http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/957607 eng; USA utf8 dataset Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact 2025-04-01 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Dissolved trace metal concentrations, nickel speciation, and pH in shipboard incubations conducted on FeOA project cruise SKQ202209S on the R/V Sikuliaq between June 4 2022 to July 1 2022 in the NE Pacific. 2025-07-09 publication 2025-07-09 revision Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA) 2025-07-09 publication https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.957607.1 Kristen Nicolle Buck University of South Florida principalInvestigator Mark L. Wells University of Maine principalInvestigator William P. Cochlan San Francisco State University principalInvestigator Yoshiko Kondo Nagasaki University principalInvestigator Shigenobu Takeda Nagasaki University principalInvestigator Charles Trick University of Western Ontario principalInvestigator Salvatore Caprara University of South Florida principalInvestigator Léo Mahieu Oregon State University principalInvestigator Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. publisher Cite this dataset as: Buck, K. N., Kondo, Y., Koteskey, M., Seto, D., Takeda, S., Caprara, S., Mahieu, L., Cochlan, W. P., Trick, C., Wells, M. L. (2025) Dissolved trace metal concentrations, nickel speciation, and pH in shipboard incubations conducted on FeOA project cruise SKQ202209S on the R/V Sikuliaq between June 4 2022 to July 1 2022 in the NE Pacific. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2025-07-09 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.957607.1 [access date] FeOA incubation TMs and pH Dataset Description: Methods and Sampling: &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Incubation Setup:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Surface water was collected for shipboard incubations in June 2022 aboard the R/V Sikuliaq using a trace metal clean surface pump “towfish” system (Mellett and Buck, 2020). Filtered (&amp;lt;0.2 µm, Acropak) seawater from the towfish was homogenized in three acid-cleaned and seawater rinsed 50-L carboys that were filled round-robin style (Burns et al., 2023). Each carboy was then bubbled overnight with a custom CO2-air mixture to achieve the target pH levels of pH 8.1, 7.6, and 7.1, which was verified with shipboard spectrophotometric pH analyses using the Byrne MICA system (Adornato et al., 2016). Unfiltered surface seawater was then collected and homogenized in a fourth acid-cleaned and seawater-rinsed carboy using the trace metal clean towfish. Trace metal clean polycarbonate incubation bottles were then filled two-thirds with filtered seawater and one-third unfiltered seawater, amended for the nutrient and/or iron treatment, sealed with the caps/threads wrapped in parafilm and electrical tape, and delivered to deckboard flow-through seawater incubators that were covered in screening to mimic surface light levels. Once all incubation bottles were in the incubators, the time-zero sampling of each incubation began. Six incubations were conducted, two each at a coastal upwelling station (Inc 1, 2; 40.112 ºN, 125.56 ºW), in the oligotrophic central North Pacific (Inc 3, 4; 35 ºN, 145 ºW), and at Ocean Station PAPA (Inc 5, 6; 50 ºN, 145 ºW) in the subarctic North Pacific. For incubations 1-4, all incubation bottles were spiked with chelexed stocks of nitrate and phosphate, and aged (for trace metal cleanliness) silicic acid stocks, to target additions of 10 µM nitrate, silicic acid, and 0.8 µM phosphate; no macronutrients were added to Incs 5 and 6, which were already macronutrient replete. Replicates of pH treatment were additionally spiked with 1 nM&amp;nbsp;&lt;sup&gt;57&lt;/sup&gt;FeCl&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&amp;nbsp;as a dissolved iron addition. Incubation bottles were labeled according to treatment and were the same across light bottles all incubations: A = pH 8.1, B = pH 8.1 + Fe, C = pH 7.6, D = pH 7.6 + Fe, E = pH 7.1, F = pH 7.1 + Fe. Replicates of each treatment were also incubated in heavy duty black contractor bags to serve as dark controls (G = A, H = B, I = C, J = D, K = E, L = F), which were sampled on day final only.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Incubation sampling:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Triplicate bottles from each incubation were sampled daily over the course of the experiments. Incubation bottles were brought in from the incubators into a clean lab bubble in the ship, where they were washed down with Milli-Q and transferred into a clean hood. After gently inverting to mix, each was subsampled for pH, chlorophyll&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;, and particulate organic nutrients. The remaining contents of each bottle were filtered in the bubble clean hood on a custom acrylic filtration rig outfitted with dual stage Teflon filtration holders (Savillex) that allows the filtrate to go directly into sample bottles after passing through consecutive 