http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/985410
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2025-09-29
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Algal Percent Cover Data collected in the nearshore shallow subtidal during eight field experiments conducted at Cerro Mundo Bay in the Galapagos Islands between Sep 2021 and Apr 2023
2025-10-03
publication
2025-10-03
revision
Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA)
2025-10-06
publication
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.985410.1
John Bruno
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
principalInvestigator
Margarita Brandt
Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
Cite this dataset as: Bruno, J., Brandt, M., Silva, I., Agudo-Adriani, E. (2025) Algal Percent Cover Data collected in the nearshore shallow subtidal during eight field experiments conducted at Cerro Mundo Bay in the Galapagos Islands between Sep 2021 and Apr 2023. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2025-10-03 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.985410.1 [access date]
Cerro Mundo Algal Ash-Free Dry Weight Dataset Description: Methods and Sampling: <p>We conducted a fully factorial 4x2 caging experiment (n = 8) from September 2021 to April 2023 in a nearshore rocky subtidal habitat at Cerro Mundo reef (0°52’06.0” S; 89°35’04.0” W), San Cristóbal Island, Galápagos. Sixty-four experimental cages were deployed at a depth of nine meters to simultaneously manipulate <em>in situ</em> grazer presence and nutrient availability across a natural temperature gradient. Cages were based on designs from Witman et al. (2017) and consisted of circular concrete platforms (diameter = 0.43 m, height = 0.06 m) with Aquamesh (plastic-coated, galvanized mesh, 0.05 m mesh size) incorporated as needed per cage design. Treatments provided varying degrees of herbivore exclusion: open plots with unrestricted grazer access; full exclusion cages preventing access by large herbivores (i.e., fish, urchins, turtles, and marine iguanas) but not mesograzers (e.g., amphipods, small gastropods); and grazer inclusion cages maintaining a constant density of a single urchin species.</p>
<p>Cage type was crossed with two nutrient levels: ambient and enriched. Nutrient enrichment was achieved by attaching two nutrient pillows (drawstring pouches, 0.001 m mesh size, 0.1 × 0.1 m) containing 50 g total of slow-release fertilizer (Osmocote, NPK 19-6-12, without micronutrients)&nbsp;to half of the cages.</p>
<p>Eight independent four-week trials were conducted during peak periods of the warm and cold seasons. To discern the effects of the treatments (cage type × nutrient level) on the productivity and dynamics of benthic macroalgae, percent cover data were collected at the end of each trial.</p>
<p>To determine percent cover, photographs of the substrate of the 64 cages were taken using a Nikon COOLPIX W300 camera. Percent macroalgal cover was quantified for each photograph in Adobe Illustrator (version 28.0) by superimposing a grid of 200 points and identifying the substrate beneath each point. The categories used included: <em>Ulva</em> spp., crustose coralline algae (CCA), brown foliose algae, haploid phase of macroalgae (HPM), red filamentous algae, <em>Asparagopsis</em> sp., <em>Schizymenia</em> sp., and "other" (including concrete, sand, fish, urchins, snails, and shells). The number of points classified as algae was summed and divided by two to obtain the total algal cover percentage.&nbsp;</p>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1737071 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1737071
completed
John Bruno
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
919-360-7651
CB#3280, Department of Biology UNC Chapel Hill
Chapel Hill
NC
27599-3280
USA
jbruno@unc.edu
pointOfContact
Margarita Brandt
Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ
mbrandt@usfq.edu.ec
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: 1
Unknown
Cage
Treatment
N
Monthstart
Monthend
Year
Ulva
Ulva_pct
cca
cca_pct
Brown_foliose_algae
Brown_foliose_algae_pct
HPM
HPM_pct
Diatoms
Diatoms_pct
Red_Filamentous
Red_Filamentous_pct
Asparagopsis
Asparagopsis_pct
Schizymenia
Schizymenia_pct
Fish
Fish_pct
Urchin
Urchin_pct
Snail
Snail_pct
Shell
Shell_pct
Bare_concrete
Bare_concrete_pct
Sand
Sand_pct
Other
Other_pct
Sum
Nikon COOLPIX W300 camera
theme
None, User defined
replicate
treatment
month of year
year
count
percent coverage
sample description
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
Camera
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
The Role of Temperature in Regulating Herbivory and Algal Biomass in Upwelling Systems
http://github.com/johnfbruno/Galapagos_NSF.git
The Role of Temperature in Regulating Herbivory and Algal Biomass in Upwelling Systems
<p><em>NSF Award Abstract:</em><br />
A well-known pattern in coastal marine systems is a positive association between the biomass of primary producers and the occurrence or intensity of upwelling. This is assumed to be caused by the increase in nutrient concentration associated with upwelling, enabling higher primary production and thus greater standing algal biomass. However, upwelling also causes large, rapid declines in water temperature. Because the metabolism of fish and invertebrate herbivores is temperature-dependent, cooler upwelled water could reduce consumer metabolism and grazing intensity. This could in turn lead to increased standing algal biomass. Thus upwelling could influence both bottom-up and top-down control of populations and communities of primary producers. The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that grazing intensity and algal biomass are, in part, regulated by temperature via the temperature-dependence of metabolic rates. Broader impacts include the training and retention of minority students through UNC's Course Based Undergraduate Research program, support of undergraduate research, teacher training, and various outreach activities.</p>
