http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/940164
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2024-10-10
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Total dissolved, dissolved labile, and soluble nickel concentrations determined in water column samples collected on the 2019 Bermuda Atlantic Iron Time-series (BAIT) cruises in the Western Subtropical North Atlantic Gyre
2024-10-11
publication
2024-10-11
revision
Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA)
2024-11-26
publication
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.940164.1
Kristen Nicolle Buck
University of South Florida
principalInvestigator
Peter N. Sedwick
Old Dominion University
principalInvestigator
Salvatore Caprara
University of South Florida
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Buck, K. N., Parente, C. E., Caprara, S., Sohst, B., Sedwick, P. N. (2024) Total dissolved, dissolved labile, and soluble nickel concentrations determined in water column samples collected on the 2019 Bermuda Atlantic Iron Time-series (BAIT) cruises in the Western Subtropical North Atlantic Gyre. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2024-10-11 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.940164.1 [access date]
Dissolved nickel speciation results from 2019 Bermuda Atlantic Iron Time-series (BAIT) cruises Dataset Description: Methods and Sampling: <p><strong>Sample Collection:</strong><br />
Trace metal clean techniques were employed to collect seawater samples from the BATS site (31°40′N, 64°10′W) in 2019 on 12 March, 14 May, 19 August, and 19 November aboard the R/V Endeavor (March) and R/V Atlantic Explorer (May-November). A trace metal clean carousel (SeaBird Electronics) with a conductivity-temperature-depth sensor (SBE 19 plus, SeaBird Electronics) was fitted with custom-modified 5-liter (L) Teflon-lined external-closure Niskin-X samplers (General Oceanics) and deployed on an Amsteel non-metallic line for the collection of hydrographic data and water column samples from twelve depths (Sedwick et al. 2023). In August, an additional surface (0.3 meter (m)) sample was collected ~500 m upwind of the ship by deploying a Niskin-X sampler from an inflatable dinghy. All seawater samples collected for dissolved nickel analyses were filtered (0.2-micrometer (µm)) (AcroPak, Pall) into acid-cleaned low-density polyethylene (LDPE; Nalgene) bottles, acidified to pH 1.7 (0.024 molar (M) Q-HCl, Fisher Optima) by addition of 6 M ultrapure hydrochloric acid (Fisher Optima), and stored double bagged in buckets at room temperature. For soluble (&lt;0.02 µm) nickel analyses, 0.2 µm-filtered seawater was passed through a Milli-Q (≥18.2 MΩ cm) and sample-rinsed 0.02 µm Anotop syringe filter (Sigma-Aldrich) using a peristaltic pump and collected in acid-cleaned LDPE bottles (Ussher et al. 2010); soluble nickel samples were also acidified to pH 1.7 and stored at room temperature. Seawater samples collected for dissolved nickel speciation analyses were 0.2 µm-filtered into acid-cleaned and Milli-Q conditioned fluorinated high-density polyethylene (FPE; Nalgene) bottles and stored at -20 degrees Celsius (°C) until analysis.</p>
<p><strong>Total Dissolved and Soluble Ni Concentrations:</strong><br />
Concentrations of total dissolved and soluble nickel (Ni) were determined in the acidified seawater filtrates using inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS, Thermo Fisher Scientific ElementXR), with in-line separation-preconcentration (Elemental Scientific SeaFAST SP3) modified after Lagerström et al. (2013). Calibration standards were prepared in low-analyte concentration filtered seawater for which initial concentrations were determined using the method of standard additions. Calibration standards were introduced using the same in-line separation-preconcentration procedure as the seawater filtrate samples, with yttrium was used as an internal standard for all samples except where indicated. Analytical blank concentrations were assessed by applying the in-line separation-preconcentration procedure including all reagents and loading air in place of the seawater filtrate sample ("air blank").</p>