5 µm and 0.4 µm acid-cleaned polycarbonate track-etched (PCTE; Whatman) filters. Samples for dissolved trace metals were collected in acid-cleaned and triple-rinsed narrow mouth low density polyethylene bottles, acidified with 0.024 M ultrapure hydrochloric acid (to pH ~1.8), and stored for shore-based analysis at the University of Nagasaki (Yoshiko Kondo). Samples for dissolved iron and nickel speciation were collected in acid-cleaned, Milli-Q-conditioned, and triple-rinsed narrow mouth fluorinated high density polyethylene bottles (Nalgene) and analyzed shipboard for dissolved iron speciation (Lise Artigue, Kristen Buck lab) before freezing at -20 ºC for shore-based dissolved nickel speciation analyses at Oregon State University (Matthew Koteskey, Kristen Buck lab). Samples for pH were analyzed shipboard (Drajed Seto, Mark Wells lab).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sample analyses – dissolved trace metals:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;The concentrations of dissolved iron, manganese, nickel, zinc, and copper were analyzed by high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (Thermo Scientific ELEMENT II) with a preconcentration flow injection system seaFAST-pico (Elemental Scientific Inc., ESI) at Nagasaki University (Yoshiko Kondo and Shigenobu Takeda). Acidified samples were measured without UV-oxidation, and dissolved copper concentrations should be considered ‘reactive Cu’ as total recovery may have been hindered by organic complexation in these samples. Briefly, dissolved trace metals in the samples were preconcentrated on a Nobias-chelate PA1 resin, eluted with 2 M HNO3, and quantified by calibration curve prepared with SAFe and GEOTRACES reference samples (S1, GS, and GD) (https://www.geotraces.org/standards-and-reference-materials/).&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;A subset of incubation samples were analyzed for total dissolved nickel concentrations by competitive ligand exchange-adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry following UV-oxidation of remaining volume in nickel speciation samples. Frozen seawater samples were thawed at room temperature in the lab at Oregon State University and UV-oxidized in Teflon jars (Savillex) with quartz lids for at least ninety minutes in a Jelight model 342 UVO cleaner. Following UV-oxidation, seawater sample aliquots were buffered with a borate-ammonium buffer and amended with 200 µM dimethylglyoxime to complex the dissolved nickel in the sample and form an electroactive complex, which was then measured by standard addition on a hanging mercury drop electrode (BioAnalytical Systems, Inc.).&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sample analyses – labile dissolved nickel:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;The concentration of labile dissolved nickel concentrations was measured by competitive ligand exchange-adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry using the added ligand dimethylglyoxime (DMG; van den Berg and Nimmo 1987) and following a modification of previously described procedures (Saito et al. 2004; Boiteau et al. 2016). Briefly, seawater sample aliquots were buffered with a borate-ammonium buffer and equilibrated overnight with 200 µM DMG. Following equilibration, the amount of dissolved nickel in the samples that was bound to DMG was measured on a hanging mercury drop electrode and quantified by standard additions of dissolved nickel to the sample. All measurements, of the sample and of the standard additions, were conducted in triplicate. The concentration of labile dissolved nickel was determined from the slope of the standard curve and the triplicate measurements of the initial sample, and the results presented as averages and standard deviations of the three values.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sample analyses – pH:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;pH was measured using a USB4000 fiber optic spectrometer (Ocean Optics) with purified meta-Cresol Purple (mCP) as the pH indicator dye (Liu et al., 2011). The system comprised a open top, flow-thru cell positioned in a temperature controlled (20·°C) water bath. The cell was zeroed by manually injecting a blank or reference sample (seawater without mCP) and recording the absorbance at 434, 578, and 700 nm (reference). For sample analysis, 1 µL of purified mCP indicator solution was drawn into a clean 3 ml syringe followed by 2 ml of seawater sample.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;The solution was mixed gently to ensure uniform distribution of the indicator while avoiding air bubble formation. The solution then was manually injected into the flow-thru cell (using excess volumes for rinse) and allowed to thermally equilibrate. Once absorbance values had stabilized (1-3 min) the values were recorded at 434, 578, and 700 nm. Seawater pH was calculated on the total scale using the absorbance ratio (578/434) according to Liu et al. (2011). All samples were analyzed in triplicate and the results presented as the averages and standard deviations of the three values.