<p>The investigators will take advantage of the uniquely strong spatiotemporal variance in water temperature in the Galápagos Islands to compare grazing intensity and primary production across a natural temperature gradient. They will combine field monitoring, statistical modeling, grazing assays, populations-specific metabolic measurements, and in situ herbivore exclusion and nutrient addition to measure the effects of temperature on pattern and process in shallow subtidal communities. The researchers will also test the hypothesis that grazer populations at warmer sites and/or during warmer seasons are less thermally sensitive, potentially due to acclimatization or adaptation. Finally, the investigators will perform a series of mesocosm experiments to measure the effect of near-future temperatures on herbivores, algae, and herbivory. This work could change the way we view upwelling systems, particularly how primary production is regulated and the temperature-dependence of energy transfer across trophic levels.</p>
Temperature and Herbivory
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
biota
oceans
-89.58189
-89.58189
-0.87044
-0.87044
2021-09-01
2025-04-30
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Algal Percent Cover Data collected in the nearshore shallow subtidal during eight field experiments conducted at Cerro Mundo Bay in the Galapagos Islands between Sep 2021 and Apr 2023
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985473.rdf
Name: Cage
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Replicate number</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985474.rdf
Name: Treatment
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Four types of experimental treatments were used: (All Present) Open with full access to all grazers. (Urchins Only) Urchin inclusions, where two pencil urchins remained caged throughout the duration of each trial to maintain the identity and density of our herbivore of interest constant. (None Present) Full exclusions, preventing access to all macro-herbivores such as sea urchins, fishes, iguanas, and turtles, but not to meso-herbivores such as amphipods. These cages are covered with a top. (Procedural) Procedural control that included partial sides, designed to affect flow and light to a similar degree as other cages to test for experimental artifacts of the herbivore manipulation.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985475.rdf
Name: N
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Nutrient category: N+= elevated nutrients; No N= ambient nutrients.</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985476.rdf
Name: Monthstart
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Start month of trial</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985477.rdf
Name: Monthend
Units: unitless
Description: <p>End month of trial</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985478.rdf
Name: Year
Units: unitless
Description: <p>The year the trial was conducted</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985479.rdf
Name: Ulva
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Number of category identified out of grid: Ulva</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985480.rdf
Name: Ulva_pct
Units: percent
Description: <p>Percentage of category identified as cover in grid: Ulva</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985481.rdf
Name: cca
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Number of category identified out of grid: cca</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985482.rdf
Name: cca_pct
Units: percent
Description: <p>Percentage of category identified as cover in grid: cca</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985483.rdf
Name: Brown_foliose_algae
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Number of category identified out of grid: Brown foliose algae</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985484.rdf
Name: Brown_foliose_algae_pct
Units: percent
Description: <p>Percentage of category identified as cover in grid: Brown foliose algae</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985485.rdf
Name: HPM
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Number of category identified out of grid: HPM</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985486.rdf
Name: HPM_pct
Units: percent
Description: <p>Percentage of category identified as cover in grid: HPM</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985487.rdf
Name: Diatoms
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Number of category identified out of grid: Diatoms</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985488.rdf
Name: Diatoms_pct
Units: percent
Description: <p>Percentage of category identified as cover in grid: Diatoms</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985489.rdf
Name: Red_Filamentous
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Number of category identified out of grid: Red Filamentous</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985490.rdf
Name: Red_Filamentous_pct
Units: percent
Description: <p>Percentage of category identified as cover in grid: Red Filamentous</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985491.rdf
Name: Asparagopsis
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Number of category identified out of grid: Asparagopsis</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985492.rdf
Name: Asparagopsis_pct
Units: percent
Description: <p>Percentage of category identified as cover in grid: Asparagopsis</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985493.rdf
Name: Schizymenia
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Number of category identified out of grid: Schizymenia</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985494.rdf
Name: Schizymenia_pct
Units: percent
Description: <p>Percentage of category identified as cover in grid: Schizymenia</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985495.rdf
Name: Fish
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Number of category identified out of grid: Fish</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985496.rdf
