14:I[71133,["4507","static/chunks/e2799680-446c489506865058.js","7665","static/chunks/7665-81c5407bc4489ff9.js","8500","static/chunks/8500-e4dd1cb1bb626827.js","9753","static/chunks/9753-028c0a26aa71f2d4.js","8437","static/chunks/8437-a09d0b83fcec76af.js","4557","static/chunks/4557-64c5efa221bc528f.js","947","static/chunks/947-410627998426400f.js","5357","static/chunks/5357-6142894e88cb7da2.js","8382","static/chunks/app/dataset/%5Bid%5D/data/view/page-177ea8adea7aed86.js"],"default"] 15:T11b3,

Sample collection

Water column samples were collected in February and March 2023 aboard the R/V Atlantic Explorer using a trace metal clean rosette (SeaBird) outfitted with 12-L Niskin-X samplers (Ocean Test Equipment), a trace metal clean pump, or a custom surface pump “towfish” system (Mellett and Buck, 2020). Seawater samples for dissolved (D) trace metal analysis were filtered through 0.2 µm Pall Acropak Super membrane filter capsules and collected in acid-cleaned and triple-rinsed 125-mL low density polyethylene (LDPE) bottles. A subset of dissolved trace metal samples was collected in fluorinated high-density polyethylene (FPE, Nalgene) bottles for subsequent ultrafiltration for soluble trace metal analysis. These samples were filtered through 0.02 µm Anodisc filter membranes (Cytiva Whatman) held in a Teflon filtration rig (Savillex) on a custom acrylic tower and collected in acid-cleaned and triple-rinsed 125-mL LDPE bottles. Unfiltered seawater samples for total dissolvable trace metal analysis were also collected in acid-cleaned and triple-rinsed 125-mL low density polyethylene (LDPE) bottles.

Samples from seawater incubation experiments were filtered through consecutive acid-cleaned 5 µm and 0.4 µm polycarbonate track-etched (PCTE, Whatman) filters in a dual stage Teflon filter rig (Savillex) on a custom acrylic tower. Filtrate from the 0.4 µm filters was collected in acid-cleaned and triple-rinsed 125-mL LDPE bottles for subsequent dissolved trace metal concentration measurements. The 5 µm and 0.4 µm filters were folded in eighths, placed in acid-cleaned snap-cap polypropylene centrifuge tubes, and frozen at -20 ºC for labile particulate metals.

All dissolved, soluble and total dissolvable trace metal samples were acidified shipboard with ultrapure hydrochloric acid (HCl, Optima) to 0.024 N HCl, double bagged in buckets and stored at room temperature until analyzed at Oregon State University (OSU).

Analysis of dissolved and soluble trace metal concentrations

Analysis of seawater samples for the concentrations of dissolved (<0.2 µm or <0.4 µm) and soluble (<0.02 µm) trace metals, including aluminum (Al; dissolved only), scandium (Sc), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), gadolinium (Gd), lutetium (Lu) and lead (Pb), were performed using an automated SeaFAST pico (Elemental Scientific, Inc.) in-line (Lagerström et al. 2013) with a Thermo Scientific iCAP-RQ Quadrupole CCT ICP-MS. This instrument is maintained at OSU in the Keck Collaboratory for Plasma Spectrometry.

Trace metals were eluted from the Nobias-1A resin in seaFAST using 10% nitric acid (Optima, Fisher) containing 1 ppb indium as an internal standard and quantified using nine-point calibration curves in filtered (<0.2 µm) surface seawater collected offshore in the Gulf of Mexico in 2018 (Hollister et al. 2020) and stored unacidified in an acid-cleaned and double-bagged polypropylene in the dark; prior to use for the seawater matrix, a 2-L aliquot was pulled from the carboy and acidified to 0.024 N hydrochloric acid (HCl, Optima) to match the sample matrix. Subsamples of two in-house seawater quality control samples (collected previously from offshore surface waters, and from the EPZ GEOTRACES GP16 transect) were measured in each run and were also analyzed in tandem with community-established reference materials (SAFe-D1, SAFe-D2, GSC and NASS-7). All reference material results are provided in the supplemental document. Analytical blanks for the seaFAST method were obtained using air blanks, and limits of detection were calculated as three times the standard deviation of the averaged air blanks in each analytical run (Hollister et al. 2020).

Samples were analyzed a second time following the same procedure outlined above but after 90 minutes of UV-oxidation to ensure complete recovery of any organic-bound Cu and Co (Biller and Bruland 2012). The UV-oxidation was carried out on aliquots of samples in 15-mL Teflon vials (Savillex) with custom quartz lids (Hollister et al. 2020). For all elements except Cu and Co, results from analyses after UV-oxidation were combined with no UV results to achieve an additional analytical replicate.

Sample analyses for trace metals were performed by senior researcher Dr. Salvatore Caprara in the College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences at Oregon State University.

16:Tbde,

Data were flagged using the SeaDataNet quality flag scheme recommended by GEOTRACES (https://www.geotraces.org/geotraces-quality-flag-policy/) and described below. Notes specific to the application of these flags to this dataset are noted in brackets […].

0: No Quality Control: No quality control procedures have been applied to the data value. This is the initial status for all data values entering the working archive. [Not used].

1: Good Value: Good quality data value that is not part of any identified malfunction and has been verified as consistent with real phenomena during the quality control process. [Used for parameters analyzed in replicate or accompanied by certified reference material analyses. See accompanying Table 1 in the supplemental document for certified reference material values obtained in this study].

2: Probably Good Value: Data value that is probably consistent with real phenomena, but this is unconfirmed or data value forming part of a malfunction that is considered too small to affect the overall quality of the data object of which it is a part. [Used when no replicate measurements and no certified reference were available to check the quality of the data].

3: Probably Bad Value: Data value recognized as unusual during quality control that forms part of a feature that is probably inconsistent with real phenomena. [Used when either precision of the results was poor or results were inconsistent with expected distributions].

4: Bad Value: An obviously erroneous data value. [Not used].

5: Changed Value: Data value adjusted during quality control. Best practice strongly recommends that the value before the change be preserved in the data or its accompanying metadata. [Not used].

6: Value Below Detection Limit: The level of the measured phenomenon was less than the limit of detection (LOD) for the method employed to measure it. The accompanying value is the detection limit for the technique or zero if that value is unknown. [Values below detection are reported as 0 and should be interpreted using the associated quality flag = 6. Average blanks and detection limits for each parameter are provided in accompanying Table 2 in the supplemental document].

7: Value in Excess: The level of the measured phenomenon was too large to be quantified by the technique employed to measure it. The accompanying value is the measurement limit for the technique. [Not used].

8: Interpolated Value: This value has been derived by interpolation from other values in the data object. [Not used].

9: Missing Value: The data value is missing. Any accompanying value will be a magic number representing absent data [Used when no data available for this parameter].

A: Value Phenomenon Uncertain: There is uncertainty in the description of the measured phenomenon associated with the value such as chemical species or biological entity. [Not used].