<p><strong>Labile Dissolved Ni:</strong><br />
A stock solution of dimethylglyoxime (DMG; Acros Organics, 99+%) was made in methanol (Optima, Fisher) to a concentration of 0.1 M (Saito and Moffett 2001). A working solution of DMG was prepared by diluting the 0.1 M stock with methanol to a concentration of 0.01 M. A 1.5 M borate-ammonium buffer (Ellwood and Van den Berg 2000) was prepared by dissolving 18.55 grams (g) boric acid (Aldrich, 99.999% trace metals basis) in 200 milliliters (mL) 0.4 N ammonium hydroxide (Optima, Fisher). The borate-ammonium buffer was purified of trace metal contaminants by passing through two consecutive chromatography columns containing cleaned and preconditioned Chelex® 100 resin (100-200 mesh, Bio-Rad Laboratories) at a speed of 2 milliliters per minute (mL min-1) (Mellett and Buck 2020). Ni and copper (Cu) standards at various concentrations were prepared from 1000-fold dilutions of atomic absorption standards in 0.024 M HCl (Optima, Fisher).</p>
<p>Labile dissolved Ni (DNi) concentrations were measured in seawater samples using competitive ligand exchange-adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry (CLE-AdCSV) with DMG as the added competitive ligand (van den Berg and Nimmo 1987, Saito et al. 2004, Boiteau et al. 2016). Seawater samples were thawed in the refrigerator overnight and then allowed to reach room temperature before 10 mL aliquots were dispensed into acid-cleaned Teflon vials (Savillex) and amended with 7.5 millimolar (mM) borate-ammonium buffer (pH=8.2, NBS scale, Ellwood and Van den Berg 2000) and 200 micromolar (µM) DMG (Boiteau et al. 2016). Samples were then allowed to equilibrate for at least 12 hours prior to analysis (Boiteau et al. 2016) and analyzed within 24 hours of the DMG addition (van den Berg and Nimmo 1987). Previous work indicated that some natural ligands preferentially bind Cu over Ni (Boiteau et al. 2016). To investigate the specificity of Ni-binding ligands in this study, a duplicate of each seawater sample was equilibrated with Cu prior to the DMG addition. For these Cu replicates, 10 mL seawater sample aliquots were amended with 7.5 mM borate-ammonium buffer and 10 nanomolar (nM) Cu and allowed to equilibrate for 12 hours. After the Cu equilibration period, DMG was added to a concentration of 200 µM, and samples were allowed to equilibrate for an additional 12 hours before analysis.</p>
<p>A BioAnalytical Systems (BASi) controlled growth hanging mercury drop electrode (CGME) was interfaced with an Epsilon 2 (BASi) analyzer for measurement of labile DNi concentrations. At the time of analysis, samples were purged for 5 minutes with high-purity nitrogen gas (N2) to minimize oxygen interference. For each run, a 30-second deposition time at -0.7 volts (V) was followed by a 10-second quiet time, and a linear sweep from -0.7 V to -1.4 V with a scan rate of 10 volts per second (V s-1) was performed (Dupont et al. 2010). A drop size of ten was used with a stirrer speed of 600 rpm. Samples were measured for ambient labile DNi at least three times before Ni standard additions. For each standard addition, 0.5 nM or 1 nM Ni was dispensed into the electrochemical cell, which was subsequently purged for another 30 seconds before the sample was measured again in at least triplicate. Ni additions continued until the resulting peak heights were double those produced by the natural sample.</p>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1829833 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1829833
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1829777 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1829777
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-2310573 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=2310573
completed
Kristen Nicolle Buck
University of South Florida
541-737-7401
2651 SW Orchard Avenue CEOAS
Corvallis
OR
97331
USA
kristen.buck@oregonstate.edu
pointOfContact
Peter N. Sedwick
Old Dominion University
757-683-4936
Ocean, Earth & Atmospheric Sciences 4600 Elkhorn Ave.
