http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/969640
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2025-07-23
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Small and large particle concentrations of total carbon, total nitrogen, and inorganic carbon, and particulate thorium-234 and RAP234 from large volume pump profiles collected on R/V Endeavor cruise EN665 in the Gulf of Maine in April 2021
2025-07-23
publication
2025-07-23
revision
Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA)
2025-08-21
publication
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.969640.1
Erin E. Black
University of Rochester
principalInvestigator
Adam V. Subhas
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Subhas, A. V., Black, E. E., Holmes, K. (2025) Small and large particle concentrations of total carbon, total nitrogen, and inorganic carbon, and particulate thorium-234 and RAP234 from large volume pump profiles collected on R/V Endeavor cruise EN665 in the Gulf of Maine in April 2021. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2025-07-23 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.969640.1 [access date]
Large Volume Pump Data from EN665 Dataset Description: Methods and Sampling: <p><strong>Location:</strong> Two primary stations within the Gulf of Maine's Wilkinson and Jordan basins with sampling depths ranging from surface (~5 meters (m)) to just above gulf bottom (~260 m). Coordinates are as follows: Station 1(42.618 N and 69.6357 W) and Station 2 (43.4868 N and 67.8267 W).&nbsp;The cruise campaign (EN665) was performed aboard the R/V Endeavor. The cruise spanned 6 days in 2021 (4/7 to&amp; 4/12). Dr. Adam Subhas was the Chief Scientist.</p>
<p><strong>General Sampling and storage:</strong> McLane pumps were deployed four at a time for a total pumping time of approximately four hours during each deployment. For carbon, nitrogen, and thorium-related measurements, pre-combusted 142-millimeters (mm) filters glass fiber GF/F were used to capture small particles (nominal pore size 0.7 microns (µm)), and acid-washed Nitex screens were used for the large particles (51 micron pore size). Immediately upon pump retrieval, pump filterheads were brought into a custom HEPA-laminar flow hood setup. The GF/F filters were sectioned using a light box and a ceramic plate (slices) or a custom stainless punch. Sample splits or punches were then stored according to best practices for those sample types. For small particle bulk carbon and nitrogen, samples were air-dried for several hours and then stored cool and in the dark until analysis. For large particle carbon, nitrogen, and thorium-234 a half section of the nitex filter was rinsed using filtered seawater onto a pre-combusted 25 mm GF/F, dried in a 50 degree Celsius (C) oven overnight, and then mounted for later beta counting. Small particle thorium-234 was measured using a 25 mm punch of the GF/F that was dried at 50 degrees C overnight and then mounted for beta counting. Photos were taken of all filters in the lab for general assessment of particle loading and color differences. Particulate dipped blanks were collected by attaching a plastic housing (for the dipped blank), containing a 51 µm filter and a 1 µm filter, to the side of the filtration apparatus. The plastic housing allowed for the free exchange of sample water.</p>
<p><strong>Analyses: </strong>Small particle carbon and nitrogen filters were analyzed at the UC Davis Stable Isotope Facility following established protocols. Large particle carbon and nitrogen filters were analyzed at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Nutrient Facility following established protocols.</p>
<p>Particulate inorganic carbon samples were analyzed in the Subhas lab using a G-2121i Picarro Cavity Ringdown Spectrometer with an Automate-Liaison front end. The methods were modified from Subhas et al. (2019) for filter samples. The filter slice was placed in an Exetainer vial, put under vacuum, and acidified using 4 mL phosphoric acid (10%). Standardization was done using in-house Iceland Spar and the IAEA C2 standard material.</p>
<p>Size fractionated thorium-234 samples (25 mm GF/F) were mounted with mylar and two aluminum foil layers and beta counted within days of filtration in the Buesseler Radiochemistry Facility at Woods Hole Oceanographic. Second counts were conducted again at least 5 months after filtration. Uncertainties on particulate t<span style="font-size:13px">horium-234 a</span>ctivities are derived from counting statistics and error propagation from sampling processing. Methods follow those in Black et al. (2018).</p>
<p>RA<sub>P234</sub> is the residual β activity of particulate thorium-234 and behaves in a similar manner to lithophile elements (Lin et al. 2016). The residual β activity is found by beta counting the large and small particle filters well after all the shorter-lived and unsupported isotopes have decayed away (e.g. unsupported thorium-234). These are the 'second count' activities. Data from this study has a method limit for RA<sub>P234</sub> equivalent to 2 times the s.d. of the dipped blank mean value of RA<sub>P234</sub></p>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1923998 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1923998
