http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/962576
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2025-05-27
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Saanich Inlet field and laboratory methods related to experimental rate data acquired aboard the R/V John Strickland during two cruises in August, 2021 and June, 2022
2025-10-01
publication
2025-10-01
revision
Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA)
2025-10-01
publication
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.962576.1
Damian Grundle
Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences
principalInvestigator
Frank James Stewart
Montana State University
principalInvestigator
Laura Bristow
University of Southern Denmark
principalInvestigator
Sheryl Murdock
Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Murdock, S., Bristow, L., Stewart, F. J., Grundle, D. (2025) Saanich Inlet field and laboratory methods related to experimental rate data acquired aboard the R/V John Strickland during two cruises in August, 2021 and June, 2022. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2025-10-01 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.962576.1 [access date]
Saanich Inlet Rate data Dataset Description: Methods and Sampling: <p><strong><u>Sample collection</u></strong></p>
<p>For all rate experiments, water was sampled through gas-tight Viton tubing into vials or glass bottles filling from the bottom with three times overflow. Vials or bottles were closed bubble-free with deoxygenated butyl rubber stoppers and kept cool/dark until return to the laboratory. Collection vessels included 20-mL glass vials (2021) or 250-mL glass serum bottles (2022) for N<sub>2</sub>O production experiments, 500-mL glass bottles for N<sub>2</sub>O consumption, anaerobic ammonia oxidation, denitrification, dissimilatory nitrite reduction to ammonium, and nitrite oxidation experiments, and 250-mL glass serum bottles for dark carbon fixation experiments.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong><u>Experimental set-up</u></strong></p>
<p><strong>Laboratory set up for N<sub>2</sub>O production: </strong>In 2021, a 2-mL N<sub>2</sub> headspace was introduced in each 20-mL vial before it underwent 2 cycles composed of 30 seconds of vigorous shaking followed by 30 seconds of flushing with N<sub>2</sub>. Each vial was then amended with one of three <sup>15</sup>N-labeled tracer solutions (<sup>15</sup>NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>/<sup>14</sup>NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>, <sup>15</sup>NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>/<sup>14</sup>NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>, <sup>15</sup>NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>/<sup>14</sup>NH<sub>4</sub>) to quantify rates of N<sub>2</sub>O production from NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> oxidation and NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> and NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup> reduction. Each tracer solution was added to six vials for a 2 µmol·L<sup>-1</sup> increase in the concentration of both the <sup>15</sup>N and <sup>14</sup>N &nbsp;substrates. In 2022, a helium headspace was added to 250-mL bottles followed immediately by purging of the water for 30 minutes with helium. Each bottle was then amended with one of the three tracer solutions and the liquid dispensed into replicate 12-mL exetainer vials for incubation. Each vial was injected with 1µM unlabeled <sup>14</sup>N<sub>2</sub>O to stem the loss of <sup>15</sup>N-labeled N<sub>2</sub>O to other processes (2022 only). In both years, vials were incubated in the dark at in situ temperature and were terminated at 0 and 12 hours (2021) or 0, 9, and 18 hours (2022) by injection of saturated mercuric chloride.</p>
<p><strong>Laboratory set up for N<sub>2</sub>O consumption: </strong>A headspace was introduced followed immediately by purging of the water for 30 minutes with helium. Water was dispensed with &gt; 2 volumes overflow into 12-mL exetainer vials that were immediately closed with deoxygenated chlorobutyl rubber septa. Each vial received a 2-mL helium headspace before undergoing 2 cycles composed of 30 seconds of vigorous shaking followed by 30 seconds of flushing with helium.&nbsp; Each vial was then injected with <sup>15</sup>N<sub>2</sub>O (1 µM) and incubated in the dark at in situ temperature, and were terminated at four time points, 0, 6, 12 and 24 hours, by injection of saturated mercuric chloride.</p>
