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            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/964701.rdf" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Background bioacoustics data from passive acoustic recorders deployed in Harrington Sound, Bermuda in October of 2022</gmx:Anchor>
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            <gco:CharacterString>Cite this dataset as: Ajemian, M., Hampton, C. M. (2025) Background bioacoustics data from passive acoustic recorders deployed in Harrington Sound, Bermuda in October of 2022. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2025-06-11 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/964701 [access date]</gco:CharacterString>
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        <gco:CharacterString>Dataset Description: &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Updates are planned for this dataset to extend the time range into 2027 as part of this project.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt; Methods and Sampling: &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;We used Loggerhead Instruments SNAP systems and Cyclops to perform these recording experiments. Recorders were placed on a concrete mooring and strapped to a vertical PVC pipe in an upright orientation (SNAP), or positioned horizontally (Cyclops). All moorings were marked with surface flotation for initial deployments (10/11/22) but were later abandoned due to concerns regarding ambient noise generation. Recordings (.wav) were continuous, with each file set to record for 300 sec at 44.1 kHz and +2.0 DB on the gain setting. Times were recorded in local (Atlantic Daylight Time) to facilitate comparisons with other sampling events occurring on site.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;SNAP recorders were initially deployed at 4 shallow, sandy spots on 10/11 (Trinity Church, Cockroach, Major's Bay, and Tucker's Bay) as these were locations where high benthic invertebrate abundances and/or foraging effects were previously recorded. These were all moved to Trunk Island and Shark Hole on 10/13 for attenuation experiments where bivalves were fractured at various (4) distances from a source. Later that same day, the four SNAP systems were redeployed across 4 new sites (Shark Hole, Middle Mount, Easter, and Crow Island) for additional ambient monitoring. Loggerhead Cyclops systems recorded audio in similar ways but only for short durations due to battery limitations. The Cyclops system was deployed at Trunk Island on 10/11, retrieved from Trunk Island on 10/14, and redeployed at the Bermuda Aquarium, Museum, and Zoo (BAMZ) on 10/17 for another ~36 h deployment. All systems were retrieved on 10/18 and memory cards downloaded for permanent storage.&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The following Loggerhead Instruments systems were used during this sampling event (with serial numbers):&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;* SNAP 1 = 9040036131081365&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
* SNAP 2 = 9040035981409044&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
* SNAP 3 = 9040036052785299&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
* SNAP 4 = 9040036452392085&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
*&amp;amp;nbsp;Cyclops = 0423322906173210&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;</gco:CharacterString>
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        <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/award/872958.rdf" xlink:title="OCE-2143655" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-2143655 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=2143655</gmx:Anchor>
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&lt;p&gt;Our scientific understanding of the ecological role of large mobile durophages (i.e., shell-crushing predators) is limited due to challenges presented by the elusive nature of these species. These shortcomings hinder our scientific understanding of their role in benthic community dynamics. Filling such knowledge gaps requires novel approaches that can detect and classify predator-prey interactions in situ. Using multiple large predator models (rays, sea turtles, fish, and crabs), the project will: 1) capture and characterize predator feeding (shell-crushing) sounds and shell fragmentation patterns, 2) understand in situ detection constraints of the predation signal within the context of natural underwater noise using simulations, and 3) quantify the distribution of predator foraging impacts across two model seascapes in Bermuda and Florida via integration of habitat- and individual-based (animal tags) passive acoustics. Detection and classification (by both predator and prey) will be completed using novel application of machine-learning techniques, which will be used to automate predation event extraction from extensive data archives. Recording equipment will be strategically distributed across seascapes to permit a multi-scale understanding of durophagy and testing of theoretical models of predation (e.g., optimal/central place foraging). Long-term monitoring will also provide an opportunity to assess the role of environmental/oceanographic variables in driving these interactions. Consequently, this work will fill a large knowledge gap in the dynamics of marine food webs.&lt;/p&gt;</gco:CharacterString>
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http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/986321.rdf
	Name: File_Name
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                <gco:CharacterString>&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;We used Loggerhead Instruments SNAP systems and Cyclops to perform these recording experiments. Recorders were placed on a concrete mooring and strapped to a vertical PVC pipe in an upright orientation (SNAP), or positioned horizontally (Cyclops). All moorings were marked with surface flotation for initial deployments (10/11/22) but were later abandoned due to concerns regarding ambient noise generation. Recordings (.wav) were continuous, with each file set to record for 300 sec at 44.1 kHz and +2.0 DB on the gain setting. Times were recorded in local (Atlantic Daylight Time) to facilitate comparisons with other sampling events occurring on site.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;SNAP recorders were initially deployed at 4 shallow, sandy spots on 10/11 (Trinity Church, Cockroach, Major's Bay, and Tucker's Bay) as these were locations where high benthic invertebrate abundances and/or foraging effects were previously recorded. These were all moved to Trunk Island and Shark Hole on 10/13 for attenuation experiments where bivalves were fractured at various (4) distances from a source. Later that same day, the four SNAP systems were redeployed across 4 new sites (Shark Hole, Middle Mount, Easter, and Crow Island) for additional ambient monitoring. Loggerhead Cyclops systems recorded audio in similar ways but only for short durations due to battery limitations. The Cyclops system was deployed at Trunk Island on 10/11, retrieved from Trunk Island on 10/14, and redeployed at the Bermuda Aquarium, Museum, and Zoo (BAMZ) on 10/17 for another ~36 h deployment. All systems were retrieved on 10/18 and memory cards downloaded for permanent storage.&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The following Loggerhead Instruments systems were used during this sampling event (with serial numbers):&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;* SNAP 1 = 9040036131081365&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
