O using a correction scheme developed in Excel.</p>
<p><strong>Quality Flags:</strong><br />
All data are of good quality and have thus been assigned a flag of '1'.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
- Imported original file "RR1815_data_Sigman.xlsx" into the BCO-DMO system.
- Marked "NaN" as a missing data value (missing data are empty/blank in the final CSV file).
- Renamed fields to comply with BCO-DMO naming conventions.
- Created date-time fields in ISO 8601 format.
- Removed empty fields (Gear_ID and Rosette_Position).
- Saved final file as "928099_v1_gp15_nitrate_d15n_d18o_leg2.csv".
Specified by BCO-DMO Data Managers
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
MAT253 Thermo IRMS equipped with a custom-sample preparation system
MAT253 Thermo IRMS equipped with a custom-sample preparation system
PI Supplied Instrument Name: MAT253 Thermo IRMS equipped with a custom-sample preparation system Instrument Name: Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer Instrument Short Name:IR Mass Spec; IRMS Instrument Description: The Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer is a particular type of mass spectrometer used to measure the relative abundance of isotopes in a given sample (e.g. VG Prism II Isotope Ratio Mass-Spectrometer). Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB16/
10.4L Niskin bottles deployed on the ODF 36-bottle rosette
10.4L Niskin bottles deployed on the ODF 36-bottle rosette
PI Supplied Instrument Name: 10.4L Niskin bottles deployed on the ODF 36-bottle rosette Instrument Name: Niskin bottle Instrument Short Name:Niskin bottle Instrument Description: A Niskin bottle (a next generation water sampler based on the Nansen bottle) is a cylindrical, non-metallic water collection device with stoppers at both ends. The bottles can be attached individually on a hydrowire or deployed in 12, 24, or 36 bottle Rosette systems mounted on a frame and combined with a CTD. Niskin bottles are used to collect discrete water samples for a range of measurements including pigments, nutrients, plankton, etc. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/TOOL0412/
Cruise: RR1815
RR1815
R/V Roger Revelle
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Roger Revelle
vessel
RR1815
Gregory A. Cutter
Old Dominion University
https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/docs/geotraces/GEOTRACES_PMT/casciotti/data_docs/GP15_Cruise_Report_with_ODF_Report.pdf
Report describing RR1815
R/V Roger Revelle
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Roger Revelle
vessel