http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/945981
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2024-12-13
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Turbulence microstructure profiles collected during R/V Hugh R. Sharp cruise HRS2204 from Apr to May 2022
2025-02-27
publication
2025-02-27
revision
Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA)
2025-02-27
publication
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.945981.1
Matthew Rau
Pennsylvania State University
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Rau, M. (2025) Turbulence microstructure profiles collected during R/V Hugh R. Sharp cruise HRS2204 from Apr to May 2022. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2025-02-27 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.945981.1 [access date]
Turbulence microstructure profiles HRS2204 Dataset Description: Methods and Sampling: <p>This cruise visited eight stations on the Northeastern U.S. Continental Shelf. Latitudes and Longitudes provided per sample in the data, but general station descriptions&nbsp;are below. Turbulence microstructure profiles were only obtained at stations deep enough for free-fall profiling. These stations included Station 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8.</p>
<ul>
<li>Station 1 - Station 3: Georges Bank near the Gulf of Maine. Approximate location was 41.7 N, 68 W. Samples acquired from 0 m to 25 m&nbsp;depths.</li>
<li>Station 4: The Great South Channel near the Gulf of Maine. Approximate location was 41.6 N, 69 W. Samples acquired from 0 m to 150 m&nbsp;depths.</li>
<li>Station 5: Only one CTD profile was taken before this station was aborted due to weather. No data acquired. Station location was 40.8 N, 70.5 W.</li>
<li>Station 6: Off the coast of Martha's Vineyard. Approximate location was 41.3 N, 70.5 W. Samples acquired from 0 m to 10 m&nbsp;depths.</li>
<li>Station 7: At the mouth of the Sakonnet River near Newport, Rhode Island. Approximate location was 41.5 N, 71.2 W. Samples acquired from 0 m to 10 m&nbsp;depths.</li>
<li>Station 8: Hudson Canyon near New York. Approximate location was 39.5 N, 72.3 W. Samples acquired from 0 m to 200 m depths.</li>
</ul>
<p>Turbulence dissipation rate profiles were obtained following standard deployment techniques for the Rockland Scientific VMP-250 instrument. This instrument free-falls through the water column and measures shear spectra from piezo-electric probes. The instrument was deployed attached to a PID-02 free-fall winch and slightly negatively-buoyant tether to eliminate the influence of tether drag. Two shear probes (calibrated by Rockland within 2 months of deployment) were installed on the instrument along with one temperature microstructure sensor. For deployment, the instrument was lowered into the water and held at the surface prior to release. The instrument was allowed to free-fall until close to bottom before bringing it back to the surface. the tether was manually fed out of the free-fall winch during the profile and one loop was maintained on the water surface to minimize tether drag on the instrument. Three profiles at each deployment were obtained prior to instrument recovery.</p>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1948283 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1948283
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1948685 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1948685
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-2326735 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=2326735
completed
Matthew Rau
Pennsylvania State University
matthew.rau@gwu.edu
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: 1
Unknown
Deployment_ID
Station
Station_Deployment
Station_Deployment_Profile
Cruise_Deployment
ISO_DateTime_UTC
Latitude
Longitude
t_rel
p
T
e
VMP-250
theme
None, User defined
sample identification
station
cast
ISO_DateTime_UTC
latitude
longitude
time begin
water pressure
water temperature at measurement depth
eps
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
Turbulence Profiler
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
HRS2204
service
Deployment Activity
Northeastern U.S. Continental Shelf
place
Locations
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
Collaborative Research: The importance of particle disaggregation on biogeochemical flux predictions
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/875305
Collaborative Research: The importance of particle disaggregation on biogeochemical flux predictions
<p>NSF abstract:</p>
<p>Particle settling is one of the major ways that material in surface waters reaches the deep ocean. Particulate matter in the open ocean consists primarily of organic material from plankton and other biological detritus, which can readily aggregate to form large flocs. A combination of physical, chemical, and biological processes transforms these flocs as they settle, redistributing material throughout the water column and potentially sequestering elements such as carbon in the deep ocean. The impact of these transformations is affected by the sinking speed of these flocs, with larger and denser particles settling faster than smaller, less-dense ones. One of the key questions facing oceanographers today is what controls particle settling speed (for example, particle size, shape, and density). There is considerable evidence that particles readily break apart as they settle, decreasing their average size and settling speed, but it is not yet understood what conditions cause these disaggregation events. This work will measure the breakup characteristics of organic settling particles both in the laboratory and at sea to quantify the importance of these breakup processes relative to particle transport. The work will be done at the Pennsylvania State University in collaboration with the University of Georgia to target the development of future marine particle disaggregation models for use by the oceanographic community.</p>
