Environmental YSI EXO1 Sonde Probe data from Orcas Island, WA, USA Coastal Ocean (2m depth) from 2021-05-27 to 2021-06-18
Project
| Contributors | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Kubanek, Julia | Georgia Institute of Technology (GA Tech) | Principal Investigator |
| Nunn, Brook L. | University of Washington (UW) | Principal Investigator |
| Rynearson, Tatiana A. | University of Rhode Island (URI) | Principal Investigator |
| Mudge, Miranda | University of Washington (UW) | Scientist |
| Timmins-Schiffman, Emma | University of Washington (UW) | Scientist, Data Manager |
| Bartlett, Evelyn | University of Washington (UW) | Student |
| York, Amber D. | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI BCO-DMO) | BCO-DMO Data Manager |
Abstract
Additional funding description:
This dataset was supported by NSF OCE-2401646, OCE-2401645, OCE-2401644, University of Washington Royalty Research Fund, NIH NIEHS grant R21ES034337-01, NSF IOS-2041497, NIH fellowship F31 ES032733-01A1
A HOBO data logger (HOBO Pendant MX Temperature/Light Data Logger) was also deployed at the site to conduct constant measures of depth, temperature, and light (luminosity/ft2).
An EXO1 Multiparameter Sonde (YSI) was deployed at the collection site at a constant depth of 2 m and set to collect in situ measurements every 10 minutes. The probe had four probe-ports which were fitted with sensors (YSI) to measure conductivity/temperature (YSI EXO Conductivity and Temperature Smart Sensor, SKU 599870), dissolved oxygen (EXO Optical Dissolved Oxygen Smart Sensor, SKU 599100-01), pH (EXO pH Smart Sensor, SKU 577601), and Total Algae (Chlorophyll, Phycocyanin, Phycoerythrin; EXO Total Algae PE Smart Sensor, SKU 599103-01). Data from the probe was manually downloaded each day at 14:00 before redeployment and the probe was calibrated every 5 days. The Total Algae sensor covers a range of 0.1 to 400 µg L−1 (0 to 100 RFU), with a detection limit of ~0.1 µg L−1, and a resolution of 0.1 µg L−1 Chl (0.1% RFU). Total algae measurements taken every 10 minutes were plotted as chlorophyll a concentrations in µg L−1
Methodology is from the results paper Nunn et al. (2024, doi:10.1038/s41597-024-04013-5).
Total nutrient analysis was performed in triplicate by the University of Washington Marine Chemistry Lab to determine concentrations of nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, silicate, and phosphate following standard methods outlined in UNESCO, 1994.
Data processing is from the results paper Nunn et al. (2024, doi:10.1038/s41597-024-04013-5).
* Sheet 1 of submitted file "Nunn_OrcasIsland_Data_Probe.xlsx" was exported as csv and imported into the BCO-DMO data system for this dataset. Table will appear as Data File: 984153_v1_probe.csv (along with other download format options).
Missing Data Identifiers:
* In the BCO-DMO data system missing data identifiers are displayed according to the format of data you access. For example, in csv files it will be blank (null) values. In Matlab .mat files it will be NaN values. When viewing data online at BCO-DMO, the missing value will be shown as blank (null) values.
* Column names adjusted to conform to BCO-DMO naming conventions designed to support broad re-use by a variety of research tools and scripting languages. [Only numbers, letters, and underscores. Can not start with a number]
* Local Date_PT column was converted to ISO 8601 format. (no time zone change).
* Column DateTime renamed "DateID_PT" for consistency with other datasets in the project.
* Additional column ISO_DateTime_UTC added from Date and Time (local US/Pacific timezone) columns.
| File |
|---|
984153_v1_probe.csv (Comma Separated Values (.csv), 491.79 KB) MD5:8ad424b800b9119813143d3a2aec6872 Primary data file for dataset ID 984153, version 1 |
Relationship Description: These data were used in results publications from this project Nunn et al (2024, doi: 10.1038/s41597-024-04013-5) and Mudge et al. (2025, doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-59250-y).
Relationship Description: These data were used in results publications from this project Nunn et al (2024, doi: 10.1038/s41597-024-04013-5) and Mudge et al. (2025, doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-59250-y).
