http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/944425
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2024-11-25
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Houston Galveston Bay CO2 Flux from the Hurricane Harvey Texas Lagoons project
2024-11-25
publication
2024-11-25
revision
BCO-DMO Linked Data URI
2024-11-25
creation
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/944425
Xinping Hu
University of Texas - Marine Science Institute
principalInvestigator
Larissa Marie Dias
University of Washington/NOAA PMEL
principalInvestigator
Hui Liu
Texas A&M, Galveston
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Hu, X., Dias, L. M., Liu, H. (2024) Houston Galveston Bay CO2 Flux. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2024-11-25 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/944425 [access date]
Methods and Sampling: <p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Field Sampling</strong></p>
<p>Galveston Bay is a semi-enclosed microtidal estuary located in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico (nwGOM) (Montagna, Palmer, &amp; Pollack, 2013). With an average water depth of 3 m and a surface area covering 1554 km², Galveston Bay is the seventh largest estuary in the U.S. and the second largest estuary on the Texas coast (Bass et al., 2018; Morse, Presley, Taylor, Benoit, Santschi, 1993; Solis &amp; Powell, 1999). Galveston Bay receives freshwater from the Trinity River, San Jacinto River, Clear Creek, and smaller bayous and creeks, with the Trinity River providing 70% of the freshwater entering the Bay (Bass et al., 2018; Solis &amp; Powell, 1999). The Bolivar Peninsula and Galveston Island separate Galveston Bay from the Gulf of Mexico (GOM), with exchange of water between the Bay and the GOM occurring through Bolivar Roads, i.e., the mouth of the Bay (Glass, Rooker, Kraus, &amp; Holt, 2008).</p>
<p>Monthly cruises were conducted between October 2017 and September 2018 on board the R/V Trident. The timing of the study allowed for examination of the factors regulating CO₂ flux over the course of a year following Hurricane Harvey in late August of 2017. Although the study began more than 45 days after Harvey (the residence time of the Bay), salinity recovery of the Bay was likely still ongoing in the inner and middle sections of the Bay (Du &amp; Park, 2019; Du, Park, Dellapenna, &amp; Clay, 2019).</p>
<p>During each monthly survey, a transect was run between five water sampling stations, extending northwest from the Bay mouth (Station 1) opening to the Five Mile Marker on the Houston Ship Channel (Station 5). One offshore cruise in the nwGOM outside Galveston Bay was conducted in October of 2018. Underway pCO₂ measurements were taken along a northwesterly transect extending from stations 1 through 5. A SUPER-CO₂ System equipped with a LI-COR® LI-840A infrared gas analyzer was used to collect both water and air xCO₂ after drying through a Peltier thermoelectric device. The xCO₂ data, after removing residual water vapor (Honkanen et al., 2021), were converted to pCO₂ at sea surface temperature assuming 100% water vapor pressure (Jiang, Cai, Wanninkhof, Wang, &amp; Lu, 2008). Underway seawater was taken from a steel pipe attached to the side of the research vessel, as it did not have a dedicated water intake system, and a diaphragm water pump was used to feed water to the equilibrator. In situ sea surface temperature and salinity were measured with a SeaBird Scientific SBE45® Thermosalinograph mounted parallel to the equilibrator of the SUPER-CO₂ System. Prior to and following each sampling trip, the SUPER-CO₂ System was calibrated using standards of known CO₂ concentrations (273.3, 774.3, and 1468.7 ppm).</p>
<p>To calculate the pCO₂ of seawater and air from measurements, the measured mole fraction of CO₂ in seawater (xCO₂, water) and measured equilibrator barometric pressure and xH₂O were first used to calculate xCO₂ in dry air (xCO₂, air). This xCO₂, air was then converted to pCO₂ of equilibration (pCO₂, eq) using measured temperature of equilibration (Teq) and water vapor pressure of equilibration, which was calculated from salinity and Teq according to methods outlined by Weiss and Price (1980). Next, sea surface temperature (SST) and Teq were used to convert pCO₂, eq to pCO₂, water according to Jiang et al. (2008). For pCO₂, air, xCO₂, air was converted to pCO₂, air using water vapor pressure at SST and salinity, assuming 100% humidity (Weiss &amp; Price, 1980).</p>
<p><strong>Meteorological Data</strong></p>
<p>Three National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) buoys from throughout Galveston Bay (NOAA, 2022) provided six-minute interval averages of continuous wind speed data. The average wind speed for all three buoys during sampling times was calculated and applied to the timing of sampling in Galveston Bay. Prior to calculations, wind speeds were converted to a height of 10 m (u₁₀) using the wind profile power law (Hsu, Meindl, &amp; Gilhousen, 1994):</p>
