Dataset: Monthly N₂O data from San Cristobal

Name: Monthly atmospheric nitrous oxide (N₂O) and carbon monoxide (CO) mixing ratio measurements from San Cristobal, Galápagos Islands collected using a cavity ring-down spectrometer
Published: 2024-01-22
Keywords: nitrous oxide, oxygen minimum zones, denitrification, nitrification, oceans

Cite This Dataset

DOI:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.917743.1

Spatial Extent: N:-0.8956 E:-89.6087 S:-0.8956 W:-89.6087

Temporal Extent: 2023-07-18 - 2023-12-31

Project:

EAGER: Testing the Galápagos as a long-term monitoring site for nitrous oxide emissions from the Pacific oxygen deficient zones (ETP ODZ mapping)

Principal Investigator:

Andrew R. Babbin (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT)

Student:

Timur Cinay (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT)

BCO-DMO Data Manager:

Shannon Rauch (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, WHOI BCO-DMO)

Version:

Version Date:

2024-01-22

Restricted:

Validated:

Yes

Current State:

Final with updates expected

Monthly atmospheric nitrous oxide (N₂O) and carbon monoxide (CO) mixing ratio measurements from San Cristobal, Galápagos Islands collected using a cavity ring-down spectrometer

Abstract:

This dataset includes atmospheric nitrous oxide (N₂O) and carbon monoxide (CO) mixing ratio measurements from San Cristobal, Galápagos Islands between July 18, 2023 and December 31, 2023. The data are collected using a cavity ring-down spectrometer (Picarro Inc., G5310).

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Archival Copy

Version Date	Archive	Persistent Identifier	Date Assigned
2024-01-22	Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA)	10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.917743.1	2024-01-23

Description

This version of the dataset includes 6 NetCDF files, accessible below under "Data Files":

(1) GAL202307_N2O_CO.nc for the time period 2023-07-18 to 2023-07-31 (yyyy-mm-dd)

(2) GAL202308_N2O_CO.nc for the time period 2023-08-01 to 2023-08-31

(3) GAL202309_N2O_CO.nc for the time period 2023-09-01 to 2023-09-30

(4) GAL202310_N2O_CO.nc for the time period 2023-10-01 to 2023-10-31

(5) GAL202311_N2O_CO.nc for the time period 2023-11-01 to 2023-11-30

(6) GAL202312_N2O_CO.nc for the time period 2023-12-01 to 2023-12-31

Methods & Sampling

Ambient air samples are collected with a flow rate of 100 cubic centimeters (cm³ per minute from 27 meters (m) above sea level. The air is first filtered through a 0.7 micrometer (µm) Swagelok filter. Then, the air is dried using a Nafion tubing to a constant water content of approximately 600 parts per million (ppm) H₂O in a temperature-controlled setup at 34 degrees Celsius (°C). The air sample is then filtered through a 0.2 µm Swagelok filter. Finally, the nitrous oxide and carbon monoxide mole fractions (parts per billion (ppb)) are measured using Picarro Inc., G5310 Cavity Ring-down Spectrometer. GCWerks software is used to monitor and control the sampling process as well as export the measurement data. The NetCDF files are created using the Xarray package for Python 3.10.

Problems/Issues

The gaps in the data correspond to the daily and monthly sampling of calibration cylinders and instrument downtimes due to communication or hardware-related issues.

Data Processing Description

Data are processed using GCWerks software. Raw data are calibrated based on measurements from the calibration gas cylinders provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).