completed
Erin E. Black
University of Rochester
585-375-3440
Rochester
NY
14627
USA
e.black@rochester.edu
pointOfContact
Adam V. Subhas
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
508-289-2399
266 Woods Hole Rd. MS#8
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
asubhas@whoi.edu
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: 1
Unknown
CRUISE_ID
STNNBR
LATITUDE
LONGITUDE
Deploy_ISO_DateTime_UTC
DATE_DEPLOY
TIME_DEPLOY
Recover_ISO_DateTime_UTC
DATE_RECOVER
TIME_RECOVER
CASTNO
DEPTH
PUMPVOL_L
PC_SP
PC_SP_ERR
PC_SP_W_FLAG
PN_SP
PN_SP_ERR
PN_SP_W_FLAG
PIC_SP
PIC_SP_ERR
PIC_SP_W_FLAG
DELC13_PC_SP
DELC13_PC_SP_ERR
DELC13_PC_SP_W_FLAG
DELN15_PN_SP
DELN15_PN_SP_ERR
DELN15_PN_SP_W_FLAG
DELC13_PIC_SP
DELC13_PIC_SP_ERR
DELC13_PIC_SP_W_FLAG
PC_LP
PC_LP_ERR
PC_LP_W_FLAG
PN_LP
PN_LP_ERR
PN_LP_W_FLAG
PIC_LP
PIC_LP_ERR
PIC_LP_W_FLAG
Th234_SP
Th234_SP_ERR
Th234_SP_W_FLAG
Th234_LP
Th234_LP_ERR
Th234_LP_W_FLAG
RAP234_SP
RAP234_SP_ERR
RAP234_SP_W_FLAG
RAP234_LP
RAP234_LP_ERR
RAP234_LP_W_FLAG
Flash EA1112 CHN analyzer
EA-IRMS
Dual-flow McLane Research in-situ pumps (WTS-LV)
Riso Laboratory Anti-coincidence Beta Counters
G-2121i Picarro Cavity Ringdown Spectrometer
theme
None, User defined
Cruise identfier
station
latitude
longitude
ISO_DateTime_UTC
date
time of day
cast
depth
sample_volume
total particulate Carbon
quality flag
Total Particulate Nitrogen
particulate inorganic Carbon
C13 of Total Particulate Carbon
d15N
13C to 12C ratio in DIC
thorium-234 activity
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
CHN Elemental Analyzer
Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer
McLane Large Volume Pumping System WTS-LV
Riso Laboratory Anti-coincidence Beta Counter
Spectrometer
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
EN665
service
Deployment Activity
Gulf of Maine
place
Locations
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
Biogenic Calcium Carbonate Solubilities and Reaction Rates by Lab and Field Saturometry
https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/882852
Biogenic Calcium Carbonate Solubilities and Reaction Rates by Lab and Field Saturometry
<p><em>NSF Award Abstract:</em><br />
The ocean actively exchanges carbon dioxide with the atmosphere and is currently absorbing about a third of the carbon dioxide humans emit through fossil fuel burning. Because carbon dioxide is acidic, ocean pH drops as it takes up carbon dioxide, a process known as "ocean acidification". Ocean acidification negatively affects the health of marine ecosystems by making it harder for organisms to grow their calcium carbonate shells. Yet, the dissolution of these calcium carbonate shells in the deep ocean helps neutralize the carbon dioxide we emit as humans. The extent to which this process takes place is a function of the solubility of marine calcium carbonate. This project will evaluate the temperature and pressure effects on the stability of biologically produced calcium carbonate minerals. The results from this study will allow us to better predict where, how much, and how fast, carbon dioxide will be neutralized and stored in the world's ocean. We will also investigate the ways in which small changes in the chemical composition of calcium carbonate shells - such as the incorporation of magnesium - influence their stability. This project will also conduct micro-computed tomography scans of microorganisms' shells to better visualize them in 3-dimensional detail. We will print these 3-dimensional scans for use as educational tools in the classroom and in the Woods Hole Visitor Center. In addition, professional development workshops for high school teacher on ocean acidification and the importance of marine calcification will be held yearly.</p>
<p>The ocean is the ultimate repository for most of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions, which in turn is making ocean chemistry less favorable for biogenic carbonate precipitation through the process of ocean acidification. Ocean acidification decreases seawater pH but dissolution of primarily biogenic carbonate minerals has the capacity to buffer this acidification and over thousands of years push whole-ocean pH and atmospheric carbon dioxide to their preindustrial values. Unfortunately, the relationship between seawater chemistry, carbonate mineral solubility, and the kinetics that govern carbonate dissolution and precipitation are not fully understood. Currently, it is clear that relationships based solely on inorganic calcite are insufficient to describe the cycling of biogenic calcites in the ocean. This project will conduct a systematic determination of the solubilities and reaction kinetics of the three most common biogenic carbonates (coccoliths, foraminifera, and pteropods), both in the laboratory and in the field, using spectrophotometric pH saturometry. The saturometer incubates calcium carbonate with seawater in a closed system. During each run, the change in pH within the saturometer traces the progression of calcium carbonate dissolution/precipitation as the system approaches equilibrium. The saturometer therefore has the potential to link mechanistic interpretations of mineral dissolution/precipitation kinetics to measurements of solubility in a single experiment. The spectrophotometric pH method uses well-calibrated indicator dyes, allows solubility and data to be tied to modern pH calibrations and reference materials, and can be used in the laboratory or deployed on a hydrowire at sea. Field experiments will be conducted at multiple depths, elucidating in-situ controls on solubility and kinetics, as well as the sensitivity of biogenic calcite solubility to temperature and pressure. Experiments will be conducted from both sides of equilibrium, allowing for robust determinations of inorganic and biogenic solubilities.</p>