<p><strong>Laboratory set up for</strong><strong> anaerobic ammonia oxidation, denitrification, dissimilatory nitrite reduction to ammonium, and nitrite oxidation: </strong>A headspace was introduced and <sup>15</sup>NO<sub>2</sub> added (5 µM) followed immediately by purging of the water for 30 minutes with helium. Water was dispensed with &gt; 2 volumes overflow into 12-mL exetainer vials that were immediately closed with deoxygenated chlorobutyl rubber septa. Each vial received a 2-mL helium headspace before undergoing 2 cycles composed of 30 seconds of vigorous shaking followed by 30 seconds of flushing with helium.&nbsp; Vials were then incubated in the dark at in situ temperature, and were terminated at four time points, 0, 6, 12 and 24 hours, by injection of saturated mercuric chloride.</p>
<p><strong>Laboratory set up for dark carbon fixation:</strong> <sup>13</sup>C-DIC was introduced into each serum bottle and a 20-mL helium headspace inserted, before undergoing 2 cycles composed of 30 seconds of vigorous shaking followed by 30 seconds of flushing with helium.&nbsp; A sample of the headspace was placed into a 3 mL glass vial, and preserved with mercuric chloride, headspace free for labeling percentage determination (averaged 20 %). Serum bottles were then incubated in the dark at in situ temperature, and duplicate bottles were terminated at two time points 0 and 24 hours by filtration onto pre-combusted glass fiber filters (GF-75). Filters were subsequently oven dried and stored at room temperature until analysis.</p>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-2023430 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=2023430
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-2022991 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=2022991
onGoing
Damian Grundle
Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences
damian.grundle@asu.edu
pointOfContact
Frank James Stewart
Montana State University
775-530-3627
Leon Johnson Hall 621
Bozeman
Montana
59715
USA
frank.stewart@montana.edu
pointOfContact
Laura Bristow
University of Southern Denmark
laura.bristow@gu.se
pointOfContact
Sheryl Murdock
Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences
sheryl.murdock@asu.edu
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: 1
Unknown
Event
Station
Sampling_Date
Cast_Start_Time
Tidal_height
Latitude
Longitude
Sample_Depth
Depth_Code
NH4_N2Oprod_Rates
NH4_N2Oprod_SE
NO2_N2Oprod_Rates
NO2_N2Oprod_SE
NO3_N2Oprod_Rates
NO3_N2Oprod_SE
N2Ocons_Rates
N2Ocons_SE
Anammox_Rates
Anammox_SE
Denit_Rates
Denit_SE
DNRA_rates
DNRA_SE
NitOx_Rates
NitOx_SE
DarkCfix_rates
DardCfix_SE
Notes
Picarro Cavity Ring-Down Spectrometer
Trilogy Fluorometer - Turner Designs
Delta V Plus Isotope Ratio mass spectrometer
Small rosette containing 12 x 2.5L Niskin bottles
Astoria Nutrient Analyzer
High-sensitivity oxygen sensor
Seabird SBE 19plus
Seabird SBE 43 oxygen sensor
theme
None, User defined
event
station
date
time begin
tide
latitude
longitude
depth
sample description
Nitrous Oxide
anammox
Nitrification and denitrification rates
Nitrogen
Elemental carbon (C)
comments
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
Cavity enhanced absorption spectrometers
Fluorometer
Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer
Niskin bottle
Nutrient Autoanalyzer
Oxygen Sensor
Sea-Bird SBE 19plus V2 SEACAT CTD
Sea-Bird SBE 43 Dissolved Oxygen Sensor
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
JS202206
JS202108
service
Deployment Activity
Saanich Inlet, British Columbia, Canada
place
Locations
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
Collaborative Research: Nitrous oxide reduction in oxygen minimum zones: an understudied but critical loss term in ocean greenhouse gas cycling
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/870651
Collaborative Research: Nitrous oxide reduction in oxygen minimum zones: an understudied but critical loss term in ocean greenhouse gas cycling
<p>NSF Award Abstract:</p>