Norfolk
VA
23529
USA
psedwick@odu.edu
pointOfContact
Salvatore Caprara
University of South Florida
capraras@oregonstate.edu
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: 1
Unknown
CRUISE
PROJECT_CRUISE
CRUISE_NAME
Station
SAMPLE_ID
ISO_DateTime_UTC
DATE_GMT
GMT
LATITUDE
LONGITUDE
PLATFORM
PRESSURE
DEPTH
Ni_D_CONC
Ni_D_STDEV
Ni_D_FLAG
Ni_DL_CONC
Ni_DL_STDEV
Ni_DL_FLAG
Ni_S_CONC
Ni_S_STDEV
Ni_S_FLAG
BioAnalytical Systems (BASi) controlled growth hanging mercury drop electrode (CGME)
SBE 19 plus, SeaBird Electronics
Niskin-X samplers (General Oceanics)
Elemental Scientific SeaFAST SP3
ICP-MS, Thermo Fisher Scientific ElementXR
theme
None, User defined
Cruise identfier
station
sample identification
ISO_DateTime_UTC
date
time of day
latitude
longitude
instrument
water pressure
depth
Nickel
quality flag
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
BASi Controlled Growth Mercury Electrode
CTD Sea-Bird
Niskin bottle
SeaFAST Automated Preconcentration System
Thermo Scientific ELEMENT XR high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
EN631
AE1909
AE1930
AE1921
service
Deployment Activity
Bermuda Atlantic Time-Series Study region, waters of the western Subtropical North Atlantic Gyre (ca. 30°N-33°N, 62°W-65°W)
Western North Atlantic; Bermuda Atlantic Time-Series Study region, waters of the western Subtropical North Atlantic Gyre (ca. 30°N-33°N, 62°W-65°W)
place
Locations
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
U.S. GEOTRACES
http://www.geotraces.org/
U.S. GEOTRACES
GEOTRACES is a SCOR sponsored program; and funding for program infrastructure development is provided by the U.S. National Science Foundation.
GEOTRACES gained momentum following a special symposium, S02: Biogeochemical cycling of trace elements and isotopes in the ocean and applications to constrain contemporary marine processes (GEOSECS II), at a 2003 Goldschmidt meeting convened in Japan. The GEOSECS II acronym referred to the Geochemical Ocean Section Studies To determine full water column distributions of selected trace elements and isotopes, including their concentration, chemical speciation, and physical form, along a sufficient number of sections in each ocean basin to establish the principal relationships between these distributions and with more traditional hydrographic parameters;
* To evaluate the sources, sinks, and internal cycling of these species and thereby characterize more completely the physical, chemical and biological processes regulating their distributions, and the sensitivity of these processes to global change; and
* To understand the processes that control the concentrations of geochemical species used for proxies of the past environment, both in the water column and in the substrates that reflect the water column.
GEOTRACES will be global in scope, consisting of ocean sections complemented by regional process studies. Sections and process studies will combine fieldwork, laboratory experiments and modelling. Beyond realizing the scientific objectives identified above, a natural outcome of this work will be to build a community of marine scientists who understand the processes regulating trace element cycles sufficiently well to exploit this knowledge reliably in future interdisciplinary studies.
Expand "Projects" below for information about and data resulting from individual US GEOTRACES research projects.
U.S. GEOTRACES
largerWorkCitation
program
NSFGEO-NERC: Collaborative Research: Using Time-series Field Observations to Constrain an Ocean Iron Model
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/822807
NSFGEO-NERC: Collaborative Research: Using Time-series Field Observations to Constrain an Ocean Iron Model
<p><strong><em>NSF and NERC Award Abstract:</em></strong><br />
Iron is an essential nutrient for the growth of phytoplankton in the oceans. As such, iron plays key roles in regulating marine primary production and the cycling of carbon. It is thus important that models of ocean biology and chemistry consider iron, in order to explore past, present and future variations in marine productivity and the role of the ocean in the global carbon cycle. In this joint project involving researchers in the U.S. and the U.K., supported by both NSF and the Natural Environment Research Council (U.K.), field data from the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) region will be combined with an established, state-of-the-art ocean biogeochemical model. By leveraging the known seasonal-scale physical, chemical and biological changes in the BATS region, the oceanographic context provided by the BATS core data, and an existing model of the regional physical circulation, the proposed study will yield process-related information that is of general applicability to the open ocean. In particular, the proposed research will focus on understanding the atmospheric input, biological uptake, regeneration and scavenging removal of dissolved iron in the oceanic water column, which have emerged as major uncertainties in the ocean iron cycle. The project will include significant educational and training contributions at the K-12, undergraduate, graduate and postdoctoral levels, as well as public outreach efforts that aim to explain the research and its importance.</p>