<p>This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.</p>
Calcite Saturometer
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
oceans
Gulf of Maine
-69.6361
-67.8267
42.61805
43.4912
2021-04-08
2021-04-10
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Small and large particle concentrations of total carbon, total nitrogen, and inorganic carbon, and particulate thorium-234 and RAP234 from large volume pump profiles collected on R/V Endeavor cruise EN665 in the Gulf of Maine in April 2021
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969698.rdf
Name: CRUISE_ID
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Cruise identifier</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969699.rdf
Name: STNNBR
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Station Number</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969700.rdf
Name: LATITUDE
Units: decimal degrees North
Description: <p>Latitude</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969701.rdf
Name: LONGITUDE
Units: decimal degrees West
Description: <p>Longitude</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969702.rdf
Name: Deploy_ISO_DateTime_UTC
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Date and time (UTC) pump in the water in ISO 8601 format</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969703.rdf
Name: DATE_DEPLOY
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Date pump went in the water</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969704.rdf
Name: TIME_DEPLOY
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Time UTC pump went in the water</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969705.rdf
Name: Recover_ISO_DateTime_UTC
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Date and time (UTC) pump was taken out of the water in ISO 8601 format</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969706.rdf
Name: DATE_RECOVER
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Date pump was taken out of the water</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969707.rdf
Name: TIME_RECOVER
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Time UTC pump was taken out of the water</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969708.rdf
Name: CASTNO
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Cast number</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969709.rdf
Name: DEPTH
Units: meters
Description: <p>Depth</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969710.rdf
Name: PUMPVOL_L
Units: liters (L)
Description: <p>Pumped volume</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969711.rdf
Name: PC_SP
Units: micromoles per liter
Description: <p>Small particle total carbon concentration</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969712.rdf
Name: PC_SP_ERR
Units: micromoles per liter
Description: <p>Small particle total carbon concentration error</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969713.rdf
Name: PC_SP_W_FLAG
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Quality flag for small particle total carbon concentration</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969714.rdf
Name: PN_SP
Units: micromoles per liter
Description: <p>Small particle total nitrogen concentration</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969715.rdf
Name: PN_SP_ERR
Units: micromoles per liter
Description: <p>Small particle total nitrogen concentration error</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969716.rdf
Name: PN_SP_W_FLAG
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Quality flag for small particle total nitrogen concentration</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969717.rdf
Name: PIC_SP
Units: nanomoles per liter
Description: <p>Small particle inorganic carbon concentration</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969718.rdf
Name: PIC_SP_ERR
Units: nanomoles per liter
Description: <p>Small particle inorganic carbon concentration error</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969719.rdf
Name: PIC_SP_W_FLAG
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Quality flag for small particle inorganic carbon concentration</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969720.rdf
Name: DELC13_PC_SP
Units: permil vs. PDB
Description: <p>delta-13C of small particle total carbon</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969721.rdf
Name: DELC13_PC_SP_ERR
Units: permil vs. PDB
Description: <p>delta-13C of small particle total carbon error</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969722.rdf
Name: DELC13_PC_SP_W_FLAG
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Quality flag for delta-13C of small particle total carbon</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969723.rdf