<p>Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a gas produced by microbes in both aquatic and terrestrial environments, and, like other greenhouse gases, it contributes to global warming. Furthermore, N2O can destroy ozone, a gas responsible for protecting the earth from dangerous ultraviolet radiation. In the ocean, N2O production is largely controlled by the amount of available dissolved oxygen, with more N2O being produced under low oxygen concentrations; however, when no oxygen is available, a scenario referred to as anoxia, microbes in the ocean switch from producing N2O to consuming N2O. In recent years, it has become evident that zones of low oxygen are expanding in some areas of the oceans, and this has raised concern that more N2O will be produced. If this occurs, more N2O will be emitted to the atmosphere, and will lead to further global warming and ozone destruction. Because of this, research has largely focused on understanding how much N2O is produced in the ocean under low oxygen conditions. If, however, anoxic zones also increase in size, this could act to balance out, at least to some degree, the predicted increase in N2O production caused by the expansion of zones where oxygen is present but in low concentrations. This study aims to simultaneously measure N2O production and consumption, in both low oxygen and anoxic zones and identify the microbes responsible for N2O production and consumption. Our results will: 1) lead to a much better understanding of how N2O consumption in anoxic zones could help to balance out an increase in N2O production if low oxygen zones in the ocean continue to expand, 2) help to inform models aimed at predicting oceanic N2O production and emissions to the atmosphere under future ocean conditions, and 3) allow us to better understand the microbes involved in N2O production and consumption. Our study will support a postdoc and undergraduate students who will work at the interface of marine chemistry and community genomics. The PIs plan to specifically consider applications from underrepresented minorities and students at institutions with limited opportunities. The PIs also plan a number of other educational/outreach programs ranging from teacher-training workshops, teacher internships, and academic and public lecture series.</p>
<p>
The oceanic production of the potent greenhouse and ozone destroying gas nitrous oxide (N2O) increases as dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations transition from oxic to hypoxic. Marine DO concentrations have decreased globally with climate change and oceanic hypoxic zones have expanded and predicted to continue expanding. This increase is cause for concern that N2O production in the ocean will increase in the future which would lead to higher emissions to the atmosphere. As a result, much research has focused on quantifying the oxygen thresholds that correspond to large increases in N2O production. In contrast, relatively few studies have aimed to quantify the capacity for net N2O consumption, resulting from microbial N2O reduction to N2 under anoxic conditions, to buffer against predicted N2O production increases if anoxic zones expand in conjunction with hypoxic zones. To this end, this study aims to simultaneously quantify N2O production and consumption from oxic-hypoxic-anoxic water column zones, in order to determine the potential for N2O consumption to counteract predicted increases in N2O production. Our field work be conducted in Saanich Inlet, a British Columbian fjord which is an ideal natural laboratory for our study, as it is characterized by a well-established oxycline and anoxic zone. Specifically, we aim to 1) measure bulk N2O concentrations, and, using 15N tracer techniques, quantify N2O production and consumption rates as DO concentrations decrease from oxic to anoxic conditions, 2) quantify the magnitude by which N2O consumption in the anoxic zone balances increased N2O production in the overlying hypoxic region, and 3) definitively link observed N2O production and consumption rates to the microorganisms mediating this process, focusing specifically on distinguishing N2O consumption via denitrifier (NO3- to N2) versus non-denitrifier (N2O to N2 only) taxa. Ultimately, our results will provide quantitative information on N2O consumption rates over fluctuating ocean conditions, thereby helping constrain models of oxygen effects on net N2O production and ocean-to-atmosphere greenhouse gas fluxes. Furthermore, this work will identify the taxonomic breadth of microbes capable of N2O reduction and their linkage to actual N2O reduction rates, thereby providing a quantitative understanding of whether or not the detection of specific bio-signatures is predictive of marine N2O dynamics.</p>