<p>The ability of ocean models to simulate iron remains crude, owing to an insufficient understanding of the mechanisms that drive variability in dissolved iron, particularly the involvement of iron-binding ligands, colloids and particles in the surface input, biological uptake, regeneration and scavenging of dissolved iron in the upper ocean. Basin-scale data produced by the GEOTRACES program provide an important resource for testing and improving models and, by extension, our mechanistic understanding of the ocean iron cycle. However such data provide only quasi-synoptic 'snapshots', which limits their utility in isolating and identifying the processes that control dissolved iron in the upper ocean. The proposed research aims to provide mechanistic insight into these governing processes by combining time-series data from the BATS region with numerical modeling experiments. Specifically, seasonally resolved data on the vertical (upper 2,000 meters) and lateral (tens of kilometers) distributions of particulate, dissolved, colloidal, soluble and ligand-bound iron species will be obtained from the chemical analysis of water column samples collected during five cruises, spanning a full annual cycle, shared with the monthly BATS program cruises. These data, along with ancillary data from the BATS program, will be used to test and inform numerical modeling experiments, and thus derive an improved understanding of the mechanisms that control the distribution and dynamics of dissolved iron in the oceanic water column.</p>
<p>This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.</p>
<p>This is a project jointly funded by the National Science Foundation’s Directorate for Geosciences (NSF/GEO) and the National Environment Research Council (NERC) of the United Kingdom (UK). </p>
BAIT
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
oceans
Bermuda Atlantic Time-Series Study region, waters of the western Subtropical North Atlantic Gyre (ca. 30°N-33°N, 62°W-65°W); Western North Atlantic; Bermuda Atlantic Time-Series Study region, waters of the western Subtropical North Atlantic Gyre (ca. 30°N-33°N, 62°W-65°W)
-64.815
-63.58
31.177
32.151
2019-03-11
2019-11-21
Bermuda Atlantic Time-Series Study region, waters of the western Subtropical North Atlantic Gyre (ca. 30°N-33°N, 62°W-65°W)
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Total dissolved, dissolved labile, and soluble nickel concentrations determined in water column samples collected on the 2019 Bermuda Atlantic Iron Time-series (BAIT) cruises in the Western Subtropical North Atlantic Gyre
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/940388.rdf
Name: CRUISE
Units: unitless
Description: <p>UNOLS cruise ID</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/940389.rdf
Name: PROJECT_CRUISE
Units: unitless
Description: <p>BAIT project cruise number</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/940390.rdf
Name: CRUISE_NAME
Units: unitless
Description: <p>GEOTRACES cruise ID (GApr13) and leg number</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/940391.rdf
Name: Station
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Hydrocast station identifier</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/940392.rdf
Name: SAMPLE_ID
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Unique identifier for each water-column sample</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/940393.rdf
Name: ISO_DateTime_UTC
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Recovery date and time (UTC) in ISO 8601 format</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/940394.rdf
Name: DATE_GMT
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Hydrocast recovery date (GMT)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/940395.rdf
Name: GMT
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Hydrocast recovery time (GMT)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/940396.rdf
Name: LATITUDE
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>Position when sample was collected in decimal degrees North</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/940397.rdf
Name: LONGITUDE
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>Position when sample was collected in decimal degrees East</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/940398.rdf