Data Files

File
2023-07-18 to 2023-07-31 filename: GAL202307_N2O_CO.nc (NetCDF, 1.80 MB) MD5:02b9f40a21704cb6d9ce578091344a5e netcdf GAL202307_N2O_CO { dimensions: time = 15596 ; variables: double n2o_mean(time) ; n2o_mean:_FillValue = NaN ; n2o_mean:long_name = "mean nitrous oxide mole fraction" ; n2o_mean:units = "ppb" ; double n2o_stdev(time) ; n2o_stdev:_FillValue = NaN ; n2o_stdev:long_name = "nitrous oxide mole fraction standard deviation" ; n2o_stdev:units = "ppb" ; double n2o_number(time) ; n2o_number:_FillValue = NaN ; n2o_number:long_name = "number of n2o measurements averaged in each time stamp" ; n2o_number:units = "unitless" ; double co_mean(time) ; co_mean:_FillValue = NaN ; co_mean:long_name = "mean carbon monoxide mole fraction" ; co_mean:units = "ppb" ; double co_stdev(time) ; co_stdev:_FillValue = NaN ; co_stdev:long_name = "carbon monoxide mole fraction standard deviation" ; co_stdev:units = "ppb" ; double co_number(time) ; co_number:_FillValue = NaN ; co_number:long_name = "number of co measurements averaged in each time stamp" ; co_number:units = "unitless" ; string time_string(time) ; time_string:long_name = "Time stamp corresponding to the samping time in string format" ; time_string:timezone = "UTC" ; int64 time(time) ; time:timezone = "UTC" ; time:long_name = "Time stamp corresponding to the samping time" ; time:units = "minutes since 2023-07-18 16:21:00" ; time:calendar = "proleptic_gregorian" ; // global attributes: :Site = "San Crisotbal, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador" ; string :Latitude = "0.8956 °S " ; string :Longitude = "89.6087 °W" ; :Inlet\ Height = "27 m above sea level" ; :Contact = "tcinay[at]mit[dot]edu or babbin[at]mit[dot]edu" ; :Instrument = "Picarro Inc. G5310 Cavity Ringdown Spectrometer" ; :Software = "GCWerks" ; }
2023-08-01 to 2023-08-31 filename: GAL202308_N2O_CO.nc (NetCDF, 4.77 MB) MD5:b917fc9748df48a86b1ab6332afc0e72 netcdf GAL202308_N2O_CO { dimensions: time = 41505 ; variables: double n2o_mean(time) ; n2o_mean:_FillValue = NaN ; n2o_mean:long_name = "mean nitrous oxide mole fraction" ; n2o_mean:units = "ppb" ; double n2o_stdev(time) ; n2o_stdev:_FillValue = NaN ; n2o_stdev:long_name = "nitrous oxide mole fraction standard deviation" ; n2o_stdev:units = "ppb" ; double n2o_number(time) ; n2o_number:_FillValue = NaN ; n2o_number:long_name = "number of n2o measurements averaged in each time stamp" ; n2o_number:units = "unitless" ; double co_mean(time) ; co_mean:_FillValue = NaN ; co_mean:long_name = "mean carbon monoxide mole fraction" ; co_mean:units = "ppb" ; double co_stdev(time) ; co_stdev:_FillValue = NaN ; co_stdev:long_name = "carbon monoxide mole fraction standard deviation" ; co_stdev:units = "ppb" ; double co_number(time) ; co_number:_FillValue = NaN ; co_number:long_name = "number of co measurements averaged in each time stamp" ; co_number:units = "unitless" ; string time_string(time) ; time_string:long_name = "Time stamp corresponding to the samping time in string format" ; time_string:timezone = "UTC" ; int64 time(time) ; time:timezone = "UTC" ; time:long_name = "Time stamp corresponding to the samping time" ; time:units = "minutes since 2023-08-01 15:18:00" ; time:calendar = "proleptic_gregorian" ; // global attributes: :Site = "San Crisotbal, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador" ; string :Latitude = "0.8956 °S " ; string :Longitude = "89.6087 °W" ; :Inlet\ Height = "27 m above sea level" ; :Contact = "tcinay[at]mit[dot]edu or babbin[at]mit[dot]edu" ; :Instrument = "Picarro Inc. G5310 Cavity Ringdown Spectrometer" ; :Software = "GCWerks" ; }