<p>This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.</p>
oxygen minimum zones
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
oceans
Saanich Inlet, British Columbia, Canada
-123.51
-123.4988
48.59
48.6275
2021-08-01
2022-06-22
Saanich Inlet — a seasonally anoxic fjord on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Saanich Inlet field and laboratory methods related to experimental rate data acquired aboard the R/V John Strickland during two cruises in August, 2021 and June, 2022
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/962833.rdf
Name: Event
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Unique event identity - format "FieldDay_year_event#_instrument"</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/962834.rdf
Name: Station
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Two sampling stations Ð S3, S4</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/962835.rdf
Name: Sampling_Date
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Calendar day</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/962836.rdf
Name: Cast_Start_Time
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Pacific daylight time (UTC minus 7 hours) at start of event</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/962837.rdf
Name: Tidal_height
Units: meters (m)
Description: <p>Tidal height measured at Patricia Bay. Data from Fisheries and Oceans Canada (<a href="https://www.tides.gc.ca/en/stations/07277/">https://www.tides.gc.ca/en/stations/07277/</a>)</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/962838.rdf
Name: Latitude
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>Latitude of station location</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/962839.rdf
Name: Longitude
Units: decimal degrees
Description: <p>Longitude of station location</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/962840.rdf
Name: Sample_Depth
Units: meters
Description: <p>Depth where bottles were closed, or RNA sampler filtered</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/962841.rdf
Name: Depth_Code
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Sampling depth categories described in cruise report</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/962842.rdf
Name: NH4_N2Oprod_Rates
Units: nanomoles per liter per day
Description: <p>N2O production rate from ammonium (rate at which N2O is produced during the oxidation of ammonium to nitrite). "ns" indicates experiments were run but rates were not significant (p=0.05).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/962843.rdf
Name: NH4_N2Oprod_SE
Units: nanomoles per liter per day
Description: <p>Standard error of N2O production rate from ammonium. "ns" indicates experiments were run but rates were not significant (p=0.05).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/962844.rdf
Name: NO2_N2Oprod_Rates
Units: nanomoles per liter per day
Description: <p>N2O production rate from nitrite (rate at which N2O is produced from the reduction of nitrite). "ns" indicates experiments were run but rates were not significant (p=0.05).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/962845.rdf
Name: NO2_N2Oprod_SE
Units: nanomoles per liter per day
Description: <p>Standard error of N2O production rate from nitrite. "ns" indicates experiments were run but rates were not significant (p=0.05).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/962846.rdf
Name: NO3_N2Oprod_Rates
Units: nanomoles per liter per day
Description: <p>N2O production rate from nitrate (rate at which N2O is produced from the reduction of nitrate). "ns" indicates experiments were run but rates were not significant (p=0.05).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/962847.rdf
Name: NO3_N2Oprod_SE
Units: nanomoles per liter per day
Description: <p>Standard error of N2O production rate from nitrate. "ns" indicates experiments were run but rates were not significant (p=0.05).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/962848.rdf
Name: N2Ocons_Rates
Units: nanomoles per liter per day
Description: <p>N2O consumption rate (rate at which N2O is reduced to nitrogen gas). "ns" indicates experiments were run but rates were not significant (p=0.05).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/962849.rdf