Name: PLATFORM
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Sampling system used. TMC CTD = trace metal CTD rosette.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/940399.rdf
Name: PRESSURE
Units: decibar (db)
Description: <p>In-situ pressure from CTD</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/940400.rdf
Name: DEPTH
Units: meters (m)
Description: <p>Sample collection depth estimated from pressure</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/940401.rdf
Name: Ni_D_CONC
Units: nanomoles per liter (nM)
Description: <p>Average total dissolved nickel (<0.2 micrometers) concentration in replicate sample analyses. These data have been registered in the GEOTRACES DOoR portal with the following names:<br />
EN631 = Ni_D_CONC_BOTTLE::fpar5o (nmol/kg).<br />
AE1909 = Ni_D_CONC_BOTTLE::8py4r6 (nmol/kg).<br />
AE1921 = Ni_D_CONC_BOTTLE::p5qm4p (nmol/kg).<br />
AE1930 = Ni_D_CONC_BOTTLE::y4bxhp (nmol/kg).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/940402.rdf
Name: Ni_D_STDEV
Units: nanomoles per liter (nM)
Description: <p>Standard deviation of average total dissolved nickel (<0.2 micrometers) concentration in replicate sample analyses</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/940403.rdf
Name: Ni_D_FLAG
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Quality flag for Ni_D_CONC</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/940404.rdf
Name: Ni_DL_CONC
Units: nanomoles per liter (nM)
Description: <p>Average labile dissolved nickel (<0.2 micrometers) concentration in replicate sample analyses</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/940405.rdf
Name: Ni_DL_STDEV
Units: nanomoles per liter (nM)
Description: <p>Standard deviation of average labile dissolved nickel (<0.2 micrometers) concentration in replicate sample analyses</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/940406.rdf
Name: Ni_DL_FLAG
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Quality flag for Ni_DL_CONC</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/940407.rdf
Name: Ni_S_CONC
Units: nanomoles per liter (nM)
Description: <p>Concentration of soluble nickel (<0.02 micrometers)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/940408.rdf
Name: Ni_S_STDEV
Units: nanomoles per liter (nM)
Description: <p>Standard deviation of soluble nickel (<0.02 micrometers) concentration in replicate sample analyses; not used, no replicates.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/940409.rdf
Name: Ni_S_FLAG
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Quality flag for Ni_S_CONC</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
22136
https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/08fc69f9-7bb2-42b3-a7bb-3f31461bc865/content
download
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.940164.1
download
onLine
dataset
<p><strong>Sample Collection:</strong><br />
Trace metal clean techniques were employed to collect seawater samples from the BATS site (31°40′N, 64°10′W) in 2019 on 12 March, 14 May, 19 August, and 19 November aboard the R/V Endeavor (March) and R/V Atlantic Explorer (May-November). A trace metal clean carousel (SeaBird Electronics) with a conductivity-temperature-depth sensor (SBE 19 plus, SeaBird Electronics) was fitted with custom-modified 5-liter (L) Teflon-lined external-closure Niskin-X samplers (General Oceanics) and deployed on an Amsteel non-metallic line for the collection of hydrographic data and water column samples from twelve depths (Sedwick et al. 2023). In August, an additional surface (0.3 meter (m)) sample was collected ~500 m upwind of the ship by deploying a Niskin-X sampler from an inflatable dinghy. All seawater samples collected for dissolved nickel analyses were filtered (0.2-micrometer (µm)) (AcroPak, Pall) into acid-cleaned low-density polyethylene (LDPE; Nalgene) bottles, acidified to pH 1.7 (0.024 molar (M) Q-HCl, Fisher Optima) by addition of 6 M ultrapure hydrochloric acid (Fisher Optima), and stored double bagged in buckets at room temperature. For soluble (&lt;0.02 µm) nickel analyses, 0.2 µm-filtered seawater was passed through a Milli-Q (≥18.2 MΩ cm) and sample-rinsed 0.02 µm Anotop syringe filter (Sigma-Aldrich) using a peristaltic pump and collected in acid-cleaned LDPE bottles (Ussher et al. 2010); soluble nickel samples were also acidified to pH 1.7 and stored at room temperature. Seawater samples collected for dissolved nickel speciation analyses were 0.2 µm-filtered into acid-cleaned and Milli-Q conditioned fluorinated high-density polyethylene (FPE; Nalgene) bottles and stored at -20 degrees Celsius (°C) until analysis.</p>
<p><strong>Total Dissolved and Soluble Ni Concentrations:</strong><br />