Name: DELN15_PN_SP
Units: permil vs. air
Description: <p>delta-15N of small particle total nitrogen</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969724.rdf
Name: DELN15_PN_SP_ERR
Units: permil vs. air
Description: <p>delta-15N of small particle total nitrogen error</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969725.rdf
Name: DELN15_PN_SP_W_FLAG
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Quality flag for delta-15N of small particle total nitrogen</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969726.rdf
Name: DELC13_PIC_SP
Units: permil vs. PDB
Description: <p>delta-13C of small particle inorganic carbon</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969727.rdf
Name: DELC13_PIC_SP_ERR
Units: permil vs. PDB
Description: <p>delta-13C of small particle inorganic carbon error</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969728.rdf
Name: DELC13_PIC_SP_W_FLAG
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Quality flag for delta-13C of small particle inorganic carbon</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969729.rdf
Name: PC_LP
Units: micromoles per liter
Description: <p>Large particle total carbon concentration</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969730.rdf
Name: PC_LP_ERR
Units: micromoles per liter
Description: <p>Large particle total carbon concentration error</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969731.rdf
Name: PC_LP_W_FLAG
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Quality flag for large particle total carbon concentration</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969732.rdf
Name: PN_LP
Units: micromoles per liter
Description: <p>Large particle total nitrogen concentration</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969733.rdf
Name: PN_LP_ERR
Units: micromoles per liter
Description: <p>Large particle total nitrogen concentration error</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969734.rdf
Name: PN_LP_W_FLAG
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Quality flag for large particle total nitrogen concentration</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969735.rdf
Name: PIC_LP
Units: nanomoles per liter
Description: <p>Large particle inorganic carbon concentration</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969736.rdf
Name: PIC_LP_ERR
Units: nanomoles per liter
Description: <p>Large particle inorganic carbon concentration error</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969737.rdf
Name: PIC_LP_W_FLAG
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Quality flag for large particle inorganic carbon concentration</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969738.rdf
Name: Th234_SP
Units: decays per minute per liter
Description: <p>Small particle thorium-234 activity</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969739.rdf
Name: Th234_SP_ERR
Units: decays per minute per liter
Description: <p>Small particle thorium-234 activity error</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969740.rdf
Name: Th234_SP_W_FLAG
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Quality flag for small particle thorium-234 activity</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969741.rdf
Name: Th234_LP
Units: decays per minute per liter
Description: <p>Large particle thorium-234 activity</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969742.rdf
Name: Th234_LP_ERR
Units: decays per minute per liter
Description: <p>Large particle thorium-234 activity error</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969743.rdf
Name: Th234_LP_W_FLAG
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Quality flag for large particle thorium-234 activity</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969744.rdf
Name: RAP234_SP
Units: becquerels per cubic meter
Description: <p>Small particle residual beta activity for thorium-234</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969745.rdf
Name: RAP234_SP_ERR
Units: becquerels per cubic meter
Description: <p>Small particle residual beta activity for thorium-234 error</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969746.rdf
Name: RAP234_SP_W_FLAG
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Quality flag for small particle residual beta activity for thorium-234. Detection limit of 0.33 becquerels per cubic meter</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969747.rdf
Name: RAP234_LP
Units: becquerels per cubic meter
Description: <p>Large particle residual beta activity for thorium-234</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969748.rdf
Name: RAP234_LP_ERR
Units: becquerels per cubic meter
Description: <p>Large particle residual beta activity for thorium-234 error</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/969749.rdf
Name: RAP234_LP_W_FLAG
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Quality flag for large particle residual beta activity for thorium-234. Detection limit of 0.022 becquerels per cubic meter</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
4960
https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/e5821966-a36a-41d3-a7b1-fdc3a64c9ad4/content
download
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.969640.1
download
onLine
dataset