Name: N2Ocons_SE
Units: nanomoles per liter per day
Description: <p>Standard error of N2O consumption rate. "ns" indicates experiments were run but rates were not significant (p=0.05).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/962850.rdf
Name: Anammox_Rates
Units: nanomoles per liter per day
Description: <p>Anaerobic ammonium oxidation rate (rate at which ammonium is converted into dinitrogen gas). "ns" indicates experiments were run but rates were not significant (p=0.05).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/962851.rdf
Name: Anammox_SE
Units: nanomoles per liter per day
Description: <p>Standard error of anaerobic ammonium oxiddation rate. "ns" indicates experiments were run but rates were not significant (p=0.05).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/962852.rdf
Name: Denit_Rates
Units: nanomoles per liter per day
Description: <p>Denitirification rate (rate at which nitrate and/or nitrite are reduced to dinitrogen gas). "ns" indicates experiments were run but rates were not significant (p=0.05).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/962853.rdf
Name: Denit_SE
Units: nanomoles per liter per day
Description: <p>Standard error of denitrification rate. "ns" indicates experiments were run but rates were not significant (p=0.05).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/962854.rdf
Name: DNRA_rates
Units: nanomoles per liter per day
Description: <p>Dissimiliatory nitrite reduction to ammonium rate (rate at which nitrite is converted to ammonium). "ns" indicates experiments were run but rates were not significant (p=0.05).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/962855.rdf
Name: DNRA_SE
Units: nanomoles per liter per day
Description: <p>Standard error of dissimiliatory nitrite reduction to ammonium rate. "ns" indicates experiments were run but rates were not significant (p=0.05).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/962856.rdf
Name: NitOx_Rates
Units: nanomoles per liter per day
Description: <p>Nitrite oxidation rates (rate at which nitrite is oxidized to nitrate). "ns" indicates experiments were run but rates were not significant (p=0.05).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/962857.rdf
Name: NitOx_SE
Units: nanomoles per liter per day
Description: <p>Standard error of nitrite oxidation rates. "ns" indicates experiments were run but rates were not significant (p=0.05).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/962858.rdf
Name: DarkCfix_rates
Units: nanomoles per liter per day
Description: <p>Dark carbon fixation rates (rate at which inorganic carbon is incorporated into cellular biomass). "ns" indicates experiments were run but rates were not significant (p=0.05).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/962859.rdf
Name: DardCfix_SE
Units: nanomoles per liter per day
Description: <p>Standard error of dark carbon fixation rates. "ns" indicates experiments were run but rates were not significant (p=0.05).</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/962860.rdf
Name: Notes
Units: units
Description: <p>Notes</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
9970
https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/7f987442-2c43-4a18-b5c2-b00bbbce14fc/content
download
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.962576.1
download
onLine
dataset
<p><strong><u>Sample collection</u></strong></p>
<p>For all rate experiments, water was sampled through gas-tight Viton tubing into vials or glass bottles filling from the bottom with three times overflow. Vials or bottles were closed bubble-free with deoxygenated butyl rubber stoppers and kept cool/dark until return to the laboratory. Collection vessels included 20-mL glass vials (2021) or 250-mL glass serum bottles (2022) for N<sub>2</sub>O production experiments, 500-mL glass bottles for N<sub>2</sub>O consumption, anaerobic ammonia oxidation, denitrification, dissimilatory nitrite reduction to ammonium, and nitrite oxidation experiments, and 250-mL glass serum bottles for dark carbon fixation experiments.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong><u>Experimental set-up</u></strong></p>