Concentrations of total dissolved and soluble nickel (Ni) were determined in the acidified seawater filtrates using inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS, Thermo Fisher Scientific ElementXR), with in-line separation-preconcentration (Elemental Scientific SeaFAST SP3) modified after Lagerström et al. (2013). Calibration standards were prepared in low-analyte concentration filtered seawater for which initial concentrations were determined using the method of standard additions. Calibration standards were introduced using the same in-line separation-preconcentration procedure as the seawater filtrate samples, with yttrium was used as an internal standard for all samples except where indicated. Analytical blank concentrations were assessed by applying the in-line separation-preconcentration procedure including all reagents and loading air in place of the seawater filtrate sample ("air blank").</p>
<p><strong>Labile Dissolved Ni:</strong><br />
A stock solution of dimethylglyoxime (DMG; Acros Organics, 99+%) was made in methanol (Optima, Fisher) to a concentration of 0.1 M (Saito and Moffett 2001). A working solution of DMG was prepared by diluting the 0.1 M stock with methanol to a concentration of 0.01 M. A 1.5 M borate-ammonium buffer (Ellwood and Van den Berg 2000) was prepared by dissolving 18.55 grams (g) boric acid (Aldrich, 99.999% trace metals basis) in 200 milliliters (mL) 0.4 N ammonium hydroxide (Optima, Fisher). The borate-ammonium buffer was purified of trace metal contaminants by passing through two consecutive chromatography columns containing cleaned and preconditioned Chelex® 100 resin (100-200 mesh, Bio-Rad Laboratories) at a speed of 2 milliliters per minute (mL min-1) (Mellett and Buck 2020). Ni and copper (Cu) standards at various concentrations were prepared from 1000-fold dilutions of atomic absorption standards in 0.024 M HCl (Optima, Fisher).</p>
<p>Labile dissolved Ni (DNi) concentrations were measured in seawater samples using competitive ligand exchange-adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry (CLE-AdCSV) with DMG as the added competitive ligand (van den Berg and Nimmo 1987, Saito et al. 2004, Boiteau et al. 2016). Seawater samples were thawed in the refrigerator overnight and then allowed to reach room temperature before 10 mL aliquots were dispensed into acid-cleaned Teflon vials (Savillex) and amended with 7.5 millimolar (mM) borate-ammonium buffer (pH=8.2, NBS scale, Ellwood and Van den Berg 2000) and 200 micromolar (µM) DMG (Boiteau et al. 2016). Samples were then allowed to equilibrate for at least 12 hours prior to analysis (Boiteau et al. 2016) and analyzed within 24 hours of the DMG addition (van den Berg and Nimmo 1987). Previous work indicated that some natural ligands preferentially bind Cu over Ni (Boiteau et al. 2016). To investigate the specificity of Ni-binding ligands in this study, a duplicate of each seawater sample was equilibrated with Cu prior to the DMG addition. For these Cu replicates, 10 mL seawater sample aliquots were amended with 7.5 mM borate-ammonium buffer and 10 nanomolar (nM) Cu and allowed to equilibrate for 12 hours. After the Cu equilibration period, DMG was added to a concentration of 200 µM, and samples were allowed to equilibrate for an additional 12 hours before analysis.</p>
<p>A BioAnalytical Systems (BASi) controlled growth hanging mercury drop electrode (CGME) was interfaced with an Epsilon 2 (BASi) analyzer for measurement of labile DNi concentrations. At the time of analysis, samples were purged for 5 minutes with high-purity nitrogen gas (N2) to minimize oxygen interference. For each run, a 30-second deposition time at -0.7 volts (V) was followed by a 10-second quiet time, and a linear sweep from -0.7 V to -1.4 V with a scan rate of 10 volts per second (V s-1) was performed (Dupont et al. 2010). A drop size of ten was used with a stirrer speed of 600 rpm. Samples were measured for ambient labile DNi at least three times before Ni standard additions. For each standard addition, 0.5 nM or 1 nM Ni was dispensed into the electrochemical cell, which was subsequently purged for another 30 seconds before the sample was measured again in at least triplicate. Ni additions continued until the resulting peak heights were double those produced by the natural sample.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
<p>Voltammograms were imported to ElectroChemistry Data SOFTware (ECDSOFT) for baseline subtraction and measurement of peak heights (Omanovic and Branica 1998). The concentration of labile dissolved Ni in each sample was determined by dividing triplicate initial peak heights by the slope found from linear regression of the dissolved nickel additions and averaging the results of all measurements.</p>