&lt;/p&gt; Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1830029 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1830029 Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1829753 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1829753 completed Kristen Nicolle Buck University of South Florida 541-737-7401 2651 SW Orchard Avenue CEOAS Corvallis OR 97331 USA kristen.buck@oregonstate.edu pointOfContact Mark L. Wells University of Maine 207-581-4322 School of Marine Sciences Rm 201 Libby Hall Orono ME 04469 USA mlwells@maine.edu pointOfContact William P. Cochlan San Francisco State University 415-338-3541 Romberg Tiburon Center San Francisco State University 3152 Paradise Drive Tiburon CA 94920-1205 USA cochlan@sfsu.edu pointOfContact Yoshiko Kondo Nagasaki University yoshikondo@nagasaki-u.ac.jp pointOfContact Shigenobu Takeda Nagasaki University Japan s-takeda@nagasaki-u.ac.jp pointOfContact Charles Trick University of Western Ontario 519-661-2111 ext. 83899 North Campus Building Rm 402 London Ontario N6A 3K7 Canada trick@uwo.ca pointOfContact Salvatore Caprara University of South Florida capraras@oregonstate.edu pointOfContact Léo Mahieu Oregon State University leo.mahieu@oregonstate.edu pointOfContact asNeeded Dataset Version: 1 Unknown FeOA_NBR EVTNBR DATE_SHIP TIMESTART_SHIP TIMESTOP_SHIP LATITUDE LONGITUDE PLATFORM STNNBR INCNBR INCDAY INCTREATMENT BTLNBR_INC INCLABEL pH pH_FLAG Fe_D_noUV_CONC_INC Fe_D_noUV_FLAG ADD_57Fe_D_noUV_CONC_INC ADD_57Fe_D_noUV_FLAG Mn_D_noUV_CONC_INC Mn_D_noUV_FLAG Ni_D_noUV_CONC_INC Ni_D_noUV_FLAG Zn_D_noUV_CONC_INC Zn_D_noUV_FLAG Cu_D_noUV_CONC_INC Cu_D_noUV_FLAG Ni_D_UV_CONC_INC Ni_D_UV_STDEV Ni_D_UV_COUNT Ni_D_UV_FLAG Ni_DL_CONC_INC Ni_DL_STDEV Ni_DL_COUNT Ni_DL_FLAG ISO_DateTime_STARTSHIP_UTC ISO_DateTime_STOPSHIP_UTC Towfish Elemental Scientific seaFAST-pico system Ocean Optics USB4000 fiber optic spectrometer Epsilon Eclipse theme None, User defined sample identification event date time of day latitude longitude platform station incubation time or duration treatment bottle number sample description pH flag Iron Manganese Nickel Zinc Copper ISO_DateTime_UTC featureType BCO-DMO Standard Parameters Discrete water sampler SeaFAST Automated Preconcentration System Spectrometer Thermo Fisher Scientific ELEMENT 2 inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer Voltammetry Analyzers instrument BCO-DMO Standard Instruments SKQ202209S service Deployment Activity Northeast Pacific Ocean; 35 to 55 N, -125 to -145 E place Locations otherRestrictions otherRestrictions Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use. Collaborative Research: The Effect of Ocean Acidification on Fe Availability to Phytoplankton in Coastal and Oceanic Waters of the Eastern North Pacific https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/784135 Collaborative Research: The Effect of Ocean Acidification on Fe Availability to Phytoplankton in Coastal and Oceanic Waters of the Eastern North Pacific <p><em>NSF Award Abstract:</em><br /> Iron is an important nutrient for algae in the ocean. Different forms of iron and their availability to algae are influenced by many factors including the acidity of seawater (or pH). This research project focuses on understanding the effects of ocean acidification (low pH) on the associations between iron and chemical substances that bind with iron in seawater. The investigators will work in coastal and oceanic waters of the Pacific Ocean. These waters are characterized by substances that have weak and strong associations with iron. Samples will be collected from coastal waters off Washington State, the northern edge of the North Pacific gyre, and Ocean Station PAPA in the northeast subarctic Pacific. Water samples will be collected to test phytoplankton responses to light, pH, forms of iron, and the composition of the substances that bind with iron. This project will support graduate and undergraduate students. The investigators will participate in a range of education and outreach activities.</p> <p>This study addresses oceanic responses to rising anthropogenic CO2 and is broadly relevant to ocean biogeochemistry. The investigators will study the role of ocean acidification on iron availability in the Eastern North Pacific Ocean. The study location is characterized as a high nutrient low chlorophyll (HNLC) region of the ocean, where phytoplankton may be particularly sensitive to iron availability. The study region is also characterized by gradients in ligand composition and binding strength. This study will investigate how the associations between iron and different ligands (organic compounds that bind with iron) are influenced by pH and how this, in turn, influences primary production and microbial community structure in the ocean. The investigators will use batch cultures, at pH 8.1 and 7.6, and under high and low light regimes, to examine the iron demand of phytoplankton. Understanding how pH influences iron and its relationship with ligands will provide important information for assessing the impacts of ocean acidification on primary production and biogeochemical processes.