<p class="rtecenter">u₁/u₂ = (z₁/z₂)^P</p>
<p>In this calculation, u₂ is wind speed at height z₂ = 10 m, u₁ is the collected wind speed data at height z₁, and the exponent P (0.11) around the GOM area is extracted by Hsu et al. (1994).</p>
<p>United States Geological Survey (USGS) stream gages for the Trinity River (gage #08066500) and San Jacinto River, east fork (SJE; gage #08070200) and west fork (SJW; gage #08068000) were used to obtain freshwater discharge (USGS, 2021). These stations were identified as the closest gages to the mouths of the rivers having complete discharge data for the period of study. Discharges of less than or equal to 45 days (residence time of the Bay) prior to flux estimates were utilized (Solis &amp; Powell, 1999). The Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) performs routine water quality monitoring, and TCEQ water sampling stations were used for river endmember values from the San Jacinto (average of west fork station #11243 and east fork station #11238) and Trinity (station #10896) rivers (TCEQ, 2022). River endmember DIC was calculated from TA and pH measurements using K₁ and K₂ constants from Millero (2010), and pH value on the NBS scale. Seasonally weighted averages were calculated by summing the TA or DIC concentration multiplied by daily discharge values for all river measurements of that season and dividing by the sum of all discharge values for all river measurements of that season (using meteorological seasons).</p>
<p><strong>Historical Data</strong></p>
<p>Results from this study were compared to historical data for Galveston Bay obtained from the Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas (SOCAT) database (Bakker et al., 2016), which provided fCO₂, water and xCO₂, air values, along with surface seawater salinity, temperature, and depth, with observations from 2006 and 2010 through 2016, primarily during the month of September. SOCAT transects followed a similar route to our study transect, beginning near station 4 and continuing outward into the GOM, with a side transect through the Galveston Channel, which separates Pelican Island from Galveston Island. fCO₂ values were converted to pCO₂ using the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al., 2022). SOCAT data were analyzed independently from the results of this study. As done before with ship data, SOCAT xCO₂, air was converted to pCO₂, air by accounting for water vapor pressure based on SST and SSS, assuming 100% humidity (Borges et al., 2004).</p>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1760006 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1760006
onGoing
Xinping Hu
University of Texas - Marine Science Institute
361-825-3395
The University of Texas at Austin Department of Marine Science
Austin
TX
USA
xinping.hu@austin.utexas.edu
pointOfContact
Larissa Marie Dias
University of Washington/NOAA PMEL
lmdias@uw.edu
pointOfContact
Hui Liu
Texas A&M, Galveston
409-740-4716
P.O. Box 1675
Galveston
TX
777553
USA
liuh@tamug.edu
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: 1
Unknown
DOY_UTC
Temp
Cond
Sal
ISO_DateTime_UTC
date_yyymmdd
time_hhmmssff
TSG_ID
Source_File
SUPER-CO2 System equipped with a LI-COR LI-840A infrared gas analyzer
theme
None, User defined
year day (Day of Year, or day of year and decimal time)
water temperature at measurement depth
conductivity
salinity
ISO_DateTime_UTC
date_utc
time_utc
sample identification
file_name
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
Gas Analyzer
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
Galveston_Bay_Cruises
service
Deployment Activity
Galveston Bay, an estuary situated along the northwestern Gulf of Mexico
place
Locations
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
RAPID: Capturing the Signature of Hurricane Harvey on Texas Coastal Lagoons
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/783256
RAPID: Capturing the Signature of Hurricane Harvey on Texas Coastal Lagoons
<p><em>NSF Award Abstract:</em><br />
Hurricane Harvey made landfall Friday 25 August 2017 about 30 miles northeast of Corpus Christi, Texas as a Category 4 hurricane with winds up to 130 mph. This is the strongest hurricane to hit the middle Texas coast since Carla in 1961. After the wind storm and storm surge, coastal flooding occurred due to the storm lingering over Texas for four more days, dumping as much as 50 inches of rain near Houston. This will produce one of the largest floods ever to hit the Texas coast, and it is estimated that the flood will be a one in a thousand year event. The Texas coast is characterized by lagoons behind barrier islands, and their ecology and biogeochemistry are strongly influenced by coastal hydrology. Because this coastline is dominated by open water systems and