17:T4e4,- Loaded BCO-DMO_Buck_STING-I_Metals_260206.csv as CSV with row 1 as header, row 2 skipped (units row), treating "", "nd", "na", and "nda" as missing values - Combined DATE_UTC and TIME_UTC columns (format %m/%d/%y and %H:%M) into new DATETIME_UTC column formatted as %Y-%m-%dT%H:%MZ (datetime type) - Combined DATE_EST and TIME_EST columns (format %m/%d/%y and %H:%M) into new DATETIME_EST column formatted as %Y-%m-%dT%H:%M (datetime type) - Reordered all columns, placing DATETIME_UTC and DATETIME_EST after their source date/time columnsconcentration/stdev/count/flag columns for Al, Sc, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Gd, Lu, and Pb - Reformatted DATE_UTC as %Y-%m-%d date type (UTC timezone) - Reformatted DATE_EST as %Y-%m-%d datetime type (America/New_York timezone) - Applied BCO-DMO metadata (descriptions, supplied_units, standard_name_ids) to all columns; corrected unit labels where "pmol" had been incorrectly used instead of "nmol" for Cu, Mn, Ni, Zn, and Fe dissolved/soluble columns - Renamed column Cou_S_UV_FLAG to Cu_S_UV_FLAG to correct a typo - Updated descriptions for Mn_S_COUNT, Ni_D_FLAG, and Ni_S_FLAG columns to identify the correct field being referenced - Output written to 997813_v1_sting_i_dissolved_soluble_tm.csv18:T4d7,This dataset includes concentrations of soluble and dissolved trace metals (Al, Sc, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Gd, Lu, Pb) from phytoplankton shipboard incubation experiments and water column samples collected on STING I cruise AE2305 on R/V Atlantic Explorer over the West Florida Shelf from February to March 2023. This project investigates how groundwater discharge delivers important nutrients to the coastal ecosystems of the West Florida Shelf. Preliminary studies had indicated that groundwater may supply both dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and iron in this region. In coastal ecosystems like the West Florida Shelf that have very low nitrate and ammonium concentrations, DON is the main form of nitrogen available to organisms. Nitrogen cycling is strongly affected by iron availability because iron is essential for both photosynthesis and for nitrogen fixation. This study investigated the sources and composition of DON and iron, and their influence on the coastal ecosystem. The team sampled offshore groundwater wells, river and estuarine waters from shore, and conducted two expeditions across the West Florida Shelf in winter and summer for surface and depth profile sampling and for shipboard incubation experiments.19:Te17,NSF Award Abstract: This project will investigate how groundwater discharge delivers important nutrients to the coastal ecosystems of the West Florida Shelf. Preliminary studies indicate that groundwater may supply both dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and iron in this region. In coastal ecosystems like the West Florida Shelf that have very low nitrate and ammonium concentrations, DON is the main form of nitrogen available to organisms. Nitrogen cycling is strongly affected by iron availability because iron is essential for both photosynthesis and for nitrogen fixation. This study will investigate the sources and composition of DON and iron, and their influence on the coastal ecosystem. The team will sample offshore groundwater wells, river and estuarine waters, and conduct two expeditions across the West Florida Shelf in winter and summer. Investigators will participate in K-12 and outreach activities to increase awareness of the project and related science. The project will fund the work of six graduate and eight undergraduate students across five institutions, furthering NSF’s goals of education and training. Motivated by preliminary observations of unexplained, tightly-correlated DON and dissolved iron concentrations across the West Florida Shelf (WFS), the proposed work will quantify the flux and isotopic signatures of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD)-derived DON and iron to the WFS, and evaluate the bioavailability of this temporally-variable source using four seasonal near-shore campaigns sampling offshore groundwater wells, estuarine, and riverine endmembers and two cross-shelf cruises. The work will evaluate whether SGD stimulates nitrogen fixation on the WFS, and the potential for the stimulated nitrogen fixation to further modify the chemistry of DON and dissolved iron in the region. The cross-shelf cruises will investigate hypothesized periods of maximum SGD and Trichodesmium abundance (June), and reduced river discharge and SGD (February), thus comparing two distinct biogeochemical regimes. The concentrations and isotopic compositions of DON and dissolved iron, molecular composition of DON, and the concentration and composition of iron-binding ligands will be characterized. Nitrogen fixation rates and Trichodesmium spp. abundance and expression of iron stress genes will be measured. Fluxes of DON and iron from SGD and rivers will be quantified with radium isotope mass balances. The impacts of SGD on nitrogen fixation and DON/ligand production will be constrained with incubations of natural phytoplankton communities with submarine groundwater amendments. Two hypotheses will be tested: 1) SGD is the dominant source of bioavailable DON and dissolved iron on the WFS, and 2) SGD-alleviation of iron stress changes the dominant Trichodesmium species on the WFS, increases nitrogen fixation rates and modifies DON and iron composition. Overall, the work will establish connections between marine nitrogen and iron cycling and evaluate the potential for coastal inputs to modify water along the WFS before export to the Atlantic Ocean. This study will thus provide a framework to consider these boundary fluxes in oligotrophic coastal systems and the relative importance of rivers and SGD as sources of nitrogen and iron in other analogous locations, such as coastal systems in Australia, India, and Africa, where nitrogen fixation and SGD have also been documented. This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.6:["$","$L14",null,{"dataset":{"_id":"997813","description":"","problem":"","acquisition":"$15","processing":"$16","bcodmoProcessing":"$17","title":"Concentrations of soluble and dissolved trace metals in water column samples and incubation experiments from STING I cruise AE2305 on R/V Atlantic Explorer over the West Florida Shelf from February to March 2023","nickname":"STING I Dissolved Soluble Trace Metals","dataUrl":"","currentState":"Final no updates expected","currentStateId":"7","validated":true,"restricted":false,"version":"1","version_date":"2026-05-27T04:00:00.000Z","abstract":"$18","citation":"Buck, K. N., Caprara, S. 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Niskin bottles are used to collect discrete water samples for a range of measurements including pigments, nutrients, plankton, etc.","type_acronym":"Niskin bottle"},{"_id":"999627","name":"TM pump sampling system","description":"TM pump sampling system: Acid-cleaned ½” PTFE tubing was deployed on 1/4” 12-strand Spectra synthetic line to collect surface and water column depth profile seawater samples at stations with water depth < 50 m; seawater was pumped on board using a Wilden Pro-Flo Series P100 PTFE Diaphragm Pump.","type_id":"726","type_name":"Pump","type_desc":"A pump is a device that moves fluids (liquids or gases), or sometimes slurries, by mechanical action. Pumps can be classified into three major groups according to the method they use to move the fluid: direct lift, displacement, and gravity pumps","type_acronym":""},{"_id":"999629","name":"iCAP-RQ Quadrupole CCT ICP-MS (Thermo Scientific)","description":"iCAP-RQ Quadrupole CCT ICP-MS (Thermo Scientific) was used to measure trace metal concentrations in seawater samples.","type_id":"842793","type_name":"Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer","type_desc":"A piece of apparatus that consists of an ion source, a mass-to-charge analyser, a detector and a vacuum system and is used to measure mass spectra. The detector is a quadrupole mass-to-charge analyser, which holds the ions in a stable orbit by an electric field generated by four parallel electrodes.\r\n\r\n ","type_acronym":"QMS"},{"_id":"999628","name":"SeaFAST pico (ESI)","description":"SeaFAST pico (ESI) was used to preconcentrate trace elements from seawater samples.","type_id":"820527","type_name":"SeaFAST Automated Preconcentration System","type_desc":"The seaFAST is an automated sample introduction system for analysis of seawater and other high matrix samples for analyses by ICPMS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry).","type_acronym":""},{"_id":"999626","name":"towfish","description":"Towfish: Seawater samples were collected with a custom surface sampling system, “towfish” (Mellett and Buck 2020), comprised of acid cleaned Bev-A-Line-IV tubing and an Almatec E15TTT Double PTFE Diaphragm Pump.","type_id":"896805","type_name":"towed unmanned submersible","type_desc":"A vehicle towed by rigid cable through the water column at fixed or varying depth with no propulsion and no human operator (e.g. Towfish, Scanfish, UOR, SeaSoar).","type_acronym":"towed unmanned submersible"}],"parameters":[{"_id":"999495","name":"STING_ID","format":"","frictionlessType":"string","description":"