</p> pH-Fe availability largerWorkCitation project eng; USA oceans Northeast Pacific Ocean; 35 to 55 N, -125 to -145 E -145 -125.56 35 50 2022-06-10 2022-06-29 North East Pacific, Ocean Station PAPA 0 BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Dissolved trace metal concentrations, nickel speciation, and pH in shipboard incubations conducted on FeOA project cruise SKQ202209S on the R/V Sikuliaq between June 4 2022 to July 1 2022 in the NE Pacific. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957763.rdf Name: FeOA_NBR Units: unitless Description: <p>Unique sample number for the FeOA cruise project</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957764.rdf Name: EVTNBR Units: unitless Description: <p>Event number; ‘nda’ for ‘no data available’  or missing information; ‘na’ for ‘not applicable’ to that sample</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957765.rdf Name: DATE_SHIP Units: unitless Description: <p>Date on ship time when sample was collected, in format MM/DD/YY, AKDT (Alaska Daylight) timezone</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957766.rdf Name: TIMESTART_SHIP Units: unitless Description: <p>Ship time when sample collection started, in format HH:MM; ‘nda’ for ‘no data available’  or missing information; ‘na’ for ‘not applicable’ to that sample. , AKDT (Alaska Daylight) timezone</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957767.rdf Name: TIMESTOP_SHIP Units: unitless Description: <p>Ship time when sample collection started, in format HH:MM; ‘nda’ for ‘no data available’  or missing information; ‘na’ for ‘not applicable’ to that sample. , AKDT (Alaska Daylight) timezone</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957768.rdf Name: LATITUDE Units: decimal degrees Description: <p>Ship position when sample was collected in decimal °N; south is negative. ‘nda’ for ‘no data available’  or missing information; ‘na’ for ‘not applicable’ to that sample</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957769.rdf Name: LONGITUDE Units: decimal degrees Description: <p>Ship position when sample was collected in decimal °E; west is negative. ‘nda’ for ‘no data available’  or missing information; ‘na’ for ‘not applicable’ to that sample</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957770.rdf Name: PLATFORM Units: unitless Description: <p>Sampling system used. TMC CTD = trace metal CTD rosette. FISH = tow fish. TM PUMP = trace metal pump. INC = incubation.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957771.rdf Name: STNNBR Units: unitless Description: <p>Station number; ‘na’ for ‘not applicable’ to that sample</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957772.rdf Name: INCNBR Units: unitless Description: <p>Number assigned to incubation experiment as a series</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957773.rdf Name: INCDAY Units: unitless Description: <p>Day after start of incubation that sample was collected (day 0 is initiation of incubation)</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957774.rdf Name: INCTREATMENT Units: unitless Description: <p>Incubation treatment. A and G: pH 8.1; B and H: pH 8.1 + Fe; C and I: pH 7.6; D and J: pH 7.6 + Fe; E and K: pH 7.1; F and L: pH 7.1 + Fe. Treatments A-F incubated in screened light, treatments G-L incubated in dark</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957775.rdf Name: BTLNBR_INC Units: unitless Description: <p>Unique number assigned to incubation bottle; bottles were reused between experiments but number remained the same, allowing for follow of any bottle effects</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957776.rdf Name: INCLABEL Units: unitless Description: <p>Label used to describe incubation number and day. </p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957777.rdf Name: pH Units: unitless Description: <p>pH of field samples. ‘na’ for ‘not applicable’ used when no sample was collected for this parameter. ‘nda’ for ‘no data available’ used when sample was collected but no data has been obtained for this parameter.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957778.rdf Name: pH_FLAG Units: unitless Description: <p>Quality flag for pH.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957779.rdf Name: Fe_D_noUV_CONC_INC Units: Nanomoles per kilogram (nmol/kg) Description: <p>Concentrations of total dissolved iron (Fe) in incubation samples; samples were not UV-oxidized prior to measurement. </p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957780.rdf Name: Fe_D_noUV_FLAG Units: unitless Description: <p>Quality flag for Fe_D_noUV_CONC.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957781.rdf Name: ADD_57Fe_D_noUV_CONC_INC Units: Nanomoles per kilogram (nmol/kg) Description: <p>Concentrations of added dissolved iron (Fe) as 57Fe in incubation samples; represents concentration of 57Fe spike in samples. ‘na’ for ‘not applicable’ used for treatment samples where no 57Fe was added. Samples were not UV-oxidized prior to measurement.