<p><strong>Location:</strong> Two primary stations within the Gulf of Maine's Wilkinson and Jordan basins with sampling depths ranging from surface (~5 meters (m)) to just above gulf bottom (~260 m). Coordinates are as follows: Station 1(42.618 N and 69.6357 W) and Station 2 (43.4868 N and 67.8267 W).&nbsp;The cruise campaign (EN665) was performed aboard the R/V Endeavor. The cruise spanned 6 days in 2021 (4/7 to&amp; 4/12). Dr. Adam Subhas was the Chief Scientist.</p>
<p><strong>General Sampling and storage:</strong> McLane pumps were deployed four at a time for a total pumping time of approximately four hours during each deployment. For carbon, nitrogen, and thorium-related measurements, pre-combusted 142-millimeters (mm) filters glass fiber GF/F were used to capture small particles (nominal pore size 0.7 microns (µm)), and acid-washed Nitex screens were used for the large particles (51 micron pore size). Immediately upon pump retrieval, pump filterheads were brought into a custom HEPA-laminar flow hood setup. The GF/F filters were sectioned using a light box and a ceramic plate (slices) or a custom stainless punch. Sample splits or punches were then stored according to best practices for those sample types. For small particle bulk carbon and nitrogen, samples were air-dried for several hours and then stored cool and in the dark until analysis. For large particle carbon, nitrogen, and thorium-234 a half section of the nitex filter was rinsed using filtered seawater onto a pre-combusted 25 mm GF/F, dried in a 50 degree Celsius (C) oven overnight, and then mounted for later beta counting. Small particle thorium-234 was measured using a 25 mm punch of the GF/F that was dried at 50 degrees C overnight and then mounted for beta counting. Photos were taken of all filters in the lab for general assessment of particle loading and color differences. Particulate dipped blanks were collected by attaching a plastic housing (for the dipped blank), containing a 51 µm filter and a 1 µm filter, to the side of the filtration apparatus. The plastic housing allowed for the free exchange of sample water.</p>
<p><strong>Analyses: </strong>Small particle carbon and nitrogen filters were analyzed at the UC Davis Stable Isotope Facility following established protocols. Large particle carbon and nitrogen filters were analyzed at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Nutrient Facility following established protocols.</p>
<p>Particulate inorganic carbon samples were analyzed in the Subhas lab using a G-2121i Picarro Cavity Ringdown Spectrometer with an Automate-Liaison front end. The methods were modified from Subhas et al. (2019) for filter samples. The filter slice was placed in an Exetainer vial, put under vacuum, and acidified using 4 mL phosphoric acid (10%). Standardization was done using in-house Iceland Spar and the IAEA C2 standard material.</p>
<p>Size fractionated thorium-234 samples (25 mm GF/F) were mounted with mylar and two aluminum foil layers and beta counted within days of filtration in the Buesseler Radiochemistry Facility at Woods Hole Oceanographic. Second counts were conducted again at least 5 months after filtration. Uncertainties on particulate t<span style="font-size:13px">horium-234 a</span>ctivities are derived from counting statistics and error propagation from sampling processing. Methods follow those in Black et al. (2018).</p>
<p>RA<sub>P234</sub> is the residual β activity of particulate thorium-234 and behaves in a similar manner to lithophile elements (Lin et al. 2016). The residual β activity is found by beta counting the large and small particle filters well after all the shorter-lived and unsupported isotopes have decayed away (e.g. unsupported thorium-234). These are the 'second count' activities. Data from this study has a method limit for RA<sub>P234</sub> equivalent to 2 times the s.d. of the dipped blank mean value of RA<sub>P234</sub></p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
<p>Processing of Picarro data was completed using home-built MATLAB software to pick sample peaks from the raw data and calculate averages. These data were then passed to a home-built Microsoft Excel spreadsheet for standardization, blank subtraction, and isotope value calculation.</p>
<p>All thorium-234 and large particle datasets were prepared using a custom-built Microsoft Excel spreadsheet for standardization, blank subtraction, and activity calculations.</p>
<p><strong>Quality Flags:</strong><br />
The data flags used are as suggested at <a href="http://www.geotraces.org/geotraces-quality-flag-policy/" target="_blank">www.geotraces.org/geotraces-quality-flag-policy/</a>. Most values were flagged as ‘probably good’ (2), per the suggestion on this website. The (1) flag was not used at all. Standard data flags are used: (2) probably good, (3) probably bad, (4) bad, (6) below detection, (9) missing data. Missing data is only used where the sample was analyzed and there was a subsequent issue with the instrument.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
- Imported original file "LVP_Data.xlsx" into the BCO-DMO system.
- Created date-time columns in ISO 8601 format.
- Rounded Latitude values to 5 decimal places and Longitude values to 4 decimal places.
- Saved the final file as "969640_v1_lvp_en665.csv".