Unique number assigned to each sampling event in STING project

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"960","name":"sample","description":"

unique sample identification or number; any combination of alpha numeric characters; precise definition is file dependent

"}},{"_id":"999496","name":"CRUISE_ID","format":"","frictionlessType":"string","description":"

Research cruise identifier

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1102","name":"cruise_id","description":"

cruise designation; name

"}},{"_id":"999497","name":"EVTNBR","format":"","frictionlessType":"string","description":"

Event number; 'nda' for 'no data available' or missing information; 'na' for 'not applicable', used for incubation sampling events

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"829","name":"event","description":"

Event or operation identifier; event or operation number; often derived from date/time (MMDDHHmm) of sampling and when combined with year (YYYY) is a unique sampling identifier/data processing key. Date/time is not necessarily in GMT.

"}},{"_id":"999498","name":"DATETIME_UTC","format":"%Y-%m-%dT%H:%MZ","frictionlessType":"datetime","description":"

UTC datetime when sample was collected

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1908","name":"ISO_DateTime_UTC","description":"

Date/Time (UTC) ISO formatted
\nThis standard is based on ISO 8601:2004(E) and takes on any of the following forms:
\n2009-08-30T09:05:00[.xx] (local time)
\n2009-08-30T14:05:00[.xx]Z (UTC time)
\n2009-08-30T14:05:00[.xx]-05:00
\nThe dashes and the colons can be dropped.
\nThe T can also be dropped \"by mutual agreement\", but one needs the trailing Z if the time is UTC.

Sample ISO_datetime_utc:
\n2009-08-30T14:05:00[.xx]Z (UTC time)

Format: YYYY-mm-ddTHH:MM:SS[.xx]Z (UTC time)

"}},{"_id":"1000214","name":"DATE_UTC","format":"%Y-%m-%d","frictionlessType":"date","description":"

UTC date when sample was collected

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1070","name":"date","description":"

date; generally reported in GMT as YYYYMMDD (year; month; day); also as MMDD (month; day); EqPac dates are local Hawaii time. ISO_Date format is YYYY-MM-DD (http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/iso8601.htm)

"}},{"_id":"1000215","name":"TIME_UTC","format":"%H:%M","frictionlessType":"time","description":"

UTC time when sample was collected; 'nda' for 'no data available' or missing information; 'na' for 'not applicable', used for incubation sampling events

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1075","name":"time","description":"

Time GMT defined as HHMM; time of day; generally reported in GMT as HHMM (hours and minutes) but may also be HH.H (decimal hours) or HHMMSS (hours; minutes and seconds); in EqPac time is reported as Hawaii local time

"}},{"_id":"999500","name":"DATETIME_EST","format":"%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M","frictionlessType":"datetime","description":"

Local datetime, in Eastern Standard Time (EST) when sample was collected

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1909","name":"ISO_DateTime_Local","description":"

Date/Time (Local) ISO formatted
\nThis standard is based on ISO 8601:2004(E) and takes on any of the following forms:
\nYYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS[.xx]
\n2009-08-30T09:05:00[.xx] (local time)
\n2009-08-30T14:05:00[.xx]Z (UTC time)
\n2009-08-30T14:05:00[.xx]-05:00
\nThe dashes and the colons can be dropped.
\nThe T can also be dropped \"by mutual agreement\", but one needs the trailing Z if the time is UTC.

Note the Time Zone (TZ) as +/-HH:MM
\nTime Zone signage is for conversion from local to UTC
\nWest Coast USA in summer is +7 (add 7 hrs to local time for UTC)

"}},{"_id":"1000216","name":"DATE_EST","format":"%Y-%m-%d","frictionlessType":"datetime","description":"

Local date when sample was collected, Eastern Standard Time (EST)

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"799","name":"date_local","description":"

local month, day and year, usually as a text string, e.g. feb10_1995. It is better to use one of the other forms of presenting date and time data so that the data can be used in computations and for comparisons. Note, if the string begins with numbers but also includes letters, there may be problems using the field name for retrieval.

"}},{"_id":"1000217","name":"TIME_EST","format":"%H:%M","frictionlessType":"time","description":"

Local time when sample was collected, Eastern Standard Time (EST); 'nda' for 'no data available' or missing information; 'na' for 'not applicable', used for incubation sampling events

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1007","name":"time_local","description":"

time of day, local time, using 2400 clock format

"}},{"_id":"999501","name":"LATITUDE_SHIP","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Ship position when sample was collected, positive is North; 'nda' for 'no data available' or missing information

","units":{"_id":"","name":"decimal degrees"},"type":{"_id":"730","name":"latitude","description":"

latitude, in decimal degrees, North is positive, negative denotes South; Reported in some datasets as degrees, minutes

"}},{"_id":"999503","name":"LONGITUDE_SHIP","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Ship position when sample was collected, negative is West; 'nda' for 'no data available' or missing information

","units":{"_id":"","name":"decimal degrees"},"type":{"_id":"731","name":"longitude","description":"

longitude, in decimal degrees, East is positive, negative denotes West; Reported in some datasets as degrees, minutes

"}},{"_id":"999505","name":"PLATFORM","format":"","frictionlessType":"string","description":"

Sampling system used; TMC CTD = trace metal CTD rosette; FISH = trace metal tow fish; TM PUMP = trace metal pump; INC = incubation

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1106","name":"cast_type","description":"

sampling activity code (e.g. where CTD means CTD rosette bottle cast; TM means Trace Metal free rosette bottle cast, etc.) or other indicator of type of cast

"}},{"_id":"999506","name":"CASTNBR","format":"","frictionlessType":"string","description":"

Cast number; 'na' for 'not applicable', used for TM pump sampling events

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"761","name":"cast","description":"

cast or profile number

"}},{"_id":"999507","name":"STNNBR","format":"","frictionlessType":"string","description":"

Station number; 'na' for 'not applicable', used for incubation sampling events

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"987","name":"station","description":"

Station identifier; a unique number or alphanumeric string designating a general geographic location at which one or more sampling activities may occur.