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957782.rdf Name: ADD_57Fe_D_noUV_FLAG Units: unitless Description: <p>Quality flag for ADD_57Fe_D_noUV _CONC.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957783.rdf Name: Mn_D_noUV_CONC_INC Units: Nanomoles per kilogram (nmol/kg) Description: <p>Concentrations of dissolved manganese (Mn) in incubation samples; samples were not UV-oxidized prior to measurement.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957784.rdf Name: Mn_D_noUV_FLAG Units: unitless Description: <p>Quality flag for Mn_D_noUV_CONC.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957785.rdf Name: Ni_D_noUV_CONC_INC Units: Nanomoles per kilogram (nmol/kg) Description: <p>Concentrations of dissolved nickel (Ni) in incubation samples; samples were not UV-oxidized prior to measurement. </p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957786.rdf Name: Ni_D_noUV_FLAG Units: unitless Description: <p>Quality flag for Ni_D_noUV_CONC.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957787.rdf Name: Zn_D_noUV_CONC_INC Units: Nanomoles per kilogram (nmol/kg) Description: <p>Concentrations of dissolved copper (Cu) in incubation samples; samples were not UV-oxidized prior to measurement. </p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957788.rdf Name: Zn_D_noUV_FLAG Units: unitless Description: <p>Quality flag for Cu_D_noUV_CONC.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957789.rdf Name: Cu_D_noUV_CONC_INC Units: Nanomoles per kilogram (nmol/kg) Description: <p>Concentrations of dissolved zinc (Zn) in incubation samples; samples were not UV-oxidized prior to measurement. ‘nda’ for ‘no data available’ used when sample was collected but no data has been obtained for this parameter.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957790.rdf Name: Cu_D_noUV_FLAG Units: unitless Description: <p>Quality flag for Zn_D_noUV_CONC.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957791.rdf Name: Ni_D_UV_CONC_INC Units: Nanomoles per liter (nmol/L) Description: <p>Concentrations of dissolved nickel (Ni) in incubation samples, measured by voltammetry after UV-oxidation. ‘nda’ for ‘no data available’ used when sample was collected but no data has been obtained for this parameter.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957792.rdf Name: Ni_D_UV_STDEV Units: Nanomoles per liter (nmol/L) Description: <p>Standard deviation of replicate dissolved nickel (Ni) measurements of incubation samples that were measured by voltammetry after UV-oxidation. ‘na’ used for ‘not applicable’.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957793.rdf Name: Ni_D_UV_COUNT Units: unitless Description: <p>Number of replicate measurements averaged for Ni_D_UV_CONC. ‘na’ used for ‘not applicable’.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957794.rdf Name: Ni_D_UV_FLAG Units: unitless Description: <p>Quality flag for Ni_D_UV_CONC.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957795.rdf Name: Ni_DL_CONC_INC Units: Nanomoles per liter (nmol/L) Description: <p>Concentrations of labile dissolved nickel (Ni) in field samples. ‘na’ for ‘not applicable’ used when no sample was collected for this parameter. ‘nda’ for ‘no data available’ used when sample was collected but no data has been obtained for this parameter.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957796.rdf Name: Ni_DL_STDEV Units: Nanomoles per liter (nmol/L) Description: <p>Standard deviation of replicate labile dissolved nickel (Ni) measurements of incubation samples. ‘na’ used for ‘not applicable’.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957797.rdf Name: Ni_DL_COUNT Units: unitless Description: <p>Number of replicate measurements averaged for Ni_DL_CONC. ‘na’ used for ‘not applicable’.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957798.rdf Name: Ni_DL_FLAG Units: unitless Description: <p>Quality flag for Ni_DL_CONC.</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957799.rdf Name: ISO_DateTime_STARTSHIP_UTC Units: unitless Description: <p>description</p> http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/957800.rdf Name: ISO_DateTime_STOPSHIP_UTC Units: unitless Description: <p>description</p> GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact 90827 https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/b2522527-fab1-46d8-8f25-1b11d08ed5ae/content download https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.957607.1 download onLine dataset &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Incubation Setup:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Surface water was collected for shipboard incubations in June 2022 aboard the R/V Sikuliaq using a trace metal clean surface pump “towfish” system (Mellett and Buck, 2020). Filtered (&amp;lt;0.2 µm, Acropak) seawater from the towfish was homogenized in three acid-cleaned and seawater rinsed 50-L carboys that were filled round-robin style (Burns et al., 2023). Each carboy was then bubbled overnight