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            <gco:CharacterString>Cite this dataset as: Hiebert, T. C., Aasjord, A. E., Chourrout, D. M., Thompson, A. W., Sutherland, K. R. (2025) Microsphere counts from incubation chambers of Oikopleura dioica prior to and following feeding incubations for experiment with artificial microspheres with two functionalized surfaces in three sizes. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2025-03-18 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.956298.1 [access date]</gco:CharacterString>
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        <gco:CharacterString>Microsphere counts from incubation chambers of Oikopleura dioica Dataset Description:  Methods and Sampling: &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Experiments with 5-day old &amp;lt;em&amp;gt;O. dioica&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt; were conducted at the Michael Sars Centre in Bergen, Norway in October 2022 and 2023. Individual animals (15-24 replicates) were removed from their culture chamber, probed to abandon their house, and placed in a staging beaker containing 0.22 µm filtered seawater (FSW) to build fresh houses. Up to 12 actively pumping animals were then transferred from the staging beaker to an incubation chamber. Feeding incubations were carried out in a 12˚C water table with a motorized stir paddle to maintain suspension for 10 minutes. Following the 10-minute incubation, 3-8 animals were individually pipetted into watch glasses and probed to abandon houses so that the appendicularian and house could be preserved separately. Appendicularians were fixed by pipetting animal in 1 mL FSW into a 1.8 mL cryovial with 5 µl 25% microscopy grade glutaraldehyde (0.125% final concentration) to stop digestion. Houses were pipetted into cryovials in a volume of 100 µl without fixative.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Laboratory feeding incubations were carried out on two occasions with two experimental designs. One with all particle sizes (1.0 and 2.0 µm) available in equal concentration to appendicularians. The other with particle sizes (0.5, 1.0 and 3.0 µm) simulated environmental conditions with smaller particles available in higher concentration. For each particle size, two different microsphere types were used with different functionalized surfaces (carboxylate- and amine-modified).&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;</gco:CharacterString>
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Marine microorganisms are among the most abundant life forms on the planet, playing a key role in ocean nutrient cycling. Though predation on these microorganisms is critical to nutrient cycling, little is known about their interactions with predators - specifically the direct interaction between microorganism cell surfaces and predator capture surfaces. This project examines how cell surfaces may influence the predation of marine microorganisms. Cell surface modification is a recognized strategy for predator avoidance among terrestrial microorganisms, but its application in the ocean is largely unexplored. By examining microbial prey with varying surface characteristics and predators with a range of feeding strategies, this research is providing foundational knowledge for future ocean food web models. This project engages public audiences through exhibits and workshops at museums (e.g., Oregon Museum of Science and Industry) and coastal aquariums with a focus on predator-prey interactions in the ocean from small microbial prey to larger predators. A large-scale art installment emphasizes these food web interactions. These 'Eco Murals' focus on ocean ecosystems and involve participation from community members, especially underrepresented minorities. This project is training the next generation of scientists by involving graduate and undergraduate students in research, professional development, and scientific communication. This research includes independent graduate student research as well as capstone projects in Bioinformatics and Genomics. Undergraduate students participate in this research following the previously successful NSF REU Exploration of Marine Biology on the Oregon Coast model. Finally, by leveraging initiatives aimed at promoting the persistence of historically underrepresented and underserved populations in STEM fields, this project recruits, supports, and retains female, first-generation, and underrepresented minority students.&lt;/p&gt;
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