"}},{"_id":"999508","name":"LATITUDE_MAP","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Position of STN_MAP, positive is North; 'nda' for 'no data available' or missing information

","units":{"_id":"","name":"decimal degrees"},"type":{"_id":"730","name":"latitude","description":"

latitude, in decimal degrees, North is positive, negative denotes South; Reported in some datasets as degrees, minutes

"}},{"_id":"999509","name":"LONGITUDE_MAP","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Position of STN_MAP, negative is West; 'nda' for 'no data available' or missing information

","units":{"_id":"","name":"decimal degrees"},"type":{"_id":"731","name":"longitude","description":"

longitude, in decimal degrees, East is positive, negative denotes West; Reported in some datasets as degrees, minutes

"}},{"_id":"999510","name":"STN_MAP","format":"","frictionlessType":"string","description":"

Station number assigned retroactively to orient data to map and repeat sampling across field efforts; 'na' for 'not applicable', used for incubation sampling events

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"987","name":"station","description":"

Station identifier; a unique number or alphanumeric string designating a general geographic location at which one or more sampling activities may occur.

"}},{"_id":"999511","name":"BTLNBR","format":"","frictionlessType":"string","description":"

CTD rosette bottle number for field samples, or incubation number for incubation samples; 'na' for 'not applicable' used for TM pump and FISH sampling

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"757","name":"bottle","description":"

water bottle number, generally assigned to a position on a CTD rosette, identifies all samples drawn from a given bottle

"}},{"_id":"999512","name":"DEPTH","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Sample collection depth below sea surface; 'no data available' or missing information; 'na' for 'not applicable' to that sample

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Meters (m)"},"type":{"_id":"808","name":"depth","description":"

Observation/sample depth below the sea surface. Units often reported as: meters, feet.

\nWhen used in a JGOFS/GLOBEC dataset the depth is a best estimate; usually but not always calculated from pressure; calculated either from CTD pressure using Fofonoff and Millard (1982; UNESCO Tech Paper #44) algorithm adjusted for 1980 equation of state for seawater (EOS80) or simply equivalent to nominal depth as recorded during sampling if CTD pressure was unavailable.

"}},{"_id":"999514","name":"TREATMENT","format":"","frictionlessType":"string","description":"

Incubation treatment; 'na' for 'not applicable', used for non-incubation samples

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"489066","name":"treatment","description":"

Experimental conditions applied to experimental units. In comparative experiments, members of the complementary group, the control group, receive either no treatment or a standard treatment.

"}},{"_id":"999515","name":"TIMEPOINT","format":"","frictionlessType":"string","description":"

Incubation timepoint; 'na' for 'not applicable', used for non-incubation samples

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"472026","name":"time_point","description":"

Arbitrary time point of sampling in a sampling sequence (T0, T1,....Tn)

"}},{"_id":"999516","name":"Al_D_CONC","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Concentrations of dissolved (<0.2 or 0.4 µm) aluminum (Al) in project samples. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Nanomoles per liter (nM)"},"type":{"_id":"1982","name":"Al","description":"

Al (Aluminum)

"}},{"_id":"999517","name":"Al_D_STDEV","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Standard deviation of replicate dissolved aluminum (Al) measurements. If only 2 replicates, the difference about the mean was used to calculate error. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no error estimates calculated for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Nanomoles per liter (nM)"},"type":{"_id":"1974","name":"standard deviation","description":"

Generic standard deviation value, taking on the units of the parameter that it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"999518","name":"Al_D_COUNT","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Number of analyses used for Al_D_Conc. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1079","name":"count","description":"

Number of items or individuals counted in sample or sample fraction

"}},{"_id":"999519","name":"Al_D_FLAG","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Quality flag for Al_D_CONC

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1144","name":"q_flag","description":"

quality flag; based on a PI established code; identifies a problem/quality issue with sample(s) from a given water bottle or single observation

"}},{"_id":"999520","name":"Sc_D_CONC","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Concentrations of dissolved (<0.2 or 0.4 µm) scandium (Sc) in project samples. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Picomoles per liter (pM)"},"type":{"_id":"879413","name":"Sc","description":"

Scandium is a chemical element with the symbol Sc and atomic number 21.

"}},{"_id":"999521","name":"Sc_D_STDEV","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Standard deviation of replicate dissolved scandium (Sc) measurements. If only 2 replicates, the difference about the mean was used to calculate error. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no error estimates calculated for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Picomoles per liter (pM)"},"type":{"_id":"1974","name":"standard deviation","description":"

Generic standard deviation value, taking on the units of the parameter that it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"999522","name":"Sc_D_COUNT","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Number of analyses used for Sc_D_Conc. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1079","name":"count","description":"

Number of items or individuals counted in sample or sample fraction

"}},{"_id":"999523","name":"Sc_D_FLAG","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Quality flag for Sc_D_CONC

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1144","name":"q_flag","description":"

quality flag; based on a PI established code; identifies a problem/quality issue with sample(s) from a given water bottle or single observation

"}},{"_id":"999524","name":"Mn_D_CONC","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Concentrations of dissolved (<0.2 or 0.4 µm) manganese (Mn) in project samples. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Nanomoles per liter (nmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"490516","name":"Mn","description":"

Manganese (Mn). Concentrations may be reported in parts per million, nanomoles per liter, or other units. Refer to dataset metadata for units.

"}},{"_id":"999525","name":"Mn_D_STDEV","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Standard deviation of replicate dissolved manganese (Mn) measurements. If only 2 replicates, the difference about the mean was used to calculate error. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no error estimates calculated for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Nanomoles per liter (nmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"1974","name":"standard deviation","description":"

Generic standard deviation value, taking on the units of the parameter that it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"999526","name":"Mn_D_COUNT","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Number of analyses used for Mn_D_Conc. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1079","name":"count","description":"

Number of items or individuals counted in sample or sample fraction

"}},{"_id":"999527","name":"Mn_D_FLAG","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Quality flag for Mn_D_CONC

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1144","name":"q_flag","description":"

quality flag; based on a PI established code; identifies a problem/quality issue with sample(s) from a given water bottle or single observation

"}},{"_id":"999528","name":"Fe_D_CONC","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Concentrations of dissolved (<0.2 or 0.4 µm) iron (Fe) in project samples. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Nanomoles per liter (nmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"1981","name":"Fe","description":"

Iron (Fe). Concentrations may be reported in parts per million, nanomoles per liter, or other units. Refer to dataset metadata for units.

