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            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/990924.rdf" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Daily intertidal temperatures (air and water) for Oregon and California PISCO sites from 1993 to 2024</gmx:Anchor>
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            <gco:CharacterString>Cite this dataset as: Gravem, S., Menge, B. A. (2026) Daily intertidal temperatures (air and water) for Oregon and California PISCO sites from 1993 to 2024. Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2026-01-30 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/990924 [access date]</gco:CharacterString>
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        <gco:CharacterString>Dataset Description: &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;This time series is part of the LTREB project listed on this page (Award&amp;amp;nbsp;DEB-2050017) and was supported by the prior awards listed in the “Awards” section on this page.&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
PISCO = Partnership for Interdisciplinary Studies of Coastal Oceans&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;
MARINe =&amp;amp;nbsp;Multi-Agency Rocky Intertidal Network&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt; Methods and Sampling: &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;To characterize the temperature regime at each site, we used existing temperature loggers deployed by the PISCO and MARINe research programs. Temperature loggers (HOBO TidBit v2 by Onset) were deployed at fixed locations inside steel mesh cages, set to record every 15 mins, and swapped every ~6-12 months. Once loggers were collected, we assigned the tidal levels for each site and time stamp using Xtide software (https://flaterco.com/xtide/files.html) and the nearest harmonic tidal station.&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size:13px&amp;quot;&amp;gt;See Gravem et al. (2024, doi:10.1111/jbi.15029; Appendix S1, Table S1.2a)&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;. We graphed the temperature and the tide heights for each logger, and used this to visually estimate the shore level of the logger to the nearest 0.5 ft (air temperatures have clearly higher variance than water temperatures). We assigned any tide height higher than the logger height as “water” and any tide height lower than the logger height as “air”. We calculated the daily average mean and maximum air and water temperatures at each site. We also calculated the average daily mean, minimum and maximum water temperature. On wavy days, temperatures assigned as air temperatures probably intermittently submerged. However, we are more interested in air temperature stress than average air temperature, so our focal air temperature metric was maximum daily air temperature, which likely occurred during the lowest tides when waves were not washing over the loggers.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;</gco:CharacterString>
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        <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/award/54837.rdf" xlink:title="OCE-1061233" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1061233 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1061233</gmx:Anchor>
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        <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/award/54956.rdf" xlink:title="OCE-0726983" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-0726983 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=0726983</gmx:Anchor>
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        <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/award/542394.rdf" xlink:title="OCE-1448913" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1448913 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=1448913</gmx:Anchor>
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        <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/award/865694.rdf" xlink:title="DEB-2050017" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Funding provided by NSF Division of Environmental Biology (NSF DEB) Award Number: DEB-2050017 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award?AWD_ID=2050017</gmx:Anchor>
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        <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/award/990933.rdf" xlink:title="DEB-1554702" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Funding provided by NSF Division of Environmental Biology (NSF DEB) Award Number: DEB-1554702 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award/?AWD_ID=1554702</gmx:Anchor>
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        <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/award/990935.rdf" xlink:title="DEB-1050694" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Funding provided by NSF Division of Environmental Biology (NSF DEB) Award Number: DEB-1050694 Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/show-award/?AWD_ID=1050694</gmx:Anchor>
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&lt;p&gt;In recent decades, ocean ecosystems, long thought to be immune to change, have undergone disruptions to their structure, diversity, and geographic range, yet the actual underlying reasons for such changes in oceanic biota are often unclear. Coastal intertidal zones (i.e., the shore between high and low tides) have long served as important ecological model systems because of advantages in accessibility and ease of observation, occupancy by easily studied and manipulated organisms of relatively short lifespans, and exposure to often severe environmental conditions. This research will address the stability of a well-known rocky shore system along the Oregon and California coasts. Prior long-term research indicates that, although casual observation suggests these systems are stable, in fact, they may be on the cusp of shifting into another state, losing iconic organisms like mussels and sea stars, and becoming dominated by seaweeds. These changes might be comparable to losing trees and large predators from terrestrial systems. This study would result in the training of undergraduates and graduate students, including individuals from under-represented groups. Additionally, this study would include outreach to the general public.&lt;/p&gt;
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                  <gco:CharacterString>* Table within the submitted file &amp;quot;Temps_Daily.csv&amp;quot; was imported into the BCO-DMO data system for this dataset. Values &amp;quot;NA&amp;quot; imported as missing data values.   Table will appear as Data File: 990924_v1_daily-intertidal-temps.csv (along with other download format options).

* Sheet 1 within file &amp;quot;TempLogger_LatLongShoreLevel_2023-11-17_SAG.xlsx&amp;quot; was imported and appears in this dataset as &amp;quot;templogger-site-metadata.csv&amp;quot;

* Table within BCODMO_SiteList_STARS_2023-04-11_SAG.xlsx added as supplemental file sitelist_stars.csv

Missing Data Identifiers:
* In the BCO-DMO data system missing data identifiers are displayed according to the format of data you access. For example, in csv files it will be blank (null) values. In Matlab .mat files it will be NaN values. When viewing data online at BCO-DMO, the missing value will be shown as blank (null) values.

* Column names in the supplemental table were adjusted to conform to BCO-DMO naming conventions designed to support broad re-use by a variety of research tools and scripting languages. [Only numbers, letters, and underscores.  Can not start with a number]

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