<p><strong>Quality Flags:</strong><br />
Data were flagged using the SeaDataNet quality flag scheme recommended by GEOTRACES (<a href="https://www.geotraces.org/geotraces-quality-flag-policy/" target="_blank">https://www.geotraces.org/geotraces-quality-flag-policy/</a>) and described below. Notes specific to the application of these flags to this dataset are noted in brackets […].</p>
<p>1: Good Value: Good quality data value that is not part of any identified malfunction and has been verified as consistent with real phenomena during the quality control process. [Used for samples with replicate measurements].</p>
<p>2: Probably Good Value: Data value that is probably consistent with real phenomena, but this is unconfirmed or data value forming part of a malfunction that is considered too small to affect the overall quality of the data object of which it is a part. [Used when no replicate measurements were available to check the quality of the data].</p>
<p>3: Probably Bad Value: Data value recognized as unusual during quality control that forms part of a feature that is probably inconsistent with real phenomena. [Not used].</p>
<p>4: Bad Value: An obviously erroneous data value. [Used when a soluble nickel concentration was much greater than the dissolved nickel concentration measured].</p>
<p>5: Changed Value: Data value adjusted during quality control. Best practice strongly recommends that the value before the change be preserved in the data or its accompanying metadata. [Not used].</p>
<p>6: Value Below Detection Limit: The level of the measured phenomenon was less than the limit of detection (LOD) for the method employed to measure it. The accompanying value is the detection limit for the technique or zero if that value is unknown. [Not used].</p>
<p>7: Value in Excess: The level of the measured phenomenon was too large to be quantified by the technique employed to measure it. The accompanying value is the measurement limit for the technique. [Not used].</p>
<p>8: Interpolated Value: This value has been derived by interpolation from other values in the data object. [Not used].</p>
<p>9: Missing Value: The data value is missing. Any accompanying value will be a magic number representing absent data [When sample was not collected the notation ‘na’ for ‘not applicable’ was used; when sample collected but there is no result for this parameter, the notation ‘nda’ for 'no data available' was used].</p>
<p>A: Value Phenomenon Uncertain: There is uncertainty in the description of the measured phenomenon associated with the value such as chemical species or biological entity. [Not used.]</p>
<p><strong>NOTE:</strong> For at least one sample, the soluble nickel concentration measured was significantly higher than the total dissolved nickel concentration measured; flagged with "4: bad value" in the dataset.</p>
<p><strong>GEOTRACES IDP:</strong><br />
The dissolved Nickel parameters have been registered in the GEOTRACES DOoR portal with the following names:<br />
EN631: Ni_D_CONC_BOTTLE::fpar5o (nmol/kg)<br />
AE1909: Ni_D_CONC_BOTTLE::8py4r6 (nmol/kg)<br />
AE1921: Ni_D_CONC_BOTTLE::p5qm4p (nmol/kg)<br />
AE1930: Ni_D_CONC_BOTTLE::y4bxhp (nmol/kg).</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
- Imported original file "Dataset_BAIT_ParenteBuck_NiSpeciation.csv" into the BCO-DMO system.
- Marked "nda", "na", "ND", and "NAN" as missing data values (missing data are empty/blank in the final CSV file).
- Created ISO Date-Time column from original DATE_GMT and GMT fields.
- Split original Cruise_ID column into: CRUISE, PROJECT_CRUISE, and CRUISE_NAME.
- Saved the final file as "940164_v1_2019_bait_dissolved_nickel_speciation.csv".
Specified by BCO-DMO Data Managers
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
BioAnalytical Systems (BASi) controlled growth hanging mercury drop electrode (CGME)
BioAnalytical Systems (BASi) controlled growth hanging mercury drop electrode (CGME)
PI Supplied Instrument Name: BioAnalytical Systems (BASi) controlled growth hanging mercury drop electrode (CGME) PI Supplied Instrument Description:BioAnalytical Systems (BASi) controlled growth hanging mercury drop electrode (CGME) interfaced with an Epsilon 2 analyzer: A BASi CGME was used to measure labile dissolved Ni concentrations. Instrument Name: BASi Controlled Growth Mercury Electrode Instrument Short Name:BASI CGME Instrument Description: Bioanalytical Systems (BASi) Mercury drop electrodes are generated by the BASi Controlled Growth Mercury Electrode (CGME) in three modes:
DME (Dropping Mercury Electrode) - mercury is allowed to flow freely from the reservoir down the capillary and so the growth of the mercury drop and its lifetime is controlled by gravity. (The optional 100 um capillary is recommended for this mode.)