"}},{"_id":"999529","name":"Fe_D_STDEV","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Standard deviation of replicate dissolved iron (Fe) measurements. If only 2 replicates, the difference about the mean was used to calculate error. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no error estimates calculated for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Nanomoles per liter (nmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"1974","name":"standard deviation","description":"

Generic standard deviation value, taking on the units of the parameter that it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"999530","name":"Fe_D_COUNT","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Number of analyses used for Fe_D_Conc. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1079","name":"count","description":"

Number of items or individuals counted in sample or sample fraction

"}},{"_id":"999531","name":"Fe_D_FLAG","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Quality flag for Fe_D_CONC

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1144","name":"q_flag","description":"

quality flag; based on a PI established code; identifies a problem/quality issue with sample(s) from a given water bottle or single observation

"}},{"_id":"999532","name":"Co_D_UV_CONC","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Concentrations of dissolved (<0.2 or 0.4 µm) cobalt (Co) in project samples, measured after UV-oxidation. 'na' for 'not applicable'used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Picomoles per liter (pmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"820057","name":"Co","description":"

Cobalt (Co)

"}},{"_id":"999533","name":"Co_D_UV_STDEV","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Standard deviation of replicate dissolved cobalt (Co) measurements in samples that were UV-oxidized. If only 2 replicates, the difference about the mean was used to calculate error. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no error estimates calculated for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Picomoles per liter (pmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"1974","name":"standard deviation","description":"

Generic standard deviation value, taking on the units of the parameter that it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"999534","name":"Co_D_UV_COUNT","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Number of analyses used for Co_D_UV_Conc. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1079","name":"count","description":"

Number of items or individuals counted in sample or sample fraction

"}},{"_id":"999535","name":"Co_D_UV_FLAG","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Quality flag for Co_D_UV_CONC

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1144","name":"q_flag","description":"

quality flag; based on a PI established code; identifies a problem/quality issue with sample(s) from a given water bottle or single observation

"}},{"_id":"999536","name":"Co_D_noUV_CONC","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Concentrations of dissolved (<0.2 or 0.4 µm) cobalt (Co) in project samples; samples were not UV-oxidized prior to measurement. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Picomoles per liter (pmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"820057","name":"Co","description":"

Cobalt (Co)

"}},{"_id":"999537","name":"Co_D_noUV_STDEV","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Standard deviation of replicate dissolved cobalt (Co) measurements in samples that were not UV-oxidized. If only 2 replicates, the difference about the mean was used to calculate error. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no error estimates calculated for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Picomoles per liter (pmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"1974","name":"standard deviation","description":"

Generic standard deviation value, taking on the units of the parameter that it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"999538","name":"Co_D_noUV_COUNT","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Number of analyses used for Co_D_noUV_Conc. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1079","name":"count","description":"

Number of items or individuals counted in sample or sample fraction

"}},{"_id":"999539","name":"Co_D_noUV_FLAG","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Quality flag for Co_D_noUV_CONC

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1144","name":"q_flag","description":"

quality flag; based on a PI established code; identifies a problem/quality issue with sample(s) from a given water bottle or single observation

"}},{"_id":"999540","name":"Ni_D_CONC","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Concentrations of dissolved (<0.2 or 0.4 µm) nickel (Ni) in project samples. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Nanomoles per liter (nmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"820060","name":"Ni","description":"

Nickel (Ni)

"}},{"_id":"999541","name":"Ni_D_STDEV","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Standard deviation of replicate dissolved nickel (Ni) measurements. If only 2 replicates, the difference about the mean was used to calculate error. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no error estimates calculated for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Nanomoles per liter (nmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"1974","name":"standard deviation","description":"

Generic standard deviation value, taking on the units of the parameter that it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"999542","name":"Ni_D_COUNT","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Number of analyses used for Ni_D_Conc. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1079","name":"count","description":"

Number of items or individuals counted in sample or sample fraction

"}},{"_id":"999543","name":"Ni_D_FLAG","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Quality flag for Ni_D_CONC

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1144","name":"q_flag","description":"

quality flag; based on a PI established code; identifies a problem/quality issue with sample(s) from a given water bottle or single observation

"}},{"_id":"999544","name":"Cu_D_UV_CONC","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Concentrations of dissolved (<0.2 or 0.4 µm) copper (Cu) in project samples, measured after UV-oxidation. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Nanomoles per liter (nmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"707579","name":"Cu","description":"

Copper (Cu)

"}},{"_id":"999545","name":"Cu_D_UV_STDEV","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Standard deviation of replicate dissolved cobalt (Cu) measurements in samples that were UV-oxidized. If only 2 replicates, the difference about the mean was used to calculate error. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no error estimates calculated for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Nanomoles per liter (nmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"1974","name":"standard deviation","description":"

Generic standard deviation value, taking on the units of the parameter that it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"999546","name":"Cu_D_UV_COUNT","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Number of analyses used for Cu_D_UV_Conc. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1079","name":"count","description":"

Number of items or individuals counted in sample or sample fraction

"}},{"_id":"999547","name":"Cu_D_UV_FLAG","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Quality flag for Cu_D_UV_CONC

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1144","name":"q_flag","description":"

quality flag; based on a PI established code; identifies a problem/quality issue with sample(s) from a given water bottle or single observation

"}},{"_id":"999548","name":"Cu_D_noUV_CONC","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Concentrations of dissolved (<0.2 or 0.4 µm) copper (Cu) in project samples; samples were not UV-oxidized prior to measurement. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Nanomoles per liter (nmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"707579","name":"Cu","description":"

Copper (Cu)

"}},{"_id":"999549","name":"Cu_D_noUV_STDEV","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Standard deviation of replicate dissolved copper (Cu) measurements in samples that were not UV-oxidized. If only 2 replicates, the difference about the mean was used to calculate error. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no error estimates calculated for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Nanomoles per liter (nmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"1974","name":"standard deviation","description":"

Generic standard deviation value, taking on the units of the parameter that it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"999550","name":"Cu_D_noUV_COUNT","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Number of analyses used for Cu_D_noUV_Conc. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1079","name":"count","description":"

Number of items or individuals counted in sample or sample fraction

"}},{"_id":"999551","name":"Cu_D_noUV_FLAG","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Quality flag for Cu_D_noUV_CONC

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1144","name":"q_flag","description":"

quality flag; based on a PI established code; identifies a problem/quality issue with sample(s) from a given water bottle or single observation

"}},{"_id":"999552","name":"Zn_D_CONC","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Concentrations of dissolved (<0.2 or 0.4 µm) zinc (Zn) in project samples. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Nanomoles per liter (nmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"709855","name":"Zn","description":"

Zinc (Zn) concentration.

"}},{"_id":"999553","name":"Zn_D_STDEV","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Standard deviation of replicate dissolved zinc (Zn) measurements. If only 2 replicates, the difference about the mean was used to calculate error. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no error estimates calculated for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Nanomoles per liter (nmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"1974","name":"standard deviation","description":"

Generic standard deviation value, taking on the units of the parameter that it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"999554","name":"Zn_D_COUNT","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Number of analyses used for Zn_D_Conc. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1079","name":"count","description":"

Number of items or individuals counted in sample or sample fraction

"}},{"_id":"999555","name":"Zn_D_FLAG","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Quality flag for Zn_D_CONC

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1144","name":"q_flag","description":"

quality flag; based on a PI established code; identifies a problem/quality issue with sample(s) from a given water bottle or single observation

"}},{"_id":"999556","name":"Cd_D_CONC","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Concentrations of dissolved (<0.2 or 0.4 µm) cadmium (Cd) in project samples. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Picomoles per liter (pmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"820750","name":"Cadmium","description":"

Cadmium (Cd)

"}},{"_id":"999557","name":"Cd_D_STDEV","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Standard deviation of replicate dissolved cadmium (Cd) measurements. If only 2 replicates, the difference about the mean was used to calculate error. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no error estimates calculated for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Picomoles per liter (pmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"1974","name":"standard deviation","description":"