Name: Fish_pct
Units: percent
Description: <p>Percentage of category identified as cover in grid: Fish</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985497.rdf
Name: Urchin
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Number of category identified out of grid: Urchin</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985498.rdf
Name: Urchin_pct
Units: percent
Description: <p>Percentage of category identified as cover in grid: Urchin</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985499.rdf
Name: Snail
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Number of category identified out of grid: Snail</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985500.rdf
Name: Snail_pct
Units: percent
Description: <p>Percentage of category identified as cover in grid: Snail</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985501.rdf
Name: Shell
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Number of category identified out of grid: Shell</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985502.rdf
Name: Shell_pct
Units: percent
Description: <p>Percentage of category identified as cover in grid: Shell</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985503.rdf
Name: Bare_concrete
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Number of category identified out of grid: Bare concrete</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985504.rdf
Name: Bare_concrete_pct
Units: percent
Description: <p>Percentage of category identified as cover in grid: Bare concrete</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985505.rdf
Name: Sand
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Number of category identified out of grid: Sand</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985506.rdf
Name: Sand_pct
Units: percent
Description: <p>Percentage of category identified as cover in grid: Sand</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985507.rdf
Name: Other
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Number of category identified out of grid: Other</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985508.rdf
Name: Other_pct
Units: percent
Description: <p>Percentage of category identified as cover in grid: Other</p>
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/985509.rdf
Name: Sum
Units: unitless
Description: <p>Total parts of grid analyzed</p>
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
43244
https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/4a3c999d-9684-46c4-ae90-c08b1ec3792d/content
download
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.985410.1
download
onLine
dataset
<p>We conducted a fully factorial 4x2 caging experiment (n = 8) from September 2021 to April 2023 in a nearshore rocky subtidal habitat at Cerro Mundo reef (0°52’06.0” S; 89°35’04.0” W), San Cristóbal Island, Galápagos. Sixty-four experimental cages were deployed at a depth of nine meters to simultaneously manipulate <em>in situ</em> grazer presence and nutrient availability across a natural temperature gradient. Cages were based on designs from Witman et al. (2017) and consisted of circular concrete platforms (diameter = 0.43 m, height = 0.06 m) with Aquamesh (plastic-coated, galvanized mesh, 0.05 m mesh size) incorporated as needed per cage design. Treatments provided varying degrees of herbivore exclusion: open plots with unrestricted grazer access; full exclusion cages preventing access by large herbivores (i.e., fish, urchins, turtles, and marine iguanas) but not mesograzers (e.g., amphipods, small gastropods); and grazer inclusion cages maintaining a constant density of a single urchin species.</p>
<p>Cage type was crossed with two nutrient levels: ambient and enriched. Nutrient enrichment was achieved by attaching two nutrient pillows (drawstring pouches, 0.001 m mesh size, 0.1 × 0.1 m) containing 50 g total of slow-release fertilizer (Osmocote, NPK 19-6-12, without micronutrients)&nbsp;to half of the cages.</p>
<p>Eight independent four-week trials were conducted during peak periods of the warm and cold seasons. To discern the effects of the treatments (cage type × nutrient level) on the productivity and dynamics of benthic macroalgae, percent cover data were collected at the end of each trial.</p>
<p>To determine percent cover, photographs of the substrate of the 64 cages were taken using a Nikon COOLPIX W300 camera. Percent macroalgal cover was quantified for each photograph in Adobe Illustrator (version 28.0) by superimposing a grid of 200 points and identifying the substrate beneath each point. The categories used included: <em>Ulva</em> spp., crustose coralline algae (CCA), brown foliose algae, haploid phase of macroalgae (HPM), red filamentous algae, <em>Asparagopsis</em> sp., <em>Schizymenia</em> sp., and "other" (including concrete, sand, fish, urchins, snails, and shells). The number of points classified as algae was summed and divided by two to obtain the total algal cover percentage.&nbsp;</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
- Imported "Data_percent_cover.xlsx"
- Replaced spaces in parameter names with underscores
- Removed existing computed "Sum" value, due to REF error in Excel file
- Created new "Sum" field combine all the identification values
- Added "pct" fields for all the identification values, where values were divided by the sum, in coordination with the submitter
- Exported file as "985410_v1_algal_percent_cover.csv"
Specified by BCO-DMO Data Managers
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
Nikon COOLPIX W300 camera
Nikon COOLPIX W300 camera
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Nikon COOLPIX W300 camera PI Supplied Instrument Description:To determine percent cover, photographs of the substrate of the 64 cages were taken using a Nikon COOLPIX W300 camera. Instrument Name: Camera Instrument Short Name:camera Instrument Description: All types of photographic equipment including stills, video, film and digital systems. Community Standard Description: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/311/