<p><strong>Laboratory set up for N<sub>2</sub>O production: </strong>In 2021, a 2-mL N<sub>2</sub> headspace was introduced in each 20-mL vial before it underwent 2 cycles composed of 30 seconds of vigorous shaking followed by 30 seconds of flushing with N<sub>2</sub>. Each vial was then amended with one of three <sup>15</sup>N-labeled tracer solutions (<sup>15</sup>NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>/<sup>14</sup>NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>, <sup>15</sup>NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>/<sup>14</sup>NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>, <sup>15</sup>NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>/<sup>14</sup>NH<sub>4</sub>) to quantify rates of N<sub>2</sub>O production from NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> oxidation and NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> and NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup> reduction. Each tracer solution was added to six vials for a 2 µmol·L<sup>-1</sup> increase in the concentration of both the <sup>15</sup>N and <sup>14</sup>N &nbsp;substrates. In 2022, a helium headspace was added to 250-mL bottles followed immediately by purging of the water for 30 minutes with helium. Each bottle was then amended with one of the three tracer solutions and the liquid dispensed into replicate 12-mL exetainer vials for incubation. Each vial was injected with 1µM unlabeled <sup>14</sup>N<sub>2</sub>O to stem the loss of <sup>15</sup>N-labeled N<sub>2</sub>O to other processes (2022 only). In both years, vials were incubated in the dark at in situ temperature and were terminated at 0 and 12 hours (2021) or 0, 9, and 18 hours (2022) by injection of saturated mercuric chloride.</p>
<p><strong>Laboratory set up for N<sub>2</sub>O consumption: </strong>A headspace was introduced followed immediately by purging of the water for 30 minutes with helium. Water was dispensed with &gt; 2 volumes overflow into 12-mL exetainer vials that were immediately closed with deoxygenated chlorobutyl rubber septa. Each vial received a 2-mL helium headspace before undergoing 2 cycles composed of 30 seconds of vigorous shaking followed by 30 seconds of flushing with helium.&nbsp; Each vial was then injected with <sup>15</sup>N<sub>2</sub>O (1 µM) and incubated in the dark at in situ temperature, and were terminated at four time points, 0, 6, 12 and 24 hours, by injection of saturated mercuric chloride.</p>
<p><strong>Laboratory set up for</strong><strong> anaerobic ammonia oxidation, denitrification, dissimilatory nitrite reduction to ammonium, and nitrite oxidation: </strong>A headspace was introduced and <sup>15</sup>NO<sub>2</sub> added (5 µM) followed immediately by purging of the water for 30 minutes with helium. Water was dispensed with &gt; 2 volumes overflow into 12-mL exetainer vials that were immediately closed with deoxygenated chlorobutyl rubber septa. Each vial received a 2-mL helium headspace before undergoing 2 cycles composed of 30 seconds of vigorous shaking followed by 30 seconds of flushing with helium.&nbsp; Vials were then incubated in the dark at in situ temperature, and were terminated at four time points, 0, 6, 12 and 24 hours, by injection of saturated mercuric chloride.</p>
<p><strong>Laboratory set up for dark carbon fixation:</strong> <sup>13</sup>C-DIC was introduced into each serum bottle and a 20-mL helium headspace inserted, before undergoing 2 cycles composed of 30 seconds of vigorous shaking followed by 30 seconds of flushing with helium.&nbsp; A sample of the headspace was placed into a 3 mL glass vial, and preserved with mercuric chloride, headspace free for labeling percentage determination (averaged 20 %). Serum bottles were then incubated in the dark at in situ temperature, and duplicate bottles were terminated at two time points 0 and 24 hours by filtration onto pre-combusted glass fiber filters (GF-75). Filters were subsequently oven dried and stored at room temperature until analysis.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
<p><strong>N<sub>2</sub>O production: </strong>In 2021, rates of <sup>15</sup>N<sub>2</sub>O production were calculated using equations in Ji et al (2020) and the bulk d<sup>15</sup>N-N<sub>2</sub>O measured by CRDS in each experimental vial. The <sup>15</sup>N enrichment of each substrate pool (F) was calculated from stock tracer solution concentrations, confirmed using an Astoria Nutrient Autoanalyzer following the methodology of Barwell-Clarke and Whitney 1996, and a tracer addition volume of 0.1 mL. For 2022 experiments, the production of <sup>15</sup>N<sup>15</sup>N and <sup>15</sup>N<sup>15</sup>N<sup>18</sup>O were measured on a coupled gas chromatograph-isotope ratio mass spectrometer (GC-IRMS) and corrected for the labelling in the initial substrate pool (Bourbonnais et al 2021, Dalsgaard et al 2012). The <sup>15</sup>N enrichment of each substrate pool (F) was determined by the concentrations of substrate before and after tracer addition as in (Dalsgaard et al 2012).</p>