Generic standard deviation value, taking on the units of the parameter that it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"999558","name":"Cd_D_COUNT","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Number of analyses used for Cd_D_Conc. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1079","name":"count","description":"

Number of items or individuals counted in sample or sample fraction

"}},{"_id":"999559","name":"Cd_D_FLAG","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Quality flag for Cd_D_CONC

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1144","name":"q_flag","description":"

quality flag; based on a PI established code; identifies a problem/quality issue with sample(s) from a given water bottle or single observation

"}},{"_id":"999560","name":"Gd_D_CONC","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Concentrations of dissolved (<0.2 or 0.4 µm) gadolinium (Gd) in project samples. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Picomoles per liter (pmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"955827","name":"Gadolinium (Gd)","description":"

Gadolinium is a rare earth element (REE) with symbol Gd and atomic number 64

"}},{"_id":"999561","name":"Gd_D_STDEV","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Standard deviation of replicate dissolved gadolinium (Gd) measurements. If only 2 replicates, the difference about the mean was used to calculate error. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no error estimates calculated for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Picomoles per liter (pmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"1974","name":"standard deviation","description":"

Generic standard deviation value, taking on the units of the parameter that it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"999562","name":"Gd_D_COUNT","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Number of analyses used for Gd_D_Conc. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1079","name":"count","description":"

Number of items or individuals counted in sample or sample fraction

"}},{"_id":"999563","name":"Gd_D_FLAG","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Quality flag for Gd_D_CONC

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1144","name":"q_flag","description":"

quality flag; based on a PI established code; identifies a problem/quality issue with sample(s) from a given water bottle or single observation

"}},{"_id":"999564","name":"Lu_D_CONC","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Concentrations of dissolved (<0.2 or 0.4 µm) lutetium (Lu) in project samples. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Picomoles per liter (pmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"955813","name":"Lutetium (Lu)","description":"

Lutetium is a rare earth element (REE) with symbol Lu and atomic number 71

"}},{"_id":"999565","name":"Lu_D_STDEV","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Standard deviation of replicate dissolved lutetium (Lu) measurements. If only 2 replicates, the difference about the mean was used to calculate error. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no error estimates calculated for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Picomoles per liter (pmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"1974","name":"standard deviation","description":"

Generic standard deviation value, taking on the units of the parameter that it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"999566","name":"Lu_D_COUNT","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Number of analyses used for Lu_D_Conc. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1079","name":"count","description":"

Number of items or individuals counted in sample or sample fraction

"}},{"_id":"999567","name":"Lu_D_FLAG","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Quality flag for Lu_D_CONC

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1144","name":"q_flag","description":"

quality flag; based on a PI established code; identifies a problem/quality issue with sample(s) from a given water bottle or single observation

"}},{"_id":"999568","name":"Pb_D_CONC","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Concentrations of dissolved (<0.2 or 0.4 µm) lead (Pb) in project samples. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter.

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Picomoles per liter (pmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"707577","name":"Pb","description":"

Lead (Pb)

"}},{"_id":"999569","name":"Pb_D_STDEV","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Standard deviation of replicate dissolved lead (Pb) measurements. If only 2 replicates, the difference about the mean was used to calculate error. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no error estimates calculated for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Picomoles per liter (pmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"1974","name":"standard deviation","description":"

Generic standard deviation value, taking on the units of the parameter that it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"999570","name":"Pb_D_COUNT","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Number of analyses used for Pb_D_Conc. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1079","name":"count","description":"

Number of items or individuals counted in sample or sample fraction

"}},{"_id":"999571","name":"Pb_D_FLAG","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Quality flag for Pb_D_CONC

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1144","name":"q_flag","description":"

quality flag; based on a PI established code; identifies a problem/quality issue with sample(s) from a given water bottle or single observation

"}},{"_id":"999572","name":"Sc_S_CONC","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Concentrations of soluble (<0.02 µm) scandium (Sc) in project samples. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Picomoles per liter (pM)"},"type":{"_id":"879413","name":"Sc","description":"

Scandium is a chemical element with the symbol Sc and atomic number 21.

"}},{"_id":"999573","name":"Sc_S_STDEV","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Standard deviation of replicate soluble scandium (Sc) measurements. If only 2 replicates, the difference about the mean was used to calculate error. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no error estimates calculated for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Picomoles per liter (pM)"},"type":{"_id":"1974","name":"standard deviation","description":"

Generic standard deviation value, taking on the units of the parameter that it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"999574","name":"Sc_S_COUNT","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Number of analyses used for Sc_S_Conc. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1079","name":"count","description":"

Number of items or individuals counted in sample or sample fraction

"}},{"_id":"999575","name":"Sc_S_FLAG","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Quality flag for Sc_S_CONC

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1144","name":"q_flag","description":"

quality flag; based on a PI established code; identifies a problem/quality issue with sample(s) from a given water bottle or single observation

"}},{"_id":"999576","name":"Mn_S_CONC","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Concentrations of soluble (<0.02 µm) manganese (Mn) in project samples. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Nanomoles per liter (nmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"490516","name":"Mn","description":"

Manganese (Mn). Concentrations may be reported in parts per million, nanomoles per liter, or other units. Refer to dataset metadata for units.

"}},{"_id":"999577","name":"Mn_S_STDEV","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Standard deviation of replicate soluble manganese (Mn) measurements. If only 2 replicates, the difference about the mean was used to calculate error. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no error estimates calculated for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Nanomoles per liter (nmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"1974","name":"standard deviation","description":"

Generic standard deviation value, taking on the units of the parameter that it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"999578","name":"Mn_S_COUNT","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Number of analyses used for Mn_S_CONC

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1079","name":"count","description":"

Number of items or individuals counted in sample or sample fraction

"}},{"_id":"999579","name":"Mn_S_FLAG","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Quality flag for Mn_S_CONC

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1144","name":"q_flag","description":"

quality flag; based on a PI established code; identifies a problem/quality issue with sample(s) from a given water bottle or single observation

"}},{"_id":"999580","name":"Fe_S_CONC","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Concentrations of soluble (<0.02 µm) iron (Fe) in project samples. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Nanomoles per liter (nmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"1981","name":"Fe","description":"

Iron (Fe). Concentrations may be reported in parts per million, nanomoles per liter, or other units. Refer to dataset metadata for units.