with a custom CO2-air mixture to achieve the target pH levels of pH 8.1, 7.6, and 7.1, which was verified with shipboard spectrophotometric pH analyses using the Byrne MICA system (Adornato et al., 2016). Unfiltered surface seawater was then collected and homogenized in a fourth acid-cleaned and seawater-rinsed carboy using the trace metal clean towfish. Trace metal clean polycarbonate incubation bottles were then filled two-thirds with filtered seawater and one-third unfiltered seawater, amended for the nutrient and/or iron treatment, sealed with the caps/threads wrapped in parafilm and electrical tape, and delivered to deckboard flow-through seawater incubators that were covered in screening to mimic surface light levels. Once all incubation bottles were in the incubators, the time-zero sampling of each incubation began. Six incubations were conducted, two each at a coastal upwelling station (Inc 1, 2; 40.112 ºN, 125.56 ºW), in the oligotrophic central North Pacific (Inc 3, 4; 35 ºN, 145 ºW), and at Ocean Station PAPA (Inc 5, 6; 50 ºN, 145 ºW) in the subarctic North Pacific. For incubations 1-4, all incubation bottles were spiked with chelexed stocks of nitrate and phosphate, and aged (for trace metal cleanliness) silicic acid stocks, to target additions of 10 µM nitrate, silicic acid, and 0.8 µM phosphate; no macronutrients were added to Incs 5 and 6, which were already macronutrient replete. Replicates of pH treatment were additionally spiked with 1 nM&amp;nbsp;&lt;sup&gt;57&lt;/sup&gt;FeCl&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&amp;nbsp;as a dissolved iron addition. Incubation bottles were labeled according to treatment and were the same across light bottles all incubations: A = pH 8.1, B = pH 8.1 + Fe, C = pH 7.6, D = pH 7.6 + Fe, E = pH 7.1, F = pH 7.1 + Fe. Replicates of each treatment were also incubated in heavy duty black contractor bags to serve as dark controls (G = A, H = B, I = C, J = D, K = E, L = F), which were sampled on day final only.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Incubation sampling:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Triplicate bottles from each incubation were sampled daily over the course of the experiments. Incubation bottles were brought in from the incubators into a clean lab bubble in the ship, where they were washed down with Milli-Q and transferred into a clean hood. After gently inverting to mix, each was subsampled for pH, chlorophyll&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;, and particulate organic nutrients. The remaining contents of each bottle were filtered in the bubble clean hood on a custom acrylic filtration rig outfitted with dual stage Teflon filtration holders (Savillex) that allows the filtrate to go directly into sample bottles after passing through consecutive 5 µm and 0.4 µm acid-cleaned polycarbonate track-etched (PCTE; Whatman) filters. Samples for dissolved trace metals were collected in acid-cleaned and triple-rinsed narrow mouth low density polyethylene bottles, acidified with 0.024 M ultrapure hydrochloric acid (to pH ~1.8), and stored for shore-based analysis at the University of Nagasaki (Yoshiko Kondo). Samples for dissolved iron and nickel speciation were collected in acid-cleaned, Milli-Q-conditioned, and triple-rinsed narrow mouth fluorinated high density polyethylene bottles (Nalgene) and analyzed shipboard for dissolved iron speciation (Lise Artigue, Kristen Buck lab) before freezing at -20 ºC for shore-based dissolved nickel speciation analyses at Oregon State University (Matthew Koteskey, Kristen Buck lab). Samples for pH were analyzed shipboard (Drajed Seto, Mark Wells lab).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sample analyses – dissolved trace metals:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;The concentrations of dissolved iron, manganese, nickel, zinc, and copper were analyzed by high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (Thermo Scientific ELEMENT II) with a preconcentration flow injection system seaFAST-pico (Elemental Scientific Inc., ESI) at Nagasaki University (Yoshiko Kondo and Shigenobu Takeda). Acidified samples were measured without UV-oxidation, and dissolved copper concentrations should be considered ‘reactive Cu’ as total recovery may have been hindered by organic complexation in these samples. Briefly, dissolved trace metals in the samples were preconcentrated on a Nobias-chelate PA1 resin, eluted with 2 M HNO3, and quantified by calibration curve prepared with SAFe and GEOTRACES reference samples (S1, GS, and GD) (https://www.geotraces.org/standards-and-reference-materials/).&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;A subset of incubation samples were analyzed for total dissolved nickel concentrations by competitive ligand exchange-adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry following UV-oxidation of remaining volume in nickel speciation samples. Frozen seawater samples were thawed at room temperature in the lab at Oregon State University and UV-oxidized in Teflon jars (Savillex) with quartz lids for at least ninety minutes in a Jelight model 342 UVO cleaner. Following UV-oxidation, seawater sample aliquots were buffered with a borate-ammonium buffer and amended with 200 µM dimethylglyoxime to complex the dissolved nickel in the sample and form an electroactive complex, which was then measured by standard addition on a hanging mercury drop electrode (BioAnalytical Systems, Inc.).