Relationship Description: These data were used in results publications from this project Nunn et al (2024, doi: 10.1038/s41597-024-04013-5) and Mudge et al. (2025, doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-59250-y).
| Parameter | Description | Units |
| Date_PT | Contains date of sample collection. Local time zone US/Pacific (PST/PDT). | unitless |
| Time_PT | Contains time of sample collection. Local time zone US/Pacific (PST/PDT). | unitless |
| DateID_PT | Character value for the combined date and time of sample collection. Local time zone US/Pacific (PST/PDT). | unitless |
| ISO_DateTime_UTC | Contains DateTime with timezone of sample collection in ISO 8601 format (UTC time zone). | unitless |
| Chlorophyll_RFU | chlorophyll relative fluorescence units | relative fluorescence units (RFU) |
| Chlorophyll_conc | Chlorophyll concentration | micrograms per liter (ug/L) |
| Conductivity | electrical conductivity of sample | microSiemens per centimeter (uS/cm) |
| Depth | depth the sample was collected at | meters (m) |
| ODO_sat | optical dissolved oxygen percent saturation | percent (%) |
| ODO_conc | optical dissolved oxygen concentration | milligrams per liter (mg/L) |
| Sal | salinity | Practical Salinity Units (PSU) |
| pH | pH | pH scale |
| Temp | temperature | degrees celsius |
| Latitude | Latitude sample was collected at | decimal degrees |
| Longitude | Longitude sample was collected at | decimal degrees |
| Dataset-specific Instrument Name | HOBO Pendant MX Temperature/Light Data Logger |
| Generic Instrument Name | Onset HOBO Pendant Temperature/Light Data Logger |
| Dataset-specific Description | A HOBO data logger (HOBO Pendant MX Temperature/Light Data Logger) was also deployed at the site to conduct constant measures of depth, temperature, and light (luminosity/ft2). |
| Generic Instrument Description | The Onset HOBO (model numbers UA-002-64 or UA-001-64) is an in-situ instrument for wet or underwater applications. It supports light intensity, soil temperature, temperature, and water temperature. A two-channel logger with 10-bit resolution can record up to approximately 28,000 combined temperature and light measurements with 64K bytes memory. It has a polypropylene housing case. Uses an optical USB to transmit data. A solar radiation shield is used for measurement in sunlight. Temperature measurement range: -20 deg C to 70 deg C (temperature). Light measurement range: 0 to 320,000 lux. Temperature accuracy: +/- 0.53 deg C from 0 deg C to 50 deg C. Light accuracy: Designed for measurement of relative light levels. Water depth rating: 30 m. |
| Dataset-specific Instrument Name | |
| Generic Instrument Name | YSI EXO multiparameter water quality sondes |
| Dataset-specific Description | EXO1 Multiparameter Sonde (YSI) with the following sensors:
YSI EXO Conductivity and Temperature Smart Sensor, SKU 599870
EXO Optical Dissolved Oxygen Smart Sensor, SKU 599100-01
EXO pH Smart Sensor, SKU 577601
Chlorophyll, Phycocyanin, Phycoerythrin; EXO Total Algae PE Smart Sensor, SKU 599103-01
The Total Algae sensor covers a range of 0.1 to 400 µg L−1 (0 to 100 RFU), with a detection limit of ~0.1 µg L−1, and a resolution of 0.1 µg L−1 Chl (0.1% RFU). |
| Generic Instrument Description | Comprehensive multi-parameter, water-quality monitoring sondes designed for long-term monitoring, profiling and spot sampling. The EXO sondes are split into several categories: EXO1 Sonde, EXO2 Sonde, EXO3 Sonde. Each category has a slightly different design purpose with the EXO2 and EXO3 containing more sensor ports than the EXO1. Data are collected using up to four user-replaceable sensors and an integral pressure transducer. Users communicate with the sonde via a field cable to an EXO Handheld, via Bluetooth wireless connection to a PC, or a USB connection to a PC. Typical parameter specifications for relevant sensors include dissolved oxygen with ranges of 0-50 mg/l, with a resolution of +/- 0.1 mg/l, an accuracy of 1 percent of reading for values between 0-20 mg/l and an accuracy of +/- 5 percent of reading for values 20-50 mg/l. Temp ranges are from-5 to +50 degC, with an accuracy of +/- 0.001 degC. Conductivity has a range of 0-200 mS/cm, with an accuracy of +/-0.5 percent of reading + 0.001 mS/cm and a resolution of 0.0001 - 0.01 mS/cm. |
Collaborative Research: Rhythm and Blooms: Deciphering metabolic, functional and taxonomic interactions over the life cycle of a phytoplankton bloom (Rhythm and Blooms)
NSF Award Abstract:
Floