19:I[42426,["/_next/static/immutable/chunks/1xctgzqre-wsy.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/06_-wz6pdtp2b.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/30e52g49hg40p.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/02yq6tul2z-oh.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/10bx_ec2vj7n_.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/33bfn03fo8xnt.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/0tfjf78scu61b.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/31xnvej4n1bi9.js"],"default"] 1a:T8bf,

Water was collected via Niskin bottles mounted on a rosette, equipped with a CTD in the Western North Atlantic aboard R/V Atlantic Explorer, cruise AE2413 in May 2024. Sampling was done at the following locations:

stn24: 34.99333, -73.03333
stn25: 34.99685, -68.24842
stn26: 42.17828, -60.0479

At each station, seawater was transferred to 20 L carboys that were rinsed three times with water from the sampling depth and then filled with seawater from a single Niskin bottle, using silicone tubing that had been acid washed then rinsed with distilled water prior to use. From each carboy, water was dispensed into smaller glass containers that were cleaned and pre-rinsed three times with water from the carboy prior to dispensing. This water was used to measure cell counts, and the activities of polysaccharide hydrolases under varying hydrostatic pressures (0.1, 20, and 40 MPa). A separate glass Duran bottle was filled with seawater from the carboy and sterilized in an autoclave for over 30 minutes to serve as a killed control for various measurements.

For each substrate and time point, three 3 mL Exetainer vials were filled with seawater and one 3 mL Exetainer vial was filled with autoclaved seawater to serve as a killed control. Substrate was added at 3.5 μM monomer-equivalent concentrations, except for fucoidan, which was added at 5 μM concentrations (a higher concentration was necessary for sufficient fluorescence signal). Two 3 mL Exetainer vials – one with seawater and one with autoclaved seawater – with no added substrate served as blank controls. Vials for each substrate were pressurized to either 0.1, 20, or 40 MPa in individual pressure vessels for each time point and stored in the dark at 4ºC for 0, 5, 12, or 22 days.

At each time point, three pressure vessels were depressurized (one at 0.1, 20, and 40 MPa), vials were removed and using a sterile syringe, incubations were filtered through a 0.2 μm pore size syringe filter, and stored frozen until analysis.

Hydrolysis rates were calculated from the change in molecular weight distribution of the substrate over time, as described in detail in Arnosti (2003).

1b:T7f1,Heterotrophic bacteria and archaea (here: microbes) are critical drivers of the ocean’s biogeochemical cycles, active throughout the depth of the ocean. Their capabilities and limitations help determine the rates and locations at which carbon and nutrients are regenerated, as well as the extent to which organic matter is preserved (Hedges 1992). In the deep ocean, at bathy- and abyssopelagic depths (ca. 1000-6000m), these communities are dependent upon the sinking flux of particulate organic matter (POM) from the surface ocean (Bergauer et al. 2018). This dependence means that heterotrophic microbial communities must produce the extracellular enzymes required to solubilize and hydrolyze high molecular weight (HMW) POM to sizes substrates suitable for cellular uptake. A recent global-scale investigation of deep-sea microbes in fact found that the genetic potential for exported (extracellular) enzymes among bacteria in deep waters was far greater than for communities in surface or mesopelagic waters (Zhao et al. 2020). We have new evidence that a substantial fraction of bacteria in bottom water from the North Atlantic Ocean use a specialized set of extracellular enzymes to rapidly take up HMW polysaccharides (Giljan et al. 2021), a substrate processing mechanism that would not be detected with the low molecular weight substrates used in most prior studies of microbial activity in the deep ocean (Nagata et al. 2010). Through our collaboration with the Danish Center for Hadal Research, we were able to use pressurization systems and in situ specialized equipment to investigate the effects of pressures characteristic of bathy- and abyssopelagic depths on microbial communities and their extracellular enzymes in the open North Atlantic Ocean. Here we present the measurement of polysaccharide hydrolase activities above that measured for killed controls from various sites under varying hydrostatic pressures in the Western North Atlantic aboard R/V Atlantic Explorer, cruise AE2413 in May 2024. 1c:Tdbf,NSF Award Abstract: Microbes are important players in the carbon cycle in the ocean. These organisms consume organic carbon and produce carbon dioxide in marine systems. Because the average depth of the ocean is 4000 m, microbes must work at high pressures typical of the deep ocean (>1000 m). Although high pressure is known to affect marine microbes, their carbon cycling activities have mostly been measured at surface ocean pressures. As a result, it remains unknown how closely these measurements reflect the activities of deep-sea microbes at high pressures. As a result of collaborations with scientists in Denmark and Germany, this project will be able to use special equipment to investigate the effects of high pressures on marine microbes and their carbon cycling activities. This work is necessary to quantify rates of carbon cycling and identify the microbes involved, especially in deep waters. The project will provide training for diverse undergraduate and graduate students, and a postdoc who will conduct novel research in the U.S., Denmark, and Germany, both at sea and in the lab. The scientists will also teach middle school students about the role of microbes in the carbon cycle and pressure effects on life in the ocean. The project will provide internships for high school students, focusing on first-generation students who would like to go to college. This work may aid in future efforts to identify enzymes that function well under high pressure. Heterotrophic microbes (e.g., bacteria and archaea) are found throughout the ocean. Their biogeochemical functions help determine the rates and locations at which carbon and nutrients are regenerated, as well as the extent to which organic matter is preserved. Although research has shown that pressure profoundly affects the activities of marine microbes, most investigations of microbial communities of the deep sea are conducted at atmospheric pressure, due to the limited availability of specialized equipment. In collaboration with the Danish Center for Hadal Research at the University of Southern Denmark, this study will identify the effects of pressure on microbial communities and their extracellular enzymes of pressures characteristic of bathy- and abyssopelagic depths. At sea and in the lab, the scientific team will compare the effects of depressurization on the activities of enzymes produced by microbial communities of the deep ocean, as well as the effects of high pressure on surface-water derived enzymes and communities. Fieldwork will take place in Danish coastal waters, well as in the open North Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Using pressurization systems and in situ incubations, this study will measure hydrolysis rates of peptides and polysaccharides, two of the major classes of marine organic matter. Project activities will also focus on developing the means to measure enzyme activities in situ in the deep ocean. In collaboration with colleagues from the Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology in Germany, this proect will additionally investigate whether pressure affects the selfish uptake of polysaccharides. These studies will provide new insight into understudied but key factors that help determine the fate of organic matter in the deep ocean. This project is funded by the Biological and Chemical Oceanography Programs. This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.6:["$","$L19",null,{"dataset":{"_id":"968956","description":"","problem":"Station 26 DCM was not measured due to sampling error.","acquisition":"$1a","processing":"

Hydrolysis rates were calculated from the change in molecular weight distribution of the substrate over time, as described in detail in Arnosti (2003). Scripts to calculate hydrolysis rates are available in the associated Github repository (Hoarfrost, 2017).

\n\n","bcodmoProcessing":"- Imported \"20250505_BCODMO_AE2413_FlaPS-bulk.csv\" into BCO-DMO system\r\n-Convert date to ISO YYYY-MM-DD date format\r\n-Create ISO datetime, using \"date\" and \"time\"\r\n-Renamed fields to remove spaces and special characters in keeping with BCO-DMO system and style guidelines\r\n-Exported file as \"968956_v1_ae2413_flaps_bulk.csv\"","title":"Polysaccharide hydrolase activities from water samples collected at various sites under varying hydrostatic pressures in the Western North Atlantic aboard R/V Atlantic Explorer cruise AE2413 in May 2024","nickname":"AE2413 FlaPS bulk","dataUrl":"","currentState":"Final no updates expected","currentStateId":"7","validated":true,"restricted":false,"version":"1","version_date":"2025-07-23T04:00:00.000Z","abstract":"$1b","citation":"Lloyd, C., Hennessey, E., Arnosti, C., Ghobrial, S. (2025) Polysaccharide hydrolase activities from water samples collected at various sites under varying hydrostatic pressures in the Western North Atlantic aboard R/V Atlantic Explorer cruise AE2413 in May 2024. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2025-07-23 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.968956.1 [access date]","citationParts":{"identifier":"doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.968956.1","versionDate":"2025-07-23","versionId":"1","year":"2025","title":"Polysaccharide hydrolase activities from water samples collected at various sites under varying hydrostatic pressures in the Western North Atlantic aboard R/V Atlantic Explorer cruise AE2413 in May 2024","authors":"Lloyd, C., Hennessey, E., Arnosti, C., Ghobrial, S.","publisher":"Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)."},"doi":"10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.968956.1","release_date":null,"field_dataset_location":"Western North Atlantic stations 35° 00' N, 73° 03' W; 35° 00' N, 68° 15' W; 42° 10' N, 60° 02' W. Total water column depths were 4260m, 5280m, and 4310m. Various depths sampled.","temporal_extent":{"start":"2024-05-10T04:00:00.000Z","end":"2024-05-19T04:00:00.000Z"},"temporal":{"resolution":"time:unitDay","type":"time:Interval","start":{"value":"1715313600","label":"2024-05-10"},"end":{"value":"1716091200","label":"2024-05-19"}},"spatial_extent":{"shape":"polygon","center":{"latitude":38.585805,"longitude":-66.540615},"wkt":"POLYGON ((-73.03333 34.99333, -60.0479 34.99333, -60.0479 42.17828, -73.03333 42.17828, -73.03333 34.99333))","north":42.17828,"east":-60.0479,"south":34.99333,"west":-73.03333},"dataset_type":["Cruise Results","Other Field Results"],"keywords":["biota","oceans"],"data_files":[{"id":"969659","title":"968956_v1_ae2413_flaps_bulk.csv","url":"https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/dataset/968956/file/jAjDgmNSZPXBM/968956_v1_ae2413_flaps_bulk.csv","showTableUrl":"https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/968956/data/view/969659","description":"Primary data file for dataset ID 968956, version 1","filename":"968956_v1_ae2413_flaps_bulk.csv","bytesize":109469,"checksum":{"value":"bc5c285fcab013192cc1ad3c98d32eaa","Algorithm":{"_id":"190","name":"MD5"}},"mimetype":"text/csv","fileType":{"_id":"192","name":"Comma Separated Values (.csv)"},"isErddap":"bcodmo_dataset_968956_v1","date":"","isPublicDuringEmbargo":false,"primaryDataFile":true,"showTable":true,"restricted":false}],"supplemental_files":[],"roles":[{"role":{"_id":"138","name":"Principal Investigator"},"performedBy":{"_id":"661940","name":"Carol Arnosti"},"performedAtOrganization":{"_id":"20","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill"}},{"role":{"_id":"130","name":"Scientist"},"performedBy":{"_id":"956112","name":"Chad Lloyd"},"performedAtOrganization":{"_id":"20","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill"}},{"role":{"_id":"128","name":"Student"},"performedBy":{"_id":"963400","name":"Eleanor Hennessey"},"performedAtOrganization":{"_id":"20","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill"}},{"role":{"_id":"137","name":"Data Manager"},"performedBy":{"_id":"890958","name":"Sherif Ghobrial"},"performedAtOrganization":{"_id":"20","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill"}},{"role":{"_id":"145","name":"BCO-DMO Data Manager"},"performedBy":{"_id":"924467","name":"Audrey Mickle"},"performedAtOrganization":{"_id":"191","name":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution"}}],"deployments":[{"_id":"963451","name":"AE2413","synonyms":[],"dates":{"start":"2024-05-08T00:00:00.000Z","end":"2024-05-28T00:00:00.000Z"},"platform":{"_id":"54122","name":"R/V Atlantic Explorer"},"chiefScientists":[{"id":"896809","name":"John Paul Balmonte","role":"Chief Scientist"}]}],"funding":[{"_id":"896811","name":"OCE-2241720","fundingSource":{"_id":"355","name":"NSF Division of Ocean Sciences"},"url":"https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=2241720"}],"instruments":[{"_id":"969046","name":"CTD","description":"Water was collected via Niskin bottles mounted on a rosette, equipped with a CTD.","type_id":"591","type_name":"CTD Sea-Bird SBE 911plus","type_desc":"The Sea-Bird SBE 911 plus is a type of CTD instrument package for continuous measurement of conductivity, temperature and pressure. The SBE 911 plus includes the SBE 9plus Underwater Unit and the SBE 11plus Deck Unit (for real-time readout using conductive wire) for deployment from a vessel. The combination of the SBE 9 plus and SBE 11 plus is called a SBE 911 plus. The SBE 9 plus uses Sea-Bird's standard modular temperature and conductivity sensors (SBE 3 plus and SBE 4). The SBE 9 plus CTD can be configured with up to eight auxiliary sensors to measure other parameters including dissolved oxygen, pH, turbidity, fluorescence, light (PAR), light transmission, etc.). more information from Sea-Bird Electronics","type_acronym":"CTD SBE 911plus"},{"_id":"968975","name":"High-Performance Liquid Chromatograph","description":"HPLC system with Hitachi fluorescence detectors (L-7485, L-2485, Chromaster - 5440)","type_id":"506","type_name":"High-Performance Liquid Chromatograph","type_desc":"A High-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) is a type of liquid chromatography used to separate compounds that are dissolved in solution. HPLC instruments consist of a reservoir of the mobile phase, a pump, an injector, a separation column, and a detector. Compounds are separated by high pressure pumping of the sample mixture onto a column packed with microspheres coated with the stationary phase. The different components in the mixture pass through the column at different rates due to differences in their partitioning behavior between the mobile liquid phase and the stationary phase.","type_acronym":"HPLC"},{"_id":"969048","name":"Niskin bottle","description":"Water was collected via Niskin bottles mounted on a rosette, equipped with a CTD.","type_id":"413","type_name":"Niskin bottle","type_desc":"A Niskin bottle (a next generation water sampler based on the Nansen bottle) is a cylindrical, non-metallic water collection device with stoppers at both ends. The bottles can be attached individually on a hydrowire or deployed in 12, 24, or 36 bottle Rosette systems mounted on a frame and combined with a CTD. Niskin bottles are used to collect discrete water samples for a range of measurements including pigments, nutrients, plankton, etc.","type_acronym":"Niskin bottle"},{"_id":"969047","name":"Pressure vessels","description":"Vials for each substrate were pressurized to either 0.1, 20, or 40 MPa in individual pressure vessels for each time point and stored in the dark at 4ºC for 0, 5, 12, or 22 days.","type_id":"923517","type_name":"Pressure Vessel","type_desc":"A pressure vessel is a container designed to hold gases or liquids at a pressure substantially different from the ambient pressure. Construction methods and materials may be chosen to suit the pressure application, and will depend on the size of the vessel, the contents, working pressure, mass constraints, and the number of items required. Examples include glassware, autoclaves, compressed gas cylinders, compressors (including refrigeration), vacuum chambers and custom designed laboratory vessels. ","type_acronym":"pressurized container"}],"parameters":[{"_id":"969011","name":"deployment","format":"","frictionlessType":"string","description":"

Cruise ID

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1102","name":"cruise_id","description":"

cruise designation; name

"}},{"_id":"969012","name":"station","format":"","frictionlessType":"string","description":"

Station number 24, 25, or 26

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"987","name":"station","description":"

Station identifier; a unique number or alphanumeric string designating a general geographic location at which one or more sampling activities may occur.

"}},{"_id":"969013","name":"latitude","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Latitude of sampling site, south is negative

","units":{"_id":"","name":"decimal degrees"},"type":{"_id":"730","name":"latitude","description":"

latitude, in decimal degrees, North is positive, negative denotes South; Reported in some datasets as degrees, minutes

"}},{"_id":"969014","name":"longitude","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Longitude of sampling site, west is negative

","units":{"_id":"","name":"decimal degrees"},"type":{"_id":"731","name":"longitude","description":"

longitude, in decimal degrees, East is positive, negative denotes West; Reported in some datasets as degrees, minutes

"}},{"_id":"969015","name":"date","format":"%Y-%m-%d","frictionlessType":"date","description":"

Date of sample collection

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1070","name":"date","description":"

date; generally reported in GMT as YYYYMMDD (year; month; day); also as MMDD (month; day); EqPac dates are local Hawaii time. ISO_Date format is YYYY-MM-DD (http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/iso8601.htm)

"}},{"_id":"969016","name":"time_local_est","format":"%H:%M:%S","frictionlessType":"time","description":"

Time of sample collection (local time), US Eastern Time (UTC-05:00)

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1007","name":"time_local","description":"

time of day, local time, using 2400 clock format

"}},{"_id":"969017","name":"ISO_DateTime_UTC","format":"%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ","frictionlessType":"datetime","description":"

Datetime of sample collection in ISO 8601 format, UTC

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1908","name":"ISO_DateTime_UTC","description":"

Date/Time (UTC) ISO formatted
\nThis standard is based on ISO 8601:2004(E) and takes on any of the following forms:
\n2009-08-30T09:05:00[.xx] (local time)
\n2009-08-30T14:05:00[.xx]Z (UTC time)
\n2009-08-30T14:05:00[.xx]-05:00
\nThe dashes and the colons can be dropped.
\nThe T can also be dropped \"by mutual agreement\", but one needs the trailing Z if the time is UTC.

Sample ISO_datetime_utc:
\n2009-08-30T14:05:00[.xx]Z (UTC time)

Format: YYYY-mm-ddTHH:MM:SS[.xx]Z (UTC time)

"}},{"_id":"969018","name":"cast_number","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Cast number (refers to cast of CTD/Niskin bottles on cruise)

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"761","name":"cast","description":"

cast or profile number

"}},{"_id":"969019","name":"depth","format":"","frictionlessType":"string","description":"

Water column feature or oceanic zone sampled (DCM, OMZ, Bathy, or Deep (bottom or near bottom). Station 26 DCM was not measured due to sampling error

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1740","name":"site_descrip","description":"

Description or characteristics of a sampling site

"}},{"_id":"969020","name":"depth_actual","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Actual depth at which water was collected

","units":{"_id":"","name":"m"},"type":{"_id":"808","name":"depth","description":"

Observation/sample depth below the sea surface. Units often reported as: meters, feet.

\nWhen used in a JGOFS/GLOBEC dataset the depth is a best estimate; usually but not always calculated from pressure; calculated either from CTD pressure using Fofonoff and Millard (1982; UNESCO Tech Paper #44) algorithm adjusted for 1980 equation of state for seawater (EOS80) or simply equivalent to nominal depth as recorded during sampling if CTD pressure was unavailable.

"}},{"_id":"969021","name":"in_situ_temp","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Temperature of the samples in-situ

","units":{"_id":"","name":"°C"},"type":{"_id":"733","name":"temperature","description":"

water temperature at measurement depth

"}},{"_id":"969022","name":"sample_type","format":"","frictionlessType":"string","description":"

The type of sample, whether it was incubated using water from the bulk water column, sediments, or amended

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1742","name":"sample_type","description":"

text description of type of sample collected (rock, bio, fluid, etc)

"}},{"_id":"969023","name":"incubation_pressure","format":"","frictionlessType":"string","description":"

Amount of pressure applied during incubation

","units":{"_id":"","name":"MPa"},"type":{"_id":"732","name":"pressure","description":"

water pressure at measurement; depth reported as pressure; positive number increasing with water depth

"}},{"_id":"969024","name":"incubation_Temp","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Temperature of incubation

","units":{"_id":"","name":"°C"},"type":{"_id":"489497","name":"temp_inc","description":"

Temperature at which samples were incubated.

"}},{"_id":"969025","name":"unamended_amended","format":"","frictionlessType":"string","description":"

Whether the sample was amended (A) or unamended (U)

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"489066","name":"treatment","description":"

Experimental conditions applied to experimental units. In comparative experiments, members of the complementary group, the control group, receive either no treatment or a standard treatment.