&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sample analyses – labile dissolved nickel:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;The concentration of labile dissolved nickel concentrations was measured by competitive ligand exchange-adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry using the added ligand dimethylglyoxime (DMG; van den Berg and Nimmo 1987) and following a modification of previously described procedures (Saito et al. 2004; Boiteau et al. 2016). Briefly, seawater sample aliquots were buffered with a borate-ammonium buffer and equilibrated overnight with 200 µM DMG. Following equilibration, the amount of dissolved nickel in the samples that was bound to DMG was measured on a hanging mercury drop electrode and quantified by standard additions of dissolved nickel to the sample. All measurements, of the sample and of the standard additions, were conducted in triplicate. The concentration of labile dissolved nickel was determined from the slope of the standard curve and the triplicate measurements of the initial sample, and the results presented as averages and standard deviations of the three values.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sample analyses – pH:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;pH was measured using a USB4000 fiber optic spectrometer (Ocean Optics) with purified meta-Cresol Purple (mCP) as the pH indicator dye (Liu et al., 2011). The system comprised a open top, flow-thru cell positioned in a temperature controlled (20·°C) water bath. The cell was zeroed by manually injecting a blank or reference sample (seawater without mCP) and recording the absorbance at 434, 578, and 700 nm (reference). For sample analysis, 1 µL of purified mCP indicator solution was drawn into a clean 3 ml syringe followed by 2 ml of seawater sample.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;The solution was mixed gently to ensure uniform distribution of the indicator while avoiding air bubble formation. The solution then was manually injected into the flow-thru cell (using excess volumes for rinse) and allowed to thermally equilibrate. Once absorbance values had stabilized (1-3 min) the values were recorded at 434, 578, and 700 nm. Seawater pH was calculated on the total scale using the absorbance ratio (578/434) according to Liu et al. (2011). All samples were analyzed in triplicate and the results presented as the averages and standard deviations of the three values.&lt;/p&gt; Specified by the Principal Investigator(s) &lt;p&gt;Data were flagged using the SeaDataNet quality flag scheme recommended by GEOTRACES (https://www.geotraces.org/geotraces-quality-flag-policy/)&amp;nbsp;and described below. Notes specific to the application of these flags to this dataset are noted in brackets […].&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;0 = No Quality Control: No quality control procedures have been applied to the data value. This is the initial status for all data values entering the working archive. [Not used].&lt;br /&gt; 1 = Good Value: Good quality data value that is not part of any identified malfunction and has been verified as consistent with real phenomena during the quality control process. [Used for analyses that included replicates and/or reference samples].&lt;br /&gt; 2 = Probably Good Value: Data value that is probably consistent with real phenomena, but this is unconfirmed or data value forming part of a malfunction that is considered too small to affect the overall quality of the data object of which it is a part. [Used when no replicates or reference samples were available to further verify the quality of the data].&lt;br /&gt; 3 = Probably Bad Value: Data value recognized as unusual during quality control that forms part of a feature that is probably inconsistent with real phenomena. [Not used].&lt;br /&gt; 4 = Bad Value: An obviously erroneous data value. [Used when value was flagged high].&lt;br /&gt; 5 = Changed Value: Data value adjusted during quality control. Best practice strongly recommends that the value before the change be preserved in the data or its accompanying metadata. [Not used].&lt;br /&gt; 6 = Value Below Detection Limit: The level of the measured phenomenon was less than the limit of detection (LOD) for the method employed to measure it. The accompanying value is the detection limit for the technique or zero if that value is unknown. [Not used].&lt;br /&gt; 7 = Value in Excess: The level of the measured phenomenon was too large to be quantified by the technique employed to measure it. The accompanying value is the measurement limit for the technique. [Not used].