productivity is driven by the amount of freshwater inflow, Hurricane Harvey represents a massive inflow event that will likely cause tremendous changes to the coastal environments. Therefore, questions arise regarding how biogeochemical cycles of carbon, nutrients, and oxygen will be altered, whether massive phytoplankton blooms will occur, whether estuarine species will die when these systems turn into lakes, and how long recovery will take? The investigators are uniquely situated to mount this study not only because of their location, just south of the path of the storm, but most importantly because the lead investigator has conducted sampling of these bays regularly for the past thirty years, providing a tremendous context in which to interpret the new data gathered. The knowledge gained from this study will provide a broader understanding of the effects of similar high intensity rainfall events, which are expected to increase in frequency and/or intensity in the future.</p>
<p>The primary research hypothesis is that: Increased inflows to estuaries will cause increased loads of inorganic and organic matter, which will in turn drive primary production and biological responses, and at the same time significantly enhance respiration of coastal blue carbon. A secondary hypothesis is that: The large change in salinity and dissolved oxygen deficits will kill or stress many estuarine and marine organisms. To test these hypotheses it is necessary to measure the temporal change in key indicators of biogeochemical processes, and biodiversity shifts. Thus, changes to the carbon, nitrogen and oxygen cycles, and the diversity of benthic organisms will be measured and compared to existing baselines. The PIs propose to sample the Lavaca-Colorado, Guadalupe, Nueces, and Laguna Madre estuaries as follows: 1) continuous sampling (via autonomous instruments) of salinity, temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, and depth (i.e. tidal elevation); 2) bi-weekly to monthly sampling for dissolved and total organic carbon and organic nitrogen, carbonate system parameters, nutrients, and phytoplankton community composition; 3) quarterly measurements of sediment characteristics and benthic infauna. The project will support two graduate students. The PIs will communicate results to the public and to state agencies through existing collaborations.</p>
Hurricane Harvey Texas Lagoons
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
oceans
Galveston Bay, an estuary situated along the northwestern Gulf of Mexico
94.5
95.5
29
30
2017-11-01
2018-10-14
Northwest Gulf of Mexico estuaries on Texas Coast
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Houston Galveston Bay CO2 Flux from the Hurricane Harvey Texas Lagoons project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/955235.rdf
Name: DOY_UTC
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Day of year in UTC.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/955236.rdf
Name: Temp
Units: degrees C
Description: <p>Seawater temperature.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/955237.rdf
Name: Cond
Units: S/m
Description: <p>Conductivity.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/955238.rdf
Name: Sal
Units: PSU?
Description: <p>Salinity.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/955239.rdf
Name: ISO_DateTime_UTC
Units: unitless
Description: <p>DateTime in UTC (this DateTime is formed from the date_yyymmdd and time_hhmmssff columns).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/955240.rdf
Name: date_yyymmdd
Units: unitless
Description: <p>UTC Date in yyyymmdd format.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/955241.rdf
Name: time_hhmmssff
Units: unitless
Description: <p>UTC Time in hhmmssff format.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/955242.rdf
Name: TSG_ID
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Identifier for sampling event.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/955243.rdf
Name: Source_File
Units: unitless
Description: <p>File name of original file that was concatonated into this primary BCO-DMO primary data file. The files names are formatted as such: "TSG_galveston_MMDDYYYY_TSG_mmddhhhh.txt", where MMDDYYYY is the month, date, and year of sample collection, and mmddhhhh is the month, date, and hour of data processing in local time.</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/dataset/944425/data/download
download
onLine
dataset
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Field Sampling</strong></p>