"}},{"_id":"999581","name":"Fe_S_STDEV","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Standard deviation of replicate soluble iron (Fe) measurements. If only 2 replicates, the difference about the mean was used to calculate error. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no error estimates calculated for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Nanomoles per liter (nmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"1974","name":"standard deviation","description":"

Generic standard deviation value, taking on the units of the parameter that it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"999582","name":"Fe_S_COUNT","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Number of analyses used for Fe_S_Conc. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1079","name":"count","description":"

Number of items or individuals counted in sample or sample fraction

"}},{"_id":"999583","name":"Fe_S_FLAG","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Quality flag for Fe_S_CONC

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1144","name":"q_flag","description":"

quality flag; based on a PI established code; identifies a problem/quality issue with sample(s) from a given water bottle or single observation

"}},{"_id":"999584","name":"Co_S_UV_CONC","format":"","frictionlessType":"string","description":"

Concentrations of soluble (<0.02 µm) cobalt (Co) in project samples, measured after UV-oxidation. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter. 'nda' for 'no data available' used when sample not analyzed for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Picomoles per liter (pmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"820057","name":"Co","description":"

Cobalt (Co)

"}},{"_id":"999585","name":"Co_S_UV_STDEV","format":"","frictionlessType":"string","description":"

Standard deviation of replicate soluble cobalt (Co) measurements in samples that were UV-oxidized. If only 2 replicates, the difference about the mean was used to calculate error. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no error estimates calculated for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Picomoles per liter (pmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"1974","name":"standard deviation","description":"

Generic standard deviation value, taking on the units of the parameter that it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"999586","name":"Co_S_UV_COUNT","format":"","frictionlessType":"string","description":"

Number of analyses used for Co_S_UV_Conc. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1079","name":"count","description":"

Number of items or individuals counted in sample or sample fraction

"}},{"_id":"999587","name":"Co_S_UV_FLAG","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Quality flag for Co_S_UV_CONC

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1144","name":"q_flag","description":"

quality flag; based on a PI established code; identifies a problem/quality issue with sample(s) from a given water bottle or single observation

"}},{"_id":"999588","name":"Co_S_noUV_CONC","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Concentrations of soluble (<0.02 µm) cobalt (Co) in project samples; samples were not UV-oxidized prior to measurement. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Picomoles per liter (pmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"820057","name":"Co","description":"

Cobalt (Co)

"}},{"_id":"999589","name":"Co_S_noUV_STDEV","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Standard deviation of replicate soluble cobalt (Co) measurements in samples that were not UV-oxidized. If only 2 replicates, the difference about the mean was used to calculate error. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no error estimates calculated for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Picomoles per liter (pmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"1974","name":"standard deviation","description":"

Generic standard deviation value, taking on the units of the parameter that it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"999590","name":"Co_S_noUV_COUNT","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Number of analyses used for Co_S_noUV_Conc. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1079","name":"count","description":"

Number of items or individuals counted in sample or sample fraction

"}},{"_id":"999591","name":"Co_S_noUV_FLAG","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Quality flag for Co_S_noUV_CONC

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1144","name":"q_flag","description":"

quality flag; based on a PI established code; identifies a problem/quality issue with sample(s) from a given water bottle or single observation

"}},{"_id":"999592","name":"Ni_S_CONC","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Concentrations of soluble (<0.02 µm) nickel (Ni) in project samples. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Nanomoles per liter (nmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"820060","name":"Ni","description":"

Nickel (Ni)

"}},{"_id":"999593","name":"Ni_S_STDEV","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Standard deviation of replicate soluble nickel (Ni) measurements. If only 2 replicates, the difference about the mean was used to calculate error. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no error estimates calculated for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Nanomoles per liter (nmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"1974","name":"standard deviation","description":"

Generic standard deviation value, taking on the units of the parameter that it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"999594","name":"Ni_S_COUNT","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Number of analyses used for Ni_S_Conc. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1079","name":"count","description":"

Number of items or individuals counted in sample or sample fraction

"}},{"_id":"999595","name":"Ni_S_FLAG","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Quality flag for Ni_S_CONC

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1144","name":"q_flag","description":"

quality flag; based on a PI established code; identifies a problem/quality issue with sample(s) from a given water bottle or single observation

"}},{"_id":"999596","name":"Cu_S_UV_CONC","format":"","frictionlessType":"string","description":"

Concentrations of soluble (<0.02 µm) copper (Cu) in project samples, measured after UV-oxidation. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter. 'nda' for 'no data available' used when sample not analyzed for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Nanomoles per liter (nmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"707579","name":"Cu","description":"

Copper (Cu)

"}},{"_id":"999597","name":"Cu_S_UV_STDEV","format":"","frictionlessType":"string","description":"

Standard deviation of replicate soluble copper (Cu) measurements in samples that were UV-oxidized. If only 2 replicates, the difference about the mean was used to calculate error. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no error estimates calculated for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Nanomoles per liter (nmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"1974","name":"standard deviation","description":"

Generic standard deviation value, taking on the units of the parameter that it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"999598","name":"Cu_S_UV_COUNT","format":"","frictionlessType":"string","description":"

Number of analyses used for Cu_S_UV_Conc. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1079","name":"count","description":"

Number of items or individuals counted in sample or sample fraction

"}},{"_id":"999599","name":"Cu_S_UV_FLAG","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Quality flag for Cu_S_UV_CONC

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1144","name":"q_flag","description":"

quality flag; based on a PI established code; identifies a problem/quality issue with sample(s) from a given water bottle or single observation

"}},{"_id":"999600","name":"Cu_S_noUV_CONC","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Concentrations of soluble (<0.02 µm) copper (Cu) in project samples; samples were not UV-oxidized prior to measurement. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Nanomoles per liter (nmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"707579","name":"Cu","description":"

Copper (Cu)

"}},{"_id":"999601","name":"Cu_S_noUV_STDEV","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Standard deviation of replicate soluble copper (Cu) measurements in samples that were not UV-oxidized. If only 2 replicates, the difference about the mean was used to calculate error. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no error estimates calculated for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Nanomoles per liter (nmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"1974","name":"standard deviation","description":"

Generic standard deviation value, taking on the units of the parameter that it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"999602","name":"Cu_S_noUV_COUNT","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Number of analyses used for Cu_S_noUV_Conc. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1079","name":"count","description":"

Number of items or individuals counted in sample or sample fraction

"}},{"_id":"999603","name":"Cu_S_noUV_FLAG","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Quality flag for Cu_S_noUV_CONC

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1144","name":"q_flag","description":"

quality flag; based on a PI established code; identifies a problem/quality issue with sample(s) from a given water bottle or single observation

"}},{"_id":"999604","name":"Zn_S_CONC","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Concentrations of soluble (<0.02 µm) zinc (Zn) in project samples. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Nanomoles per liter (nmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"709855","name":"Zn","description":"

Zinc (Zn) concentration.

"}},{"_id":"999605","name":"Zn_S_STDEV","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Standard deviation of replicate soluble zinc (Zn) measurements. If only 2 replicates, the difference about the mean was used to calculate error. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no error estimates calculated for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Nanomoles per liter (nmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"1974","name":"standard deviation","description":"

Generic standard deviation value, taking on the units of the parameter that it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"999606","name":"Zn_S_COUNT","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Number of analyses used for Zn_S_Conc. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1079","name":"count","description":"

Number of items or individuals counted in sample or sample fraction

"}},{"_id":"999607","name":"Zn_S_FLAG","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Quality flag for Zn_S_CONC

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1144","name":"q_flag","description":"

quality flag; based on a PI established code; identifies a problem/quality issue with sample(s) from a given water bottle or single observation

"}},{"_id":"999608","name":"Cd_S_CONC","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Concentrations of soluble (<0.02 µm) cadmium (Cd) in project samples. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Picomoles per liter (pmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"820750","name":"Cadmium","description":"

Cadmium (Cd)

"}},{"_id":"999609","name":"Cd_S_STDEV","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Standard deviation of replicate soluble cadmium (Cd) measurements. If only 2 replicates, the difference about the mean was used to calculate error. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no error estimates calculated for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Picomoles per liter (pmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"1974","name":"standard deviation","description":"

Generic standard deviation value, taking on the units of the parameter that it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"999610","name":"Cd_S_COUNT","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Number of analyses used for Cd_S_Conc. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1079","name":"count","description":"

Number of items or individuals counted in sample or sample fraction

"}},{"_id":"999611","name":"Cd_S_FLAG","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Quality flag for Cd_S_CONC.