2023-09-01 to 2023-09-30 filename: GAL202309_N2O_CO.nc (NetCDF, 4.22 MB) MD5:0ab1641565ea79af759ca8706a2fd661 netcdf GAL202309_N2O_CO { dimensions: time = 42245 ; variables: double n2o_mean(time) ; n2o_mean:_FillValue = NaN ; n2o_mean:long_name = "mean nitrous oxide mole fraction" ; n2o_mean:units = "ppb" ; double n2o_stdev(time) ; n2o_stdev:_FillValue = NaN ; n2o_stdev:long_name = "nitrous oxide mole fraction standard deviation" ; n2o_stdev:units = "ppb" ; double n2o_number(time) ; n2o_number:_FillValue = NaN ; n2o_number:long_name = "number of n2o measurements averaged in each time stamp" ; n2o_number:units = "unitless" ; double co_mean(time) ; co_mean:_FillValue = NaN ; co_mean:long_name = "mean carbon monoxide mole fraction" ; co_mean:units = "ppb" ; double co_stdev(time) ; co_stdev:_FillValue = NaN ; co_stdev:long_name = "carbon monoxide mole fraction standard deviation" ; co_stdev:units = "ppb" ; double co_number(time) ; co_number:_FillValue = NaN ; co_number:long_name = "number of co measurements averaged in each time stamp" ; co_number:units = "unitless" ; string time_string(time) ; time_string:long_name = "Time stamp corresponding to the samping time in string format" ; time_string:timezone = "UTC" ; int64 time(time) ; time:timezone = "UTC" ; time:long_name = "Time stamp corresponding to the samping time" ; time:units = "minutes since 2023-09-01 00:00:00" ; time:calendar = "proleptic_gregorian" ; // global attributes: :Site = "San Crisotbal, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador" ; string :Latitude = "0.8956 °S " ; string :Longitude = "89.6087 °W" ; :Inlet\ Height = "27 m above sea level" ; :Contact = "tcinay[at]mit[dot]edu or babbin[at]mit[dot]edu" ; :Instrument = "Picarro Inc. G5310 Cavity Ringdown Spectrometer" ; :Software = "GCWerks" ; }
2023-10-01 to 2023-10-31 filename: GAL202310_N2O_CO.nc (NetCDF, 4.22 MB) MD5:8396897d5ad6dedd8be0b09b0ca79e2c netcdf GAL202310_N2O_CO { dimensions: time = 42199 ; variables: double n2o_mean(time) ; n2o_mean:_FillValue = NaN ; n2o_mean:long_name = "mean nitrous oxide mole fraction" ; n2o_mean:units = "ppb" ; double n2o_stdev(time) ; n2o_stdev:_FillValue = NaN ; n2o_stdev:long_name = "nitrous oxide mole fraction standard deviation" ; n2o_stdev:units = "ppb" ; double n2o_number(time) ; n2o_number:_FillValue = NaN ; n2o_number:long_name = "number of n2o measurements averaged in each time stamp" ; n2o_number:units = "unitless" ; double co_mean(time) ; co_mean:_FillValue = NaN ; co_mean:long_name = "mean carbon monoxide mole fraction" ; co_mean:units = "ppb" ; double co_stdev(time) ; co_stdev:_FillValue = NaN ; co_stdev:long_name = "carbon monoxide mole fraction standard deviation" ; co_stdev:units = "ppb" ; double co_number(time) ; co_number:_FillValue = NaN ; co_number:long_name = "number of co measurements averaged in each time stamp" ; co_number:units = "unitless" ; string time_string(time) ; time_string:long_name = "Time stamp corresponding to the samping time in string format" ; time_string:timezone = "UTC" ; int64 time(time) ; time:timezone = "UTC" ; time:long_name = "Time stamp corresponding to the samping time" ; time:units = "minutes since 2023-10-01 00:00:00" ; time:calendar = "proleptic_gregorian" ; // global attributes: :Site = "San Crisotbal, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador" ; string :Latitude = "0.8956 °S " ; string :Longitude = "89.6087 °W" ; :Inlet\ Height = "27 m above sea level" ; :Contact = "tcinay[at]mit[dot]edu or babbin[at]mit[dot]edu" ; :Instrument = "Picarro Inc. G5310 Cavity Ringdown Spectrometer" ; :Software = "GCWerks" ; }