Specified by BCO-DMO Data Managers
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
Flash EA1112 CHN analyzer
Flash EA1112 CHN analyzer
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Flash EA1112 CHN analyzer PI Supplied Instrument Description:Flash EA1112 CHN analyzer – WHOI (Particulate carbon and nitrogen analyses) Instrument Name: CHN Elemental Analyzer Instrument Short Name:CHN_EA Instrument Description: A CHN Elemental Analyzer is used for the determination of carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen content in organic and other types of materials, including solids, liquids, volatile, and viscous samples.
EA-IRMS
EA-IRMS
PI Supplied Instrument Name: EA-IRMS PI Supplied Instrument Description:EA-IRMS - UC Davis Stable Isotope Facility https://stableisotopefacility.ucdavis.edu/analytical-services (Particulate carbon, nitrogen, and isotopic analyses) Instrument Name: Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer Instrument Short Name:IR Mass Spec; IRMS Instrument Description: The Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer is a particular type of mass spectrometer used to measure the relative abundance of isotopes in a given sample (e.g. VG Prism II Isotope Ratio Mass-Spectrometer). Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB16/
Dual-flow McLane Research in-situ pumps (WTS-LV)
Dual-flow McLane Research in-situ pumps (WTS-LV)
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Dual-flow McLane Research in-situ pumps (WTS-LV) PI Supplied Instrument Description:Dual-flow McLane Research in-situ pumps (WTS-LV), Upright - UNOLS pool (Collection of high volume particulate filters Instrument Name: McLane Large Volume Pumping System WTS-LV Instrument Short Name:WTS-LV Instrument Description: The WTS-LV is a Water Transfer System (WTS) Large Volume (LV) pumping instrument designed and manufactured by McLane Research Labs (Falmouth, MA, USA). It is a large-volume, single-event sampler that collects suspended and dissolved particulate samples in situ.
Ambient water is drawn through a modular filter holder onto a 142-millimeter (mm) membrane without passing through the pump. The standard two-tier filter holder provides prefiltering and size fractioning. Collection targets include chlorophyll maximum, particulate trace metals, and phytoplankton. It features different flow rates and filter porosity to support a range of specimen collection. Sampling can be programmed to start at a scheduled time or begin with a countdown delay. It also features a dynamic pump speed algorithm that adjusts flow to protect the sample as material accumulates on the filter. Several pump options range from 0.5 to 30 liters per minute, with a max volume of 2,500 to 36,000 liters depending on the pump and battery pack used. The standard model is depth rated to 5,500 meters, with a deeper 7,000-meter option available. The operating temperature is -4 to 35 degrees Celsius.
The WTS-LV is available in four different configurations: Standard, Upright, Bore Hole, and Dual Filter Sampler. The high-capacity upright WTS-LV model provides three times the battery life of the standard model. The Bore-Hole WTS-LV is designed to fit through a narrow opening such as a 30-centimeter borehole. The dual filter WTS-LV features two vertical intake 142 mm filter holders to allow simultaneous filtering using two different porosities.
Riso Laboratory Anti-coincidence Beta Counters
Riso Laboratory Anti-coincidence Beta Counters
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Riso Laboratory Anti-coincidence Beta Counters PI Supplied Instrument Description:Riso Laboratory Anti-coincidence Beta Counters - WHOI and LDEO (Thorium-234 beta counting) Instrument Name: Riso Laboratory Anti-coincidence Beta Counter Instrument Short Name:Riso Beta Counter Instrument Description: Low-level beta detectors manufactured by Riso (now Nutech) in Denmark. These instruments accept samples that can be mounted on a 25mm filter holder. These detectors have very low backgrounds, 0.17 counts per minute, and can have counting efficiencies as high as 55%.
Typically used in laboratory analyses. Designed to measure low levels of beta particle emission. The systems work on the principle of anticoincidence.
G-2121i Picarro Cavity Ringdown Spectrometer
G-2121i Picarro Cavity Ringdown Spectrometer
PI Supplied Instrument Name: G-2121i Picarro Cavity Ringdown Spectrometer PI Supplied Instrument Description:G-2121i Picarro Cavity Ringdown Spectrometer with an Automate-Liaison front end (Particulate inorganic carbon analyses) Instrument Name: Spectrometer Instrument Short Name:Spectrometer Instrument Description: A spectrometer is an optical instrument used to measure properties of light over a specific portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/TOOL0460/
Cruise: EN665
EN665
R/V Endeavor
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Endeavor
vessel
EN665
Adam V. Subhas
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
R/V Endeavor
Community Standard Description
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
R/V Endeavor
vessel