<p>This research will play an important role in determining the importance of disaggregation on the vertical transport of particulate matter in the ocean. The project will quantify the breakup of organic marine aggregates due to fluid forces caused by turbulence or swimming organisms. Phytoplankton will be cultured and formed into aggregates in the lab prior to disaggregation using calibrated turbulence. The size, shape, and structure of these aggregates before and after breakup will be quantified using high-speed visualization and holographic imaging. In addition to the laboratory measurements, a deployable instrument that can disrupt particles in-situ and measure their size and shape will be built and deployed in the North Atlantic during the spring bloom of phytoplankton. Detailed measurements of particle concentrations, breakup characteristics, organic content, and ambient turbulence as a function of depth in the water column will be collected. This work will represent the first study of marine aggregate breakup in-situ. Specifically, the project will clarify: (1) under what conditions disaggregation is important, (2) how strong different types of natural marine aggregates are and how their strength varies with size, composition, and morphology, and (3) how aggregate size, composition, and structure influences the distribution of its breakup mass. This project will advance the career of a doctoral student and engage numerous undergraduate researchers with the field of ocean science.</p>
<p>This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.</p>
<p> </p>
<p><u><strong>Additional Project Output (supplement to Data Collections section below):</strong></u></p>
<p><u>Model Code Description: </u></p>
<p>Adrian Burd's Research Lab. (2023). BurdLab/Dissaggregation: Disaggregation (Disaggregation). Zenodo. <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8226166">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8226166</a></p>
<p><span style="font-size:12px"><span style="font-family:roboto,sans-serif">Associated Github Repository: </span></span><a href="https://github.com/BurdLab/Dissaggregation/tree/Disaggregation" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(66, 139, 202); text-decoration-line: none;">https://github.com/BurdLab/Dissaggregation/tree/Disaggregation</a> </p>
<p>This is the initial release of model code for particle aggregation and disaggregation in the ocean. The referenced Github Repository contains Matlab code to calculate the evolution of the particle size distribution in a single layer of the water column. The code numerically solves the aggregation-disaggregation mass balance equations using a so-called sectional approach developed by Gelbard and Seinfeld (J. Colloid and Interface Sci., 68:363-382, 1979). The model allows for particle aggregation, disaggregation, and sinking, and also changes in aggregate size from cell growth (see SetUpCoag.m), and will form the basis of a suite of particle aggrgation/disaggregation models. All documentation is provided within the code itself. Please see Associated Github Repository link above for detailed description and files. </p>
Disaggregation
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
oceans
Northeastern U.S. Continental Shelf
-72.266
-67.399
39.457
41.764
2022-04-23
2022-05-01
Northeast United States Continental Shelf
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Turbulence microstructure profiles collected during R/V Hugh R. Sharp cruise HRS2204 from Apr to May 2022
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/946220.rdf
Name: Deployment_ID
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Identifier of the Vertical Turbulence Profiler cast, formatted as Station#_deployment#, where deployment is incremented per station</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/946221.rdf
Name: Station
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Station number</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/946222.rdf
Name: Station_Deployment
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Turbulence deployment number for station</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/946223.rdf
Name: Station_Deployment_Profile
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Profile number for each Vertical Turbulence Profiler deployment (1, 2, 3); VMP-250 completes three profiles per cast</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/946224.rdf
Name: Cruise_Deployment
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Turbulence deployment id where deployment number is incremented for whole cruise</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/946225.rdf
Name: ISO_DateTime_UTC
Units: unitless
Description: <p>ISO datetime when the sample was acquired in UTC</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/946228.rdf
Name: Latitude
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>Ship's latitude when the sample was taken, N is positive</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/946229.rdf
Name: Longitude
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>Ship's longitude when the sample was taken, W is negative</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/946230.rdf
Name: t_rel
Units: seconds
Description: <p>Time in seconds since the instrument was turned on</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/946231.rdf
Name: p
Units: dbar
Description: <p>Pressure in dbar</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/946232.rdf
Name: T
Units: degrees Celsius
Description: <p>Temperature in deg Celsius as measured by the instrument conductivity-temperature sensor</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/946233.rdf
Name: e
Units: watts per kilogram (W/kg)
Description: <p>Dissipation rate of turbulence kinetic energy in watts/kilogram</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