<p>Galveston Bay is a semi-enclosed microtidal estuary located in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico (nwGOM) (Montagna, Palmer, &amp; Pollack, 2013). With an average water depth of 3 m and a surface area covering 1554 km², Galveston Bay is the seventh largest estuary in the U.S. and the second largest estuary on the Texas coast (Bass et al., 2018; Morse, Presley, Taylor, Benoit, Santschi, 1993; Solis &amp; Powell, 1999). Galveston Bay receives freshwater from the Trinity River, San Jacinto River, Clear Creek, and smaller bayous and creeks, with the Trinity River providing 70% of the freshwater entering the Bay (Bass et al., 2018; Solis &amp; Powell, 1999). The Bolivar Peninsula and Galveston Island separate Galveston Bay from the Gulf of Mexico (GOM), with exchange of water between the Bay and the GOM occurring through Bolivar Roads, i.e., the mouth of the Bay (Glass, Rooker, Kraus, &amp; Holt, 2008).</p>
<p>Monthly cruises were conducted between October 2017 and September 2018 on board the R/V Trident. The timing of the study allowed for examination of the factors regulating CO₂ flux over the course of a year following Hurricane Harvey in late August of 2017. Although the study began more than 45 days after Harvey (the residence time of the Bay), salinity recovery of the Bay was likely still ongoing in the inner and middle sections of the Bay (Du &amp; Park, 2019; Du, Park, Dellapenna, &amp; Clay, 2019).</p>
<p>During each monthly survey, a transect was run between five water sampling stations, extending northwest from the Bay mouth (Station 1) opening to the Five Mile Marker on the Houston Ship Channel (Station 5). One offshore cruise in the nwGOM outside Galveston Bay was conducted in October of 2018. Underway pCO₂ measurements were taken along a northwesterly transect extending from stations 1 through 5. A SUPER-CO₂ System equipped with a LI-COR® LI-840A infrared gas analyzer was used to collect both water and air xCO₂ after drying through a Peltier thermoelectric device. The xCO₂ data, after removing residual water vapor (Honkanen et al., 2021), were converted to pCO₂ at sea surface temperature assuming 100% water vapor pressure (Jiang, Cai, Wanninkhof, Wang, &amp; Lu, 2008). Underway seawater was taken from a steel pipe attached to the side of the research vessel, as it did not have a dedicated water intake system, and a diaphragm water pump was used to feed water to the equilibrator. In situ sea surface temperature and salinity were measured with a SeaBird Scientific SBE45® Thermosalinograph mounted parallel to the equilibrator of the SUPER-CO₂ System. Prior to and following each sampling trip, the SUPER-CO₂ System was calibrated using standards of known CO₂ concentrations (273.3, 774.3, and 1468.7 ppm).</p>
<p>To calculate the pCO₂ of seawater and air from measurements, the measured mole fraction of CO₂ in seawater (xCO₂, water) and measured equilibrator barometric pressure and xH₂O were first used to calculate xCO₂ in dry air (xCO₂, air). This xCO₂, air was then converted to pCO₂ of equilibration (pCO₂, eq) using measured temperature of equilibration (Teq) and water vapor pressure of equilibration, which was calculated from salinity and Teq according to methods outlined by Weiss and Price (1980). Next, sea surface temperature (SST) and Teq were used to convert pCO₂, eq to pCO₂, water according to Jiang et al. (2008). For pCO₂, air, xCO₂, air was converted to pCO₂, air using water vapor pressure at SST and salinity, assuming 100% humidity (Weiss &amp; Price, 1980).</p>
<p><strong>Meteorological Data</strong></p>
<p>Three National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) buoys from throughout Galveston Bay (NOAA, 2022) provided six-minute interval averages of continuous wind speed data. The average wind speed for all three buoys during sampling times was calculated and applied to the timing of sampling in Galveston Bay. Prior to calculations, wind speeds were converted to a height of 10 m (u₁₀) using the wind profile power law (Hsu, Meindl, &amp; Gilhousen, 1994):</p>
<p class="rtecenter">u₁/u₂ = (z₁/z₂)^P</p>
<p>In this calculation, u₂ is wind speed at height z₂ = 10 m, u₁ is the collected wind speed data at height z₁, and the exponent P (0.11) around the GOM area is extracted by Hsu et al. (1994).</p>
<p>United States Geological Survey (USGS) stream gages for the Trinity River (gage #08066500) and San Jacinto River, east fork (SJE; gage #08070200) and west fork (SJW; gage #08068000) were used to obtain freshwater discharge (USGS, 2021). These stations were identified as the closest gages to the mouths of the rivers having complete discharge data for the period of study. Discharges of less than or equal to 45 days (residence time of the Bay) prior to flux estimates were utilized (Solis &amp; Powell, 1999). The Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) performs routine water quality monitoring, and TCEQ water sampling stations were used for river endmember values from the San Jacinto (average of west fork station #11243 and east fork station #11238) and Trinity (station #10896) rivers (TCEQ, 2022). River endmember DIC was calculated from TA and pH measurements using K₁ and K₂ constants from Millero (2010), and pH value on the NBS scale. Seasonally weighted averages were calculated by summing the TA or DIC concentration multiplied by daily discharge values for all river measurements of that season and dividing by the sum of all discharge values for all river measurements of that season (using meteorological seasons).</p>