2023-11-01 to 2023-11-30 filename: GAL202311_N2O_CO.nc (NetCDF, 3.90 MB) MD5:f6a5196d21cf5542dd59fe4a0613f9cc netcdf GAL202311_N2O_CO { dimensions: time = 39249 ; variables: double n2o_mean(time) ; n2o_mean:_FillValue = NaN ; n2o_mean:long_name = "mean nitrous oxide mole fraction" ; n2o_mean:units = "ppb" ; double n2o_stdev(time) ; n2o_stdev:_FillValue = NaN ; n2o_stdev:long_name = "nitrous oxide mole fraction standard deviation" ; n2o_stdev:units = "ppb" ; double n2o_number(time) ; n2o_number:_FillValue = NaN ; n2o_number:long_name = "number of n2o measurements averaged in each time stamp" ; n2o_number:units = "unitless" ; double co_mean(time) ; co_mean:_FillValue = NaN ; co_mean:long_name = "mean carbon monoxide mole fraction" ; co_mean:units = "ppb" ; double co_stdev(time) ; co_stdev:_FillValue = NaN ; co_stdev:long_name = "carbon monoxide mole fraction standard deviation" ; co_stdev:units = "ppb" ; double co_number(time) ; co_number:_FillValue = NaN ; co_number:long_name = "number of co measurements averaged in each time stamp" ; co_number:units = "unitless" ; string time_string(time) ; time_string:long_name = "Time stamp corresponding to the samping time in string format" ; time_string:timezone = "UTC" ; int64 time(time) ; time:timezone = "UTC" ; time:long_name = "Time stamp corresponding to the samping time" ; time:units = "minutes since 2023-11-01 00:00:00" ; time:calendar = "proleptic_gregorian" ; // global attributes: :Site = "San Crisotbal, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador" ; string :Latitude = "0.8956 °S " ; string :Longitude = "89.6087 °W" ; :Inlet\ Height = "27 m above sea level" ; :Contact = "tcinay[at]mit[dot]edu or babbin[at]mit[dot]edu" ; :Instrument = "Picarro Inc. G5310 Cavity Ringdown Spectrometer" ; :Software = "GCWerks" ; }
2023-12-01 to 2023-12-31 filename: GAL202312_N2O_CO.nc (NetCDF, 4.29 MB) MD5:39d5b77cf9b9f7bc76184e4f17b989d6 netcdf GAL202312_N2O_CO { dimensions: time = 43103 ; variables: double n2o_mean(time) ; n2o_mean:_FillValue = NaN ; n2o_mean:long_name = "mean nitrous oxide mole fraction" ; n2o_mean:units = "ppb" ; double n2o_stdev(time) ; n2o_stdev:_FillValue = NaN ; n2o_stdev:long_name = "nitrous oxide mole fraction standard deviation" ; n2o_stdev:units = "ppb" ; double n2o_number(time) ; n2o_number:_FillValue = NaN ; n2o_number:long_name = "number of n2o measurements averaged in each time stamp" ; n2o_number:units = "unitless" ; double co_mean(time) ; co_mean:_FillValue = NaN ; co_mean:long_name = "mean carbon monoxide mole fraction" ; co_mean:units = "ppb" ; double co_stdev(time) ; co_stdev:_FillValue = NaN ; co_stdev:long_name = "carbon monoxide mole fraction standard deviation" ; co_stdev:units = "ppb" ; double co_number(time) ; co_number:_FillValue = NaN ; co_number:long_name = "number of co measurements averaged in each time stamp" ; co_number:units = "unitless" ; string time_string(time) ; time_string:long_name = "Time stamp corresponding to the samping time in string format" ; time_string:timezone = "UTC" ; int64 time(time) ; time:timezone = "UTC" ; time:long_name = "Time stamp corresponding to the samping time" ; time:units = "minutes since 2023-12-01 00:00:00" ; time:calendar = "proleptic_gregorian" ; // global attributes: :Site = "San Crisotbal, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador" ; string :Latitude = "0.8956 °S " ; string :Longitude = "89.6087 °W" ; :Inlet\ Height = "27 m above sea level" ; :Contact = "tcinay[at]mit[dot]edu or babbin[at]mit[dot]edu" ; :Instrument = "Picarro Inc. G5310 Cavity Ringdown Spectrometer" ; :Software = "GCWerks" ; }

More Information about this dataset

Funding Sources

Funding Source	Award Number
NSF Division of Ocean Sciences	OCE-2138890

Deployments

None available yet

Instruments

Cavity enhanced absorption spectrometers

Supplied Name: Picarro Inc. G5310 Cavity Ring-down Spectrometer

Supplied Description:

Instrument Type

Generic Name: Cavity enhanced absorption spectrometers

Acronym: CEAS

Generic Description:

Instruments that illuminate a sample inside an optical cavity, typically using laser light, and measure the concentration or amount of a species in gas phase by absorption spectroscopy. Techniques include cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) and integrated cavity output spectroscopy (ICOS).

Parameters

None available yet

Database

Contribute Data

Dataset: Monthly N₂O data from San Cristobal