<p><strong>N<sub>2</sub>O consumption: </strong>The production of <sup>15</sup>N<sup>15</sup>N was analyzed on a gas chromatography isotope ratio mass spectrometer (Dalsgaard et al 2012).</p>
<p><strong>Anaerobic ammonia oxidation and Denitrification: </strong>The production of <sup>14</sup>N<sup>15</sup>N and <sup>15</sup>N<sup>15</sup>N was analyzed on a GC-IRMS and corrected for the labelling in the initial substrate pool (Dalsgaard et al 2012).</p>
<p><strong>Dissimilatory nitrite reduction to ammonium: </strong>After conversion of <sup>15</sup>NH<sub>4</sub> to N<sub>2</sub> with alkaline hypobromite (Warembourg 1993) the production of <sup>14</sup>N<sup>15</sup>N and <sup>15</sup>N<sup>15</sup>N was analyzed on a GC-IRMS and corrected for the labelling in the initial substrate pool (Dalsgaard et al 2012).</p>
<p><strong>Nitrite oxidation:</strong> After conversion of <sup>15</sup>NO<sub>3</sub> to N<sub>2</sub> with cadmium/sulfamic acid (Bristow et al 2016), the production of <sup>14</sup>N<sup>15</sup>N and <sup>15</sup>N<sup>15</sup>N was analyzed on a GC-IRMS and corrected for the labelling in the initial substrate pool (Dalsgaard et al 2012).</p>
<p><strong>Dark carbon fixation:</strong> After acidification, the <sup>13</sup>C enrichment was analysed by an elemental analyzer - isotope ratio mass spectrometer.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
* converted nd to blanks (no data, i.e., experiments were not run)
* converted dates and times to ISO formats
Specified by BCO-DMO Data Managers
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
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For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
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Picarro Cavity Ring-Down Spectrometer
Picarro Cavity Ring-Down Spectrometer
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Picarro Cavity Ring-Down Spectrometer PI Supplied Instrument Description:Picarro Cavity Ring-Down Spectrometer: Used for measurement of nitrous oxide concentrations, both natural and in 15N-tracer experiments from 2021. Instrument Name: Cavity enhanced absorption spectrometers Instrument Short Name:CEAS Instrument Description: Instruments that illuminate a sample inside an optical cavity, typically using laser light, and measure the concentration or amount of a species in gas phase by absorption spectroscopy. Techniques include cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) and integrated cavity output spectroscopy (ICOS).
Trilogy Fluorometer - Turner Designs
Trilogy Fluorometer - Turner Designs
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Trilogy Fluorometer - Turner Designs PI Supplied Instrument Description:Trilogy Fluorometer (Turner Designs): Ammonium concentration measurements Instrument Name: Fluorometer Instrument Short Name:Fluorometer Instrument Description: A fluorometer or fluorimeter is a device used to measure parameters of fluorescence: its intensity and wavelength distribution of emission spectrum after excitation by a certain spectrum of light. The instrument is designed to measure the amount of stimulated electromagnetic radiation produced by pulses of electromagnetic radiation emitted into a water sample or in situ. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/113/
Delta V Plus Isotope Ratio mass spectrometer
Delta V Plus Isotope Ratio mass spectrometer
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Delta V Plus Isotope Ratio mass spectrometer PI Supplied Instrument Description:Delta V Plus Isotope Ratio mass spectrometer: Used for measurement of 15N-dinitrogen and -nitrous oxide from 15N-tracer experiments. Instrument Name: Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer Instrument Short Name:IR Mass Spec; IRMS Instrument Description: The Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer is a particular type of mass spectrometer used to measure the relative abundance of isotopes in a given sample (e.g. VG Prism II Isotope Ratio Mass-Spectrometer). Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB16/