<p><strong>Historical Data</strong></p>
<p>Results from this study were compared to historical data for Galveston Bay obtained from the Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas (SOCAT) database (Bakker et al., 2016), which provided fCO₂, water and xCO₂, air values, along with surface seawater salinity, temperature, and depth, with observations from 2006 and 2010 through 2016, primarily during the month of September. SOCAT transects followed a similar route to our study transect, beginning near station 4 and continuing outward into the GOM, with a side transect through the Galveston Channel, which separates Pelican Island from Galveston Island. fCO₂ values were converted to pCO₂ using the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al., 2022). SOCAT data were analyzed independently from the results of this study. As done before with ship data, SOCAT xCO₂, air was converted to pCO₂, air by accounting for water vapor pressure based on SST and SSS, assuming 100% humidity (Borges et al., 2004).</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
<p><strong>Air-water CO2 flux calculation</strong></p>
<p>Air-water CO2 flux calculation is performed using the following equation:</p>
<p>F=kK0(pCO2,water−pCO2,air)(3)F = k K_0 (pCO_{2,water} - pCO_{2,air}) \tag{3}F=kK0(pCO2,water−pCO2,air)(3)</p>
<p>where:</p>
<ul>
<li>FFF is the air-water CO2 flux,</li>
<li>kkk (m d⁻¹) is the gas transfer velocity, calculated from wind speed,</li>
<li>K0K_0K0 (mol m⁻³ atm⁻¹) is the gas solubility at measured in situ temperature and salinity (Weiss, 1974),</li>
<li>pCO2,waterpCO_{2,water}pCO2,water and pCO2,airpCO_{2,air}pCO2,air are the partial pressures of CO₂ in water and air, respectively.</li>
</ul>
<p>The gas transfer velocity kkk is determined using the equation from Jiang et al. (2008):</p>
<p>k=(0.314×u102−0.436×u10+3.990)×(ScSST600)−0.5(4)k = (0.314 \times u_{10}^2 - 0.436 \times u_{10} + 3.990) \times \left( \frac{ScSST}{600} \right)^{-0.5} \tag{4}k=(0.314×u102−0.436×u10+3.990)×(600ScSST)−0.5(4)</p>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li>u10u_{10}u10 is the wind speed at 10 m above the water surface (m s⁻¹),</li>
<li>ScSSTScSSTScSST is the Schmidt number of CO₂ at the in situ temperature of seawater (Wanninkhof, 1992).</li>
</ul>
<p>Seasonal values are determined by averaging monthly CO2 flux estimates by season (fall, winter, spring, summer). Additionally, missing values for atmospheric pCO₂ are estimated using linear interpolation.</p>
<p>Thermally-adjusted water pCO₂ is calculated using an equation from Takahashi (2002) to account for temperature effects:</p>
<p>pCO2,waterthermally&nbsp;adjusted=(Eq.&nbsp;1&nbsp;from&nbsp;Takahashi)(1)pCO_{2,water_{thermally\ adjusted}} = \text{(Eq. 1 from Takahashi)} \tag{1}pCO2,waterthermally&nbsp;adjusted=(Eq.&nbsp;1&nbsp;from&nbsp;Takahashi)(1)</p>
<p><strong>Statistical analyses</strong></p>
<p>Pearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the influence of wind speed and direction on pCO₂, air. Variables with a Pearson’s correlation p-value &lt; 0.05 and an absolute correlation coefficient &gt; 0.7 were considered significantly correlated with pCO₂, air.</p>
<p>Since data were non-normal and variances were non-homogeneous, Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric ANOVA tests were used to compare parameters such as DIC, TA, pH, and ΩAr between seasons and stations. Dunn tests were further used to test for pairwise differences (Ruxton &amp; Beauchamp, 2008).</p>
<p>Multiple Linear Regression models were applied to assess biogeochemical influences on pCO₂. The final model included predictor variables such as DIC, TA, ΩAr, and pHT, after excluding salinity difference and SST.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
SUPER-CO2 System equipped with a LI-COR LI-840A infrared gas analyzer
SUPER-CO2 System equipped with a LI-COR LI-840A infrared gas analyzer
PI Supplied Instrument Name: SUPER-CO2 System equipped with a LI-COR LI-840A infrared gas analyzer PI Supplied Instrument Description:A SUPER-CO2 System equipped with a LI-COR LI-840A infrared gas analyzer was used to analyze both water and air xCO2 after drying through a Peltier thermoelectric device. Instrument Name: Gas Analyzer Instrument Short Name:Gas Analyzer Instrument Description: Gas Analyzers - Instruments for determining the qualitative and quantitative composition of gas mixtures.
Cruise: Galveston_Bay_Cruises
Galveston_Bay_Cruises
R/V Trident
R/V Trident
vessel
Galveston_Bay_Cruises
Xinping Hu
University of Texas - Marine Science Institute
R/V Trident
R/V Trident
vessel