"}},{"_id":"969026","name":"substrate","format":"","frictionlessType":"string","description":"

Polysaccharide used for incubation: ara = arabinogalactan, chn = chondroitin sulfate, fuc = fucoidan, lam = laminarin, man = mannan, pul = pullulan, xyl = xylan

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"489066","name":"treatment","description":"

Experimental conditions applied to experimental units. In comparative experiments, members of the complementary group, the control group, receive either no treatment or a standard treatment.

"}},{"_id":"969027","name":"timepoint_no","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

The timepoint number sampled for each incubation

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"472026","name":"time_point","description":"

Arbitrary time point of sampling in a sampling sequence (T0, T1,....Tn)

"}},{"_id":"969028","name":"timepoint_days","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

The amount of time that has elapsed at each timepoint

","units":{"_id":"","name":"days"},"type":{"_id":"1838","name":"time_elapsed","description":"

Elapsed time. Units can be seconds, minutes, etc.

"}},{"_id":"969029","name":"ratex_nM_hr","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

The hydrolysis rate for the kill-control

","units":{"_id":"","name":"nmol L-1 hr-1"},"type":{"_id":"822085","name":"hydrolase activity","description":"

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3.

"}},{"_id":"969030","name":"rate1_nM_hr","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

The hydrolysis rate for the first replicate

","units":{"_id":"","name":"nmol L-1 hr-1"},"type":{"_id":"822085","name":"hydrolase activity","description":"

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3.

"}},{"_id":"969031","name":"rate2_nM_hr","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

The hydrolysis rate for the second replicate

","units":{"_id":"","name":"nmol L-1 hr-1"},"type":{"_id":"822085","name":"hydrolase activity","description":"

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3.

"}},{"_id":"969032","name":"rate3_nM_hr","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

The hydrolysis rate for the third replicate

","units":{"_id":"","name":"nmol L-1 hr-1"},"type":{"_id":"822085","name":"hydrolase activity","description":"

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3.

"}},{"_id":"969033","name":"mean_rate_nM_hr","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

The average hydrolysis rate for all replicates

","units":{"_id":"","name":"nmol L-1 hr-1"},"type":{"_id":"822085","name":"hydrolase activity","description":"

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3.

"}},{"_id":"969034","name":"sd_rate_nM_hr","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

The standard deviation of the hydrolysis rates for all replicates

","units":{"_id":"","name":"nmol L-1 hr-1"},"type":{"_id":"1974","name":"standard deviation","description":"

Generic standard deviation value, taking on the units of the parameter that it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"969035","name":"kcratex_nM_hr","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

The kill-corrected hydrolysis rate for the kill-control

","units":{"_id":"","name":"nmol L-1 hr-1"},"type":{"_id":"822085","name":"hydrolase activity","description":"

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3.

"}},{"_id":"969036","name":"kcrate1_nM_hr","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

The kill-corrected hydrolysis rate for the first

","units":{"_id":"","name":"nmol L-1 hr-1"},"type":{"_id":"822085","name":"hydrolase activity","description":"

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3.

"}},{"_id":"969037","name":"kcrate2_nM_hr","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

The kill-corrected hydrolysis rate for the second

","units":{"_id":"","name":"nmol L-1 hr-1"},"type":{"_id":"822085","name":"hydrolase activity","description":"

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3.

"}},{"_id":"969038","name":"kcrate3_nM_hr","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

The kill-corrected hydrolysis rate for the third replicate

","units":{"_id":"","name":"nmol L-1 hr-1"},"type":{"_id":"822085","name":"hydrolase activity","description":"

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3.

"}},{"_id":"969039","name":"mean_kcrate_nM_hr","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

The average kill-corrected hydrolysis rate for all replicates

","units":{"_id":"","name":"nmol L-1 hr-1"},"type":{"_id":"822085","name":"hydrolase activity","description":"

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3.

"}},{"_id":"969040","name":"sd_kcrate_nM_hr","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

The standard deviation of the kill-corrected hydrolysis rates for all replicates

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Generic standard deviation value, taking on the units of the parameter that it is tied to.

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