Small rosette containing 12 x 2.5L Niskin bottles
Small rosette containing 12 x 2.5L Niskin bottles
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Small rosette containing 12 x 2.5L Niskin bottles PI Supplied Instrument Description:12-bottle sampling rosette: Small rosette containing 12 x 2.5L Niskin bottles was used for all sample collections. Instrument Name: Niskin bottle Instrument Short Name:Niskin bottle Instrument Description: A Niskin bottle (a next generation water sampler based on the Nansen bottle) is a cylindrical, non-metallic water collection device with stoppers at both ends. The bottles can be attached individually on a hydrowire or deployed in 12, 24, or 36 bottle Rosette systems mounted on a frame and combined with a CTD. Niskin bottles are used to collect discrete water samples for a range of measurements including pigments, nutrients, plankton, etc. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/TOOL0412/
Astoria Nutrient Analyzer
Astoria Nutrient Analyzer
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Astoria Nutrient Analyzer PI Supplied Instrument Description:Astoria Nutrient Analyzer: Nitrate and nitrite concentration measurements Instrument Name: Nutrient Autoanalyzer Instrument Short Name:Nutrient Autoanalyzer Instrument Description: Nutrient Autoanalyzer is a generic term used when specific type, make and model were not specified. In general, a Nutrient Autoanalyzer is an automated flow-thru system for doing nutrient analysis (nitrate, ammonium, orthophosphate, and silicate) on seawater samples. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB04/
High-sensitivity oxygen sensor
High-sensitivity oxygen sensor
PI Supplied Instrument Name: High-sensitivity oxygen sensor PI Supplied Instrument Description:High-sensitivity oxygen sensor: More accurate oxygen measurements from nanomolar concentrations Instrument Name: Oxygen Sensor Instrument Short Name:Dissolved Oxygen Sensor Instrument Description: An electronic device that measures the proportion of oxygen (O2) in the gas or liquid being analyzed
Seabird SBE 19plus
Seabird SBE 19plus
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Seabird SBE 19plus PI Supplied Instrument Description:Seabird SBE 19plus CTD: Oceanographic data collection Instrument Name: Sea-Bird SBE 19plus V2 SEACAT CTD Instrument Short Name:Sea-Bird SEACAT 19 Plus V2 Instrument Description: Self-contained self-powered CTD profiler. Measures conductivity, temperature and pressure (Digiquartz sensor) in both profiling (samples at 4 scans/sec) and moored (sample rates of once every 5 seconds to once every 9 hours) mode. Available in plastic or titanium housing with depth ranges of 600m and 7000m respectively. Miniature submersible pump provides water to the conductivity cell. Compared to the previous 19plus, the V2 incorporates an electronics upgrade and additional features, with six differentially amplified A/D input channels, one RS-232 data input channel, and 64 MB FLASH memory.
Seabird SBE 43 oxygen sensor
Seabird SBE 43 oxygen sensor
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Seabird SBE 43 oxygen sensor PI Supplied Instrument Description:Seabird SBE 43 oxygen sensor: Measuring real-time, in-situ oxygen concentrations across the hypoxic/anoxic boundary (low micromolar detection limit) Instrument Name: Sea-Bird SBE 43 Dissolved Oxygen Sensor Instrument Short Name:SBE-43 DO Instrument Description: The Sea-Bird SBE 43 dissolved oxygen sensor is a redesign of the Clark polarographic membrane type of dissolved oxygen sensors. more information from Sea-Bird Electronics Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/TOOL0036/
Cruise: JS202206
JS202206
R/V John Strickland
Community Standard Description
NERC Vocabulary Server
R/V John Strickland
vessel
JS202206
Sheryl Murdock
Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences
http://hdl.handle.net/1834/43479
Report describing JS202206
Cruise: JS202108
JS202108
R/V John Strickland
Community Standard Description
NERC Vocabulary Server
R/V John Strickland
vessel
JS202108
Sheryl Murdock
Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences
http://hdl.handle.net/1834/43479
Report describing JS202108
R/V John Strickland
Community Standard Description
NERC Vocabulary Server
R/V John Strickland
vessel