Dataset: High Sensitivity DIP

Name: Global distribution of phosphate using high sensitivity techniques from data aggregated from many studies between 1988-2017
Published: 2019-04-17
Keywords: magnesium induced precipitation, MAGIC, liquid waveglide cell, solid phase extraction, DIP, phosphate, dissolved inorganic phosphate, oceans

Cite This Dataset

DOI:10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.764704.1

Spatial Extent: N:68 E:179.530413 S:-40.1672467 W:-179.99976

Temporal Extent: 1988 - 2017

Project:

Convergence: RAISE: Linking the adaptive dynamics of plankton with emergent global ocean biogeochemistry (Ocean Stoichiometry)

Principal Investigator:

Adam Martiny (University of California-Irvine, UC Irvine)

BCO-DMO Data Manager:

Shannon Rauch (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, WHOI BCO-DMO)

Version:

Version Date:

2019-04-17

Restricted:

Validated:

Yes

Current State:

Final no updates expected

Global distribution of phosphate using high sensitivity techniques from data aggregated from many studies between 1988-2017

Abstract:

Surface ocean phosphate is commonly below the standard analytical detection limit (~100 nM) leading to an incomplete picture of the global variation and biogeochemical role of phosphate. This dataset represents a global compilation of phosphate measured using high-sensitivity methods including magnesium induced precipitation (MAGIC), liquid waveguide cell (LWCC), and solid phase extraction (SPE) methods. We compiled data from 42 major cruises covering all oligotrophic regions using high-sensitivity P measurements. The dataset covered a total of 50591 samples including 41747 samples from the upper 30 m. The compilations revealed several previously unrecognized low-P areas and clear regional biases. Our study demonstrates the importance of accurately quantifying nutrients for understanding the regulation of ocean ecosystems and biogeochemistry now and under future climate conditions.

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Archival Copy

Version Date	Archive	Persistent Identifier	Date Assigned
2019-04-17	Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA)	10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.764704.1	2019-08-28

Methods & Sampling

For complete methdology, see Martiny et al, (2019).

Data have been aggregated from many studies. Procedures and methodology include the following:
Sampling procedures: Liquid samples taken from the Rosette or Underway System. Samples are either processed fresh or stored frozen until processing. Some samples are pre-filtered.

Methodology: High sensitivity dissolved phosphate measurements done using either Liquid Waveguide Cells, magnesium induced precipitation (MAGIC), or solid phase extraction.

Many instruments were used but the main procedures include: MAGIC (Karl & Tien, 1992), LWCC - Liquid Waveguide cells (Li & Hansell, 2008), and Solid phase extraction (Ma, Yuan, & Yuan, 2017).

Data Processing Description

BCO-DMO Processing:
- removed units from parameter names;
- reformatted month and day to two-digits;
- replaced "-9" as missing data identifier with "nd" in the day column;
- added date field formatted as yyyymmdd.

Data Files

File
high_sensitivity_DIP.csv (Comma Separated Values (.csv), 2.47 MB) MD5:6f25c7d89b3d1a592009f17a1991edf5 Primary data file for dataset ID 764704

More Information about this dataset

Funding Sources

Funding Source	Award Number
NSF Division of Ocean Sciences	OCE-1848576

Deployments

None available yet

Instruments

Liquid Waveguide Capillary Cells

Supplied Name: Liquid Waveguide Cells

Supplied Description:

High sensitivity dissolved phosphate measurements done using either Liquid Waveguide Cells, magnesium induced precipitation (MAGIC), or solid phase extraction.

Instrument Type

Generic Name: Liquid Waveguide Capillary Cells

Acronym: LWCC

Generic Description:

Liquid Waveguide Capillary Cells (LWCC) are optical sample cells that combine an increased optical pathlength (2-500 cm) with small sample volumes. They can be connected via optical fibers to a spectrophotometer with fiber optic capabilities. Similar to optical fibers, light is confined within the (liquid) core of an LWCC by total internal reflection at the core/wall interface. Ultra-sensitive absorbance measurements can be performed in the ultraviolet (UV), visible (VIS) and near-infrared (NIR) to detect low sample concentrations in a laboratory or process control environment. According to Beer’s Law the absorbance signal is proportional to chemical concentration and light path length.

Niskin bottle

Supplied Name: Rosette

Supplied Description:

Liquid samples taken from the Rosette or Underway System.

Instrument Type

Generic Name: Niskin bottle

Community Identifier: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/TOOL0412/

Generic Description:

A Niskin bottle (a next generation water sampler based on the Nansen bottle) is a cylindrical, non-metallic water collection device with stoppers at both ends. The bottles can be attached individually on a hydrowire or deployed in 12, 24, or 36 bottle Rosette systems mounted on a frame and combined with a CTD. Niskin bottles are used to collect discrete water samples for a range of measurements including pigments, nutrients, plankton, etc.

Pump - Surface Underway Ship Intake

Supplied Name: Underway System

Supplied Description:

Liquid samples taken from the Rosette or Underway System.

Instrument Type

Generic Name: Pump - Surface Underway Ship Intake

Acronym: Pump-Ship Intake

Community Identifier: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/31/

Generic Description:

The 'Pump-underway ship intake' system indicates that samples are from the ship's clean water intake pump. This is essentially a surface water sample from a source of uncontaminated near-surface (commonly 3 to 7 m) seawater that can be pumped continuously to shipboard laboratories on research vessels. There is typically a temperature sensor near the intake (known as the hull temperature) to provide measurements that are as close as possible to the ambient water temperature. The flow from the supply is typically directed through continuously logged sensors such as a thermosalinograph and a fluorometer. Water samples are often collected from the underway supply that may also be referred to as the non-toxic supply. Ideally the data contributor has specified the depth in the ship's hull at which the pump is mounted.

Parameters

Date and time formats are described in python strftime() syntax.

Supplied Name	Supplied description	Supplied Units	Standard Name
Lat	Latitude	degrees North	lat
Lon	Longitude	degrees East	lon
Depth	Sampling depth	meters (m)	depth
DIP	Dissolved inorganic phophate	micromolar (uM)	DIP
Year	4-digit year	unitless	year
Month	2-digit month	unitless	month
Day	2-digit day	unitless	day
Date	Date formatted as yyyymmdd	unitless	date