* SNAP 2 = 9040035981409044&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
* SNAP 3 = 9040036052785299&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
* SNAP 4 = 9040036452392085&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
*&amp;amp;nbsp;Cyclops = 0423322906173210&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;</gco:CharacterString>
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&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Data (.wav) file names represent the following fields (constant fields are in bold and surrounded by italics):&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

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&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Where Y = year, M = month, D = day, H = hour, M = month, S = second.&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
Note: For Cyclops audio the 16 digit serial and gain setting are not incorporated into the audio filenames, which are otherwise in the same format.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;</gco:CharacterString>
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          </gmd:processStep>
        <gmd:processStep xlink:title="BCO-DMO Data Processing Description">
              <gmd:LI_ProcessStep>
                <gmd:description>
                  <gco:CharacterString>* Merged .wav inventory file with deployment information
* Added .wav files to dataset page in folders per serial number
* Converted datetimes to ISO format</gco:CharacterString>
                </gmd:description>
                <gmd:source>
                  <gmd:LI_Source>
                    <gmd:sourceCitation>
                      <gmd:CI_Citation>
                        <gmd:title>
                          <gco:CharacterString>Specified by BCO-DMO Data Managers</gco:CharacterString>
                        </gmd:title>
                        <gmd:date gco:nilReason="unknown"/>
                      </gmd:CI_Citation>
                    </gmd:sourceCitation>
                  </gmd:LI_Source>
                </gmd:source>
              </gmd:LI_ProcessStep>
            </gmd:processStep>
          </gmd:LI_Lineage>
      </gmd:lineage>
   </gmd:DQ_DataQuality>
  </gmd:dataQualityInfo>
  <gmd:metadataMaintenance>
    <gmd:MD_MaintenanceInformation>
      <gmd:maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency>
        <gmd:MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode" codeListValue="asNeeded" codeSpace="009">asNeeded</gmd:MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode>
      </gmd:maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency>
      <gmd:maintenanceNote>
        <gco:CharacterString>7.x-1.1</gco:CharacterString>
      </gmd:maintenanceNote>
      <gmd:contact>
        <gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
  <gmd:organisationName>
    <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/affiliation/191.rdf" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)</gmx:Anchor>
  </gmd:organisationName>
  <gmd:contactInfo>
    <gmd:CI_Contact>
		  <gmd:phone>
		    <gmd:CI_Telephone>
				  <gmd:voice>
				    <gco:CharacterString>Unavailable</gco:CharacterString>
				  </gmd:voice>
				  <gmd:facsimile>
				    <gco:CharacterString>508-289-2009</gco:CharacterString>
				  </gmd:facsimile>
				</gmd:CI_Telephone>
		  </gmd:phone>
		  <gmd:address>
		    <gmd:CI_Address>
				  <gmd:deliveryPoint>
				    <gco:CharacterString>WHOI MS#36</gco:CharacterString>
				  </gmd:deliveryPoint>
				  <gmd:city>
				    <gco:CharacterString>Woods Hole</gco:CharacterString>
				  </gmd:city>
				  <gmd:administrativeArea>
				    <gco:CharacterString>MA</gco:CharacterString>
				  </gmd:administrativeArea>
				  <gmd:postalCode>
				    <gco:CharacterString>02543</gco:CharacterString>
				  </gmd:postalCode>
				  <gmd:country>
				    <gco:CharacterString>USA</gco:CharacterString>
				  </gmd:country>
				  <gmd:electronicMailAddress>
				    <gco:CharacterString>info@bco-dmo.org</gco:CharacterString>
				  </gmd:electronicMailAddress>
		    </gmd:CI_Address>
		  </gmd:address>
      <gmd:onlineResource>
          <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
            <gmd:linkage>
              <gmd:URL>http://www.bco-dmo.org</gmd:URL>
            </gmd:linkage>
          </gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
        </gmd:onlineResource>
		  <gmd:hoursOfService>
        <gco:CharacterString>Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm</gco:CharacterString>
      </gmd:hoursOfService>
		  <gmd:contactInstructions>
		    <gco:CharacterString>For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.</gco:CharacterString>
		  </gmd:contactInstructions>
		</gmd:CI_Contact>
  </gmd:contactInfo>
  <gmd:role>
    <gmd:CI_RoleCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode" codeListValue="pointOfContact"  codeSpace="007">pointOfContact</gmd:CI_RoleCode>
  </gmd:role>
</gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
      </gmd:contact>
    </gmd:MD_MaintenanceInformation>
  </gmd:metadataMaintenance>
  <gmi:acquisitionInformation>
    <gmi:MI_AcquisitionInformation>
    <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument>
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/instrument/628727.rdf" xlink:title="Acoustic Recorder" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Loggerhead SNAP &amp; Cyclops</gmx:Anchor>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>Loggerhead SNAP &amp; Cyclops</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>PI Supplied Instrument Name: Loggerhead SNAP &amp; Cyclops PI Supplied Instrument Description:Loggerhead Instruments SNAP systems (https://www.loggerhead.com/snap) Instrument Name: Acoustic Recorder Instrument Short Name:   Instrument Description: An acoustic recorder senses and records acoustic signals from the environment.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      </gmi:MI_AcquisitionInformation>
  </gmi:acquisitionInformation>
</gmi:MI_Metadata>