&lt;br /&gt; 8 = Interpolated Value: This value has been derived by interpolation from other values in the data object. [Not used].&lt;br /&gt; 9 = Missing Value: The data value is missing. Any accompanying value will be a magic number representing absent data [When sample was not collected the notation ‘na’ for ‘not applicable’ was used; when sample was collected but there is no result for this parameter, the notation ‘nda’ for ‘no data available’ was used].&lt;br /&gt; A = Value Phenomenon Uncertain: There is uncertainty in the description of the measured phenomenon associated with the value such as chemical species or biological entity. [Not used]&lt;/p&gt; Specified by the Principal Investigator(s) * Created ISO Date-Time column from original DATE_SHIP and TIMESTART_SHIP and TIMESTOP_SHIP * Added latitude &amp; longitude of stations to dataset * Converted pH row 285 fron 7,58 to 7.58 * Adjusted values in column BTLNBR_INC after discussion with submitter, row 168: '105 (108 is chl?)' to 105 and row 184:'118 (113 is chl?)' to 118 Specified by BCO-DMO Data Managers asNeeded 7.x-1.1 Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Unavailable 508-289-2009 WHOI MS#36 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA info@bco-dmo.org http://www.bco-dmo.org Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided. pointOfContact Towfish Towfish PI Supplied Instrument Name: Towfish PI Supplied Instrument Description:Seawater for the incubations was collected with a custom surface sampling system, “towfish” (Mellett and Buck 2020), comprised of acid cleaned Bev-A-Line-IV tubing and an Almatec Double PTFE Diaphragm Pump. Instrument Name: Discrete water sampler Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: A device that collects an in-situ discrete water sample from any depth and returns it to the surface without contamination by the waters through which it passes, such as a water bottle. Elemental Scientific seaFAST-pico system Elemental Scientific seaFAST-pico system PI Supplied Instrument Name: Elemental Scientific seaFAST-pico system PI Supplied Instrument Description:Elemental Scientific seaFAST-pico system was used to preconcentrate dissolved trace metals from project samples for the ICPMS analyses. Instrument Name: SeaFAST Automated Preconcentration System Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: The seaFAST is an automated sample introduction system for analysis of seawater and other high matrix samples for analyses by ICPMS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry). Ocean Optics USB4000 fiber optic spectrometer Ocean Optics USB4000 fiber optic spectrometer PI Supplied Instrument Name: Ocean Optics USB4000 fiber optic spectrometer PI Supplied Instrument Description:Ocean Optics USB4000 fiber optic spectrometer for pH measurements. Instrument Name: Spectrometer Instrument Short Name:Spectrometer Instrument Description: A spectrometer is an optical instrument used to measure properties of light over a specific portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/TOOL0460/ PI Supplied Instrument Name: PI Supplied Instrument Description:ThermoScientific Element II high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer was used to measure dissolved metal concentrations. Instrument Name: Thermo Fisher Scientific ELEMENT 2 inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer Instrument Short Name:Thermo Scientific Element 2 ICP-MS Instrument Description: The Thermo Scientific Element 2 ICP-MS is a double-focussing magnetic-sector-field Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer equipped with a discrete dynode detector system, linear over nine orders of magnitude - from ppq to ppm concentrations. Other features include: Sensitivity (Concentric Nebuliser) greater than 1 x 10^9 counts per second (cps)/ppm ln; Dark noise less than 0.2 cps; Mass resolution 300, 4,000, 10,000 (10 percent valley, equivalent to 5 percent height), 600, 8,000, 2,000 (FWHM); Signal stability better than 1 percent RSD over 10 minutes or 2 percent RSD over 1 hour; Mass stability: 25 ppm / 8 hours; Magnetic scan speed: m/z 7 to 240 to 7 in less than 150 ms, Electronic scan speed: 1 ms/jump, independent of mass range. Epsilon Eclipse Epsilon Eclipse PI Supplied Instrument Name: Epsilon Eclipse PI Supplied Instrument Description:BioAnalytical Systems Inc. controlled growth mercury electrode and Epsilon Eclipse voltametric analyzer were used for the labile dissolved nickel concentration measurements. Instrument Name: Voltammetry Analyzers Instrument Short Name:Voltammetry Analyzers Instrument Description: Instruments that obtain information about an analyte by applying a potential and measuring the current produced in the analyte. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB35/ Cruise: SKQ202209S SKQ202209S R/V Sikuliaq Community Standard Description International Council for the Exploration of the Sea R/V Sikuliaq vessel SKQ202209S Mark L. Wells University of Maine R/V Sikuliaq Community Standard Description International Council for the Exploration of the Sea R/V Sikuliaq vessel