Dataset: winter nitrate isotopes - underway
Deployment: VOY03

Wintertime nitrate delta 15N and delta 18O from the surface (underway) in the Southern Ocean south of Africa.

Principal Investigator:

Contact:

Sandi M. Smart (Stellenbosch University)

BCO-DMO Data Manager:

Shannon Rauch (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, WHOI BCO-DMO)

Project:

High-resolution, Assemblage-specific Records of Diatom-bound N Isotopes from the Indian Sector of the Antarctic Ocean (Diatom-bound_N_Isotopes)

Current State:

Final no updates expected

Version:

07 May 2015

Version Date:

2015-05-07

Data URL:

https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset-deployment/557906/data

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Description

Wintertime nitrate delta 15N and delta 18O from the Southern Ocean south of Africa from the surface (underway) taken on the July 2012 R/V S.A. Agulhas II VOY03 expedition.

Note: In addition to the awards identified below, the dataset was also supported by funding from the South African National Research Foundation (NRF), Applied Centre for Climate and Earth Systems Science (ACCESS), University of Cape Town (UCT), and the Grand Challenges Program of Princeton University.

Methods & Sampling

Dataset acquisition description

Samples were collected aboard the R/V S.A. Agulhas II and analyzed in the Sigman lab at Princeton University using the "denitrifier method" to convert sample nitrate to N₂O gas. The isotopic composition of N₂O was measured by GC-IRMS using a Thermo MAT 253 mass spectrometer with a purpose-built on-line N₂O extraction and purification system. For the nitrate+nitrite data, the pooled sample standard deviation is 0.05‰ for delta 15N (n = 3-7) and 0.17‰ for delta 18O (n = 3-5). For the ‘nitrate-only’ data, the pooled sample standard deviation is 0.05‰ for delta 15N (n = 3-7) and 0.13‰ for delta 18O (n = 3-7). See methods section of Smart et al. (2015) for details of sample collection, isotope analysis and data quality.

Related Publications:
Smart, S.M., S.E. Fawcett, S.J. Thomalla, M.A. Weigand, C.J.C. Reason, and D.M. Sigman. 2015. Isotopic evidence for nitrification in the Antarctic winter mixed layer, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 29, doi: 10.1002/2014GB005013.

Data Processing Description

Dataset Processing Description

Individual sample analyses were referenced against automated injections of N₂O from a gas cylinder; however, the N₂O cylinder is not used as the absolute reference. Rather, each sample run included replicates of two international reference materials, IAEA-N3 and USGS-34 that were used to calibrate isotope ratios to that of N₂ in air (for delta 15N) and VSMOW (for delta 18O). An in-house N₂O standard was also run with each batch of samples to monitor mass spectrometry. See methods section of Smart et al. (2015) for a description of the procedures followed.

BCO-DMO Processing Notes:
- Modified parameter names to conform with BCO-DMO naming conventions.
- Replaced blanks (missing data) with 'nd', meaning 'no data'.

More information about this dataset deployment

Funding

Award Number	Funding Source
PLR-1401489	NSF Division of Polar Programs
PLR-0612198	NSF Division of Polar Programs
OCE-1136345	NSF Division of Ocean Sciences
OCE-1060947	NSF Division of Ocean Sciences
FP7 265294	European Commission Seventh Framework Programme

Instruments

CTD Sea-Bird

Supplied Name: Sea-Bird conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD)

Supplied Description:

The major circumpolar fronts were identified from surface and subsurface (200m) temperature and salinity properties using data obtained from a Sea-Bird conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) sensor mounted on the Niskin bottle rosette, as well as
from 28 underway-CTD and 88 expendable bathythermograph deployments.

Instrument Type

Generic Name: CTD Sea-Bird

Community Identifier: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/130/

Generic Description:

Conductivity, Temperature, Depth (CTD) sensor package from SeaBird Electronics, no specific unit identified. This instrument designation is used when specific make and model are not known. See also other SeaBird instruments listed under CTD. More information from Sea-Bird Electronics.

Sea-Bird SBE 43 Dissolved Oxygen Sensor

Supplied Name: Sea-Bird SBE 43

Supplied Description:

Dissolved oxygen profiles (obtained for every CTD cast from a mounted Sea-Bird SBE 43 sensor) were used together with potential density, salinity, and nitrate profiles to identify key water masses.