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1144","name":"q_flag","description":"

quality flag; based on a PI established code; identifies a problem/quality issue with sample(s) from a given water bottle or single observation

"}},{"_id":"999612","name":"Gd_S_CONC","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Concentrations of soluble (<0.02 µm) gadolinium (Gd) in project samples. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Picomoles per liter (pmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"955827","name":"Gadolinium (Gd)","description":"

Gadolinium is a rare earth element (REE) with symbol Gd and atomic number 64

"}},{"_id":"999613","name":"Gd_S_STDEV","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Standard deviation of replicate soluble gadolinium (Gd) measurements. If only 2 replicates, the difference about the mean was used to calculate error. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no error estimates calculated for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Picomoles per liter (pmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"1974","name":"standard deviation","description":"

Generic standard deviation value, taking on the units of the parameter that it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"999614","name":"Gd_S_COUNT","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Number of analyses used for Gd_S_Conc. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1079","name":"count","description":"

Number of items or individuals counted in sample or sample fraction

"}},{"_id":"999615","name":"Gd_S_FLAG","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Quality flag for Gd_S_CONC

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1144","name":"q_flag","description":"

quality flag; based on a PI established code; identifies a problem/quality issue with sample(s) from a given water bottle or single observation

"}},{"_id":"999616","name":"Lu_S_CONC","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Concentrations of soluble (<0.02 µm) lutetium (Lu) in project samples. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Picomoles per liter (pmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"955813","name":"Lutetium (Lu)","description":"

Lutetium is a rare earth element (REE) with symbol Lu and atomic number 71

"}},{"_id":"999617","name":"Lu_S_STDEV","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Standard deviation of replicate soluble lutetium (Lu) measurements. If only 2 replicates, the difference about the mean was used to calculate error. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no error estimates calculated for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Picomoles per liter (pmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"1974","name":"standard deviation","description":"

Generic standard deviation value, taking on the units of the parameter that it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"999618","name":"Lu_S_COUNT","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Number of analyses used for Lu_S_Conc. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1079","name":"count","description":"

Number of items or individuals counted in sample or sample fraction

"}},{"_id":"999619","name":"Lu_S_FLAG","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Quality flag for Lu_S_CONC

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1144","name":"q_flag","description":"

quality flag; based on a PI established code; identifies a problem/quality issue with sample(s) from a given water bottle or single observation

"}},{"_id":"999620","name":"Pb_S_CONC","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Concentrations of soluble (<0.02 µm) lead (Pb) in project samples. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Picomoles per liter (pmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"707577","name":"Pb","description":"

Lead (Pb)

"}},{"_id":"999621","name":"Pb_S_STDEV","format":"","frictionlessType":"number","description":"

Standard deviation of replicate soluble lead (Pb) measurements. If only 2 replicates, the difference about the mean was used to calculate error. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no error estimates calculated for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"Picomoles per liter (pmol/L)"},"type":{"_id":"1974","name":"standard deviation","description":"

Generic standard deviation value, taking on the units of the parameter that it is tied to.

"}},{"_id":"999622","name":"Pb_S_COUNT","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Number of analyses used for Pb_S_Conc. 'na' for 'not applicable' used when no sample was collected for this parameter

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1079","name":"count","description":"

Number of items or individuals counted in sample or sample fraction

"}},{"_id":"999623","name":"Pb_S_FLAG","format":"","frictionlessType":"integer","description":"

Quality flag for Pb_S_CONC

","units":{"_id":"","name":"unitless"},"type":{"_id":"1144","name":"q_flag","description":"

quality flag; based on a PI established code; identifies a problem/quality issue with sample(s) from a given water bottle or single observation

"}}],"related_publications":[{"id":"781822","citation":"Biller, D. V., & Bruland, K. W. (2012). Analysis of Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb in seawater using the Nobias-chelate PA1 resin and magnetic sector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Marine Chemistry, 130-131, 12–20. doi:10.1016/j.marchem.2011.12.001\r\n","relation_type":["Methods"],"relation_desc":""},{"id":"820537","citation":"Hollister, A. P., Kerr, M., Malki, K., Muhlbach, E., Robert, M., Tilney, C. L., Hubbard, K.A., & Buck, K. N. (2020). Regeneration of macronutrients and trace metals during phytoplankton decay: An experimental study. Limnology and Oceanography. doi:10.1002/lno.11429\r\n","relation_type":["Methods"],"relation_desc":""},{"id":"762083","citation":"Lagerström, M. E., Field, M. P., Séguret, M., Fischer, L., Hann, S., & Sherrell, R. M. (2013). Automated on-line flow-injection ICP-MS determination of trace metals (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn) in open ocean seawater: Application to the GEOTRACES program. Marine Chemistry, 155, 71–80. doi:10.1016/j.marchem.2013.06.001\r\n","relation_type":["Methods"],"relation_desc":""},{"id":"820554","citation":"Mellett, T., & Buck, K. N. (2020). Spatial and temporal variability of trace metals (Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Co, Ni, Cd, Pb), iron and copper speciation, and electroactive Fe-binding humic substances in surface waters of the eastern Gulf of Mexico. Marine Chemistry, 227: 103891. doi:10.1016/j.marchem.2020.103891\r\n","relation_type":["Methods"],"relation_desc":""}],"related_datasets":[],"services":[{"grouping":"","items":[{"name":"View Data","description":"An in-browser view of the primary tabular data file","url":"https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/997813/data/view","contentType":"text/html","actionType":"view"}]},{"grouping":"Metadata","items":[{"name":"HTML","description":"A simple HTML page of the dataset metadata","url":"https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/997813/description","contentType":"text/html","actionType":"view"},{"name":"PDF","description":"A PDF of the HTML dataset metadata","url":"https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/997813/Dataset_description.pdf","contentType":"application/pdf","actionType":"download"},{"name":"ISO 19115-2 (NOAA Profile)","description":"","url":"https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/997813/iso","contentType":"application/xml","actionType":"download"}]}],"programs":[],"projects":[{"_id":"880516","name":"Collaborative Research: Linking iron and nitrogen sources in an oligotrophic coastal margin: Nitrogen fixation and the role of boundary fluxes","acronym":"West Florida Shelf DON and Fe","description":"$19"}],"archives":[{"id_value":"10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.997813.1","url":"https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.997813.1","date_assigned":"2026-08-06","version_date":"2026-05-27","archiver":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI BCO-DMO)","archiver_id":"191"}],"license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","id":"CC-BY-4.0","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","spdxUri":"https://spdx.org/licenses/CC-BY-4.0"},"metrics":{"views":{"count":87},"downloads":{"count":79}}}}]