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Marine diseases have devastating impacts on ocean ecosystems and this work will directly examine the framework for understanding disease transmission in the ocean. A team of ecologists, ocean connectivity and disease modelers, microbiologists, and coral immunologists (from the University of Virgin Islands (UVI), Louisiana State University (LSU), Rice University, University of Texas-Arlington and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) will develop a model that predicts transmission of a devastating Caribbean coral disease that has the potential to impact the economic value of coral reefs, including those located in the U.S. This project will support multidisciplinary field and laboratory research experiences of graduate students at multiple minority-serving institutions, and will provide undergraduate students with hands-on training in modeling, ecological and molecular analysis techniques. UVI and LSU are in EPSCoR jurisdictions and have diverse student bodies, including numerous under-represented minority (URM) students. The research team will collaboratively provide URM students with research experiences in STEM fields. Project findings will be broadly communicated through virtual public programming, and through the Virgin Islands Coral Disease Advisory Committee with updates on the vicoraldisease.org website. A coral disease response workshop for the U.S. Virgin Islands will also be held, in which project results will be presented and used to support disease response planning.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Over the last four decades, marine diseases have decimated ecosystem engineers in marine coastal ecosystems, including the rocky intertidal, seagrasses and coral reefs. The pathogens driving these diseases have frequently been challenging to isolate, characterize and confirm, in part because they affect multiple host species and can spread by ocean currents, as well as through individual contact. Here, we propose a multi-scale epidemic model for studying marine disease that addresses both within-host and within-patch disease dynamics, and explicitly acknowledges the dispersal of pathogens between populations. Our interdisciplinary research team of ecologists, connectivity and disease modelers, microbiologists, and coral immunologists will integrate the largest set of predictors of marine disease spread to date: individual host species traits that allow for disease resistance or susceptibility, local transmission within communities that may have unique community structure, and hydrodynamic connectivity among susceptible communities. Modeling will be supported with rich data sets of within- and among-patch population characteristics and disease dynamics as well as molecular data on species-level disease responses. This project will advance knowledge of infectious diseases by integrating multidimensional scales and differential host susceptibilities into existing epidemiological models. This model will particularly advance the framework for studying marine diseases and has the potential to elucidate the transmission properties of a devastating Caribbean coral disease (stony coral tissue loss disease) that fits the most confounding and notorious hallmarks of marine diseases: infection of multiple hosts by an elusive pathogen.&lt;/p&gt;
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	Name: Temp_C
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	Name: mmHg
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http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/989207.rdf
	Name: DO_Percent
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http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/989209.rdf
	Name: SPC
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http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/989210.rdf
	Name: C
	Units: microSiemens per centimeter (uS/cm)
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http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/989211.rdf
	Name: SAL
	Units: parts per thousand (ppt)
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http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/989212.rdf
	Name: pH
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http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/989213.rdf
	Name: NTU
	Units: Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTU)
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http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/989214.rdf
	Name: TSS
	Units: miligrams per liter (mg/L)
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http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/989215.rdf
	Name: DEP_m
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http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/989216.rdf
	Name: Lab_ID_for_cell_abundances
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http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/989217.rdf
	Name: pro
	Units: cells per milliliter (cells/mL)
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http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/989218.rdf
	Name: syn
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http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/989219.rdf
	Name: peuk
	Units: cells per milliliter (cells/mL)
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	Name: hbact
	Units: cells per milliliter (cells/mL)
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  <gmi:acquisitionInformation>
    <gmi:MI_AcquisitionInformation>
    <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument>
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/instrument/768595.rdf" xlink:title="YSI EXO multiparameter water quality sondes" xlink:actuate="onRequest">YSI EXO Sonde (YSI Inc./Xylem Inc.)</gmx:Anchor>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>YSI EXO Sonde (YSI Inc./Xylem Inc.)</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>PI Supplied Instrument Name: YSI EXO Sonde (YSI Inc./Xylem Inc.) PI Supplied Instrument Description:At each sampling location, we collected reef seawater for water quality metrics: the microbial community of the surrounding environment, inorganic nutrient concentrations, the total organic carbon and total nitrogen, and cell abundances. Sample processing will be conducted using previously published methods (Becker et al., 2020; Weber et al., 2020). Water was collected via SCUBA 2 meters above the reef. From the boat, we used an Exo2 multiparameter sonde to measure temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, and turbidity. Each experimental site had replicate sampling events on two different days. Instrument Name: YSI EXO multiparameter water quality sondes Instrument Short Name:YSI EXO   Instrument Description: Comprehensive multi-parameter, water-quality monitoring sondes designed for long-term monitoring, profiling and spot sampling. The EXO sondes are split into several categories: EXO1 Sonde, EXO2 Sonde, EXO3 Sonde. Each category has a slightly different design purpose with the EXO2 and EXO3 containing more sensor ports than the EXO1. Data are collected using up to four user-replaceable sensors and an integral pressure transducer. Users communicate with the sonde via a field cable to an EXO Handheld, via Bluetooth wireless connection to a PC, or a USB connection to a PC. Typical parameter specifications for relevant sensors include dissolved oxygen with ranges of 0-50 mg/l, with a resolution of +/- 0.1 mg/l, an accuracy of 1 percent of reading for values between 0-20 mg/l and an accuracy of +/- 5 percent of reading for values 20-50 mg/l. Temp ranges are from-5 to +50 degC, with an accuracy of +/- 0.001 degC. Conductivity has a range of 0-200 mS/cm, with an accuracy of +/-0.5 percent of reading + 0.001 mS/cm and a resolution of 0.0001 - 0.01 mS/cm.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      </gmi:MI_AcquisitionInformation>
  </gmi:acquisitionInformation>
</gmi:MI_Metadata>