Instrument Type

Generic Name: Sea-Bird SBE 43 Dissolved Oxygen Sensor

Acronym: SBE-43 DO

Community Identifier: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/TOOL0036/

Generic Description:

The Sea-Bird SBE 43 dissolved oxygen sensor is a redesign of the Clark polarographic membrane type of dissolved oxygen sensors. more information from Sea-Bird Electronics

Parameters

Supplied Name	Supplied description	Supplied Units	Standard Name
date	Month, day, and year of sampling (GMT).	mm/dd/yy	date
day	2-digit day of month.	dd (01 to 31)	day
depth	Sample depth.	meters	depth
ISO_DateTime_UTC	Date and time (UTC) formatted to ISO 8601 standard, where T indicates the start of the time string and Z indicates UTC.	YYYY-mm-ddTHH:MM:SS.xxZ	ISO_DateTime_UTC
lat	Latitude in decimal degrees North. (Negative values = South).	decimal degrees	lat
lon	Longitude in decimal degrees East.	decimal degrees	lon
month	2-digit month of year.	mm (01 to 12)	month
d18O_NO3_mean	delta 18O of NO3. d18O (‰ vs. VSMOW) is the oxygen isotopic composition of a sample expressed in delta notation (in units of per mil) relative to Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water (VSMOW), where delta 18O = {[ (18O/16O)sample / (18O/16O)VSMOW ] – 1} × 1000.	per mil	no_bcodmo_term
NO3_NO2_mean	Mean nitrate (NO3) plus nitrite (NO2) concentration of a sample in micromolar units.	micromolar (uM)	no_bcodmo_term
d15N_NO3_NO2_mean	delta 15N of NO3+NO2. d15N (‰ vs. AIR) is the nitrogen isotopic composition of a sample expressed in delta notation (in units of per mil) relative to atmospheric N2, where delta 15N = {[ (15N/14N)sample / (15N/14N)atmN2 ] – 1} × 1000.	per mil	no_bcodmo_term
d18Ocorr_NO3_NO2_mean	delta 18O of NO3+NO2. d18O (‰ vs. VSMOW) is the oxygen isotopic composition of a sample expressed in delta notation (in units of per mil) relative to Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water (VSMOW), where delta 18O = {[ (18O/16O)sample / (18O/16O)VSMOW ] – 1} × 1000.	per mil	no_bcodmo_term
NO3_mean	Mean nitrate (NO3) concentration of a sample in micromolar units, measured after nitrite (NO2) had been removed (using the protocol of Granger and Sigman (2009)).	micromolar (uM)	no_bcodmo_term
d15N_NO3_mean	delta 15N of NO3. d15N (‰ vs. AIR) is the nitrogen isotopic composition of a sample expressed in delta notation (in units of per mil) relative to atmospheric N2, where delta 15N = {[ (15N/14N)sample / (15N/14N)atmN2 ] – 1} × 1000.	per mil	no_bcodmo_term
sample	Sample ID number.	dimensionless	sample
d15N_NO3_stdev	Standard deviation of d15N_NO3_mean.	per mil	std_dev
d18O_NO3_stdev	Standard deviation of d18O_NO3_mean.	per mil	std_dev
NO3_NO2_stdev	Standard deviation of the nitrate (NO3) plus nitrite (NO2) concentration of a sample in micromolar units.	micromolar (uM)	std_dev
d15N_NO3_NO2_stdev	Standard deviation of d15N_NO3_NO2_mean.	per mil	std_dev
d18O_NO3_NO2_stdev	Standard deviation of d18O_NO3_NO2_mean.	per mil	std_dev
NO3_stdev	Standard deviation of the nitrate (NO3) concentration of a sample in micromolar units, measured after nitrite (NO2) had been removed (using the protocol of Granger and Sigman (2009)).	micromolar (uM)	std_dev
time	Time (GMT), in hours, minutes, and decimal minutes, of sampling.	HHMM.mm	time
year	4-digit year.	YYYY	year

Database

Contribute Data

Dataset: winter nitrate isotopes - underway
Deployment: VOY03

Dataset acquisition description

Dataset Processing Description

Database

Contribute Data

Dataset: winter nitrate isotopes - underwayDeployment: VOY03

Dataset acquisition description

Dataset Processing Description

Dataset: winter nitrate isotopes - underway
Deployment: VOY03