SMDE (Static Mercury Drop Electrode) - the drop size is determined by the length of time for which the fast-response capillary valve is opened, and the drop is dislodged by a drop knocker. The dispense/knock timing is microprocessor-controlled and is typically coordinated with the potential pulse or square-wave waveform. This mode can also used to generate the Hanging Mercury Drop Electrode required for stripping experiments.
CGME (Controlled Growth Mercury Electrode) - the mercury drop is grown by a series of pulses that open the capillary valve. The number of pulses, their duration, and their frequency can be varied by PC control, providing great flexibility in both the drop size and its rate of growth. This CGME mode can be used for both polarographic and stripping experiments.
http://www.basinc.com/products/ec/cgme.php
SBE 19 plus, SeaBird Electronics
SBE 19 plus, SeaBird Electronics
PI Supplied Instrument Name: SBE 19 plus, SeaBird Electronics Instrument Name: CTD Sea-Bird Instrument Short Name:CTD Sea-Bird Instrument Description: A Conductivity, Temperature, Depth (CTD) sensor package from SeaBird Electronics. This instrument designation is used when specific make and model are not known or when a more specific term is not available in the BCO-DMO vocabulary. Refer to the dataset-specific metadata for more information about the specific CTD used. More information from: http://www.seabird.com/ Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/130/
Niskin-X samplers (General Oceanics)
Niskin-X samplers (General Oceanics)
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Niskin-X samplers (General Oceanics) Instrument Name: Niskin bottle Instrument Short Name:Niskin bottle Instrument Description: A Niskin bottle (a next generation water sampler based on the Nansen bottle) is a cylindrical, non-metallic water collection device with stoppers at both ends. The bottles can be attached individually on a hydrowire or deployed in 12, 24, or 36 bottle Rosette systems mounted on a frame and combined with a CTD. Niskin bottles are used to collect discrete water samples for a range of measurements including pigments, nutrients, plankton, etc. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/TOOL0412/
Elemental Scientific SeaFAST SP3
Elemental Scientific SeaFAST SP3
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Elemental Scientific SeaFAST SP3 Instrument Name: SeaFAST Automated Preconcentration System Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: The seaFAST is an automated sample introduction system for analysis of seawater and other high matrix samples for analyses by ICPMS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry).
ICP-MS, Thermo Fisher Scientific ElementXR
ICP-MS, Thermo Fisher Scientific ElementXR
PI Supplied Instrument Name: ICP-MS, Thermo Fisher Scientific ElementXR Instrument Name: Thermo Scientific ELEMENT XR high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer Instrument Short Name:Element XR HR-ICP-MS Instrument Description: A high-resolution (HR) inductively coupled plasma (ICP) mass spectrometer (MS) composed of a dual mode secondary electron multiplier (SEM) and a Faraday detector. The ELEMENT XR instrument has a dynamic range of 5 x 10^7 to 1 x 10^12 counts per second (cps), and allows simultaneous measurement of elements at concentrations over 1000 ug/g.
Cruise: EN631
EN631
R/V Endeavor
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Endeavor
vessel
EN631
Rodney J. Johnson
Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences
https://www.bodc.ac.uk/resources/inventories/cruise_inventory/reports/endeavor_en631.pdf
Report describing EN631
Cruise: AE1909
AE1909
R/V Atlantic Explorer
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Atlantic Explorer
vessel
AE1909
Rodney J. Johnson
Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences
https://www.bodc.ac.uk/resources/inventories/cruise_inventory/reports/atlanticexplorer_ae1909.pdf
Report describing AE1909
Cruise: AE1930
AE1930
R/V Atlantic Explorer
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Atlantic Explorer
vessel
AE1930
Rodney J. Johnson
Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences
https://www.bodc.ac.uk/resources/inventories/cruise_inventory/reports/atlanticexplorer_ae1930.pdf
Report describing AE1930
Cruise: AE1921
AE1921
R/V Atlantic Explorer
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Atlantic Explorer
vessel
AE1921
Rodney J. Johnson
Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences
https://www.bodc.ac.uk/resources/inventories/cruise_inventory/reports/atlanticexplorer_ae1921.pdf
Report describing AE1921
R/V Endeavor
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Endeavor
vessel
R/V Atlantic Explorer
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Atlantic Explorer
vessel