217806
https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/d78ff009-802b-4c97-9b5f-0e100e80bc55/content
download
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.945981.1
download
onLine
dataset
<p>This cruise visited eight stations on the Northeastern U.S. Continental Shelf. Latitudes and Longitudes provided per sample in the data, but general station descriptions&nbsp;are below. Turbulence microstructure profiles were only obtained at stations deep enough for free-fall profiling. These stations included Station 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8.</p>
<ul>
<li>Station 1 - Station 3: Georges Bank near the Gulf of Maine. Approximate location was 41.7 N, 68 W. Samples acquired from 0 m to 25 m&nbsp;depths.</li>
<li>Station 4: The Great South Channel near the Gulf of Maine. Approximate location was 41.6 N, 69 W. Samples acquired from 0 m to 150 m&nbsp;depths.</li>
<li>Station 5: Only one CTD profile was taken before this station was aborted due to weather. No data acquired. Station location was 40.8 N, 70.5 W.</li>
<li>Station 6: Off the coast of Martha's Vineyard. Approximate location was 41.3 N, 70.5 W. Samples acquired from 0 m to 10 m&nbsp;depths.</li>
<li>Station 7: At the mouth of the Sakonnet River near Newport, Rhode Island. Approximate location was 41.5 N, 71.2 W. Samples acquired from 0 m to 10 m&nbsp;depths.</li>
<li>Station 8: Hudson Canyon near New York. Approximate location was 39.5 N, 72.3 W. Samples acquired from 0 m to 200 m depths.</li>
</ul>
<p>Turbulence dissipation rate profiles were obtained following standard deployment techniques for the Rockland Scientific VMP-250 instrument. This instrument free-falls through the water column and measures shear spectra from piezo-electric probes. The instrument was deployed attached to a PID-02 free-fall winch and slightly negatively-buoyant tether to eliminate the influence of tether drag. Two shear probes (calibrated by Rockland within 2 months of deployment) were installed on the instrument along with one temperature microstructure sensor. For deployment, the instrument was lowered into the water and held at the surface prior to release. The instrument was allowed to free-fall until close to bottom before bringing it back to the surface. the tether was manually fed out of the free-fall winch during the profile and one loop was maintained on the water surface to minimize tether drag on the instrument. Three profiles at each deployment were obtained prior to instrument recovery.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
<p>Shear profile data were processed using Rockland Scientific's Odas v4.4 Matlab library following the steps detailed in the manufacturer's TN_039_Dat_Processing_Manual_odas_v4.4d.pdf technical note. The odas library was used to convert high-frequency shear measurements from the profiler into shear spectra, to which a Nasmyth spectrum was fit to estimate dissipation rate. Data were processed using default settings except for the following:</p>
<ul>
<li>Stations 1, 2, and 3: Dissipation rate was strong at these stations on Georges Bank with mean values approximately 10E-6 W/kg. Based on this dissipation rate and an instrument profiling speed of 0.7 m/s , the fft_length parameter was set to 0.714 s. The diss_legnth parameter to 2.142 s (3X the fft_length) and the overlap parameter set to 1.071. Finally, the ship wake was observed in the raw shear data to impact the upper 8 m of data so the min_profile_P parameter was set to 8 dbar.</li>
<li>Stations 4 and 8: Dissipation rate was weaker at these deep stations with mean values approximately 10E-9 W/kg. Based on this dissipation rate and an instrument profiling speed of 0.8 m/s , the fft_length parameter was set to 1.666 s. The diss_legnth parameter to 4.998 s (3X the fft_length) and the overlap parameter set to 2.499. Finally, the ship wake was observed in the raw shear data to impact the upper 8 m of data so the min_profile_P parameter was set to 8 dbar.</li>
</ul>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
- Opened copy of "HRS22-04_TurbDissipation_long.xlsx" in Excel and reformatted the 'e' value to have a 4 digit (3 decimal) precision for the scientific notation and saved new copy as "HRS22-04_TurbDissipation_long_dm_edit.xlsx" as this is the precision requested by the submitter
- Imported "HRS22-04_TurbDissipation_long.xlsx" and "HRS22-04_TurbDissipation_long_dm_edit.xlsx" into the BCO-DMO system
- Joined files on time and 't_rel', bringing in only the reformatted field of the edited file to the original submitted file
- Removed original column for 'e'
- Combine the date and time fields to create an ISO formatted UTC field
- Removed original time and date fields
- Rounded 't_rel' and 'p' to 4 digits and 'T' to 3 digits
- Split ID column, creating 'st' and 'station_deployment'
- Renamed fields to comply with BCO-DMO naming practices and to differentiate the identifiers
- Exported file as "945981_v1_turbulence_microstructure_profiles.csv"
Specified by BCO-DMO Data Managers
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
VMP-250
VMP-250
PI Supplied Instrument Name: VMP-250 PI Supplied Instrument Description:The turbulence microstructure profile used was the VMP-250 produced by Rockland Scientific, which was deployed using the free-fall PID-02 winch (AGO Environmental Electronics Ltd) and 6 mm, Dyneema core tether with a specific gravity of 1.38 g/cc. Instrument Name: Turbulence Profiler Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: A free-fall instrument that directly measures the vertical distribution of turbulent flow velocity in the water column.
Cruise: HRS2204
HRS2204
R/V Hugh R. Sharp
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Hugh R. Sharp
vessel
HRS2204
Matthew Rau
Pennsylvania State University
R/V Hugh R. Sharp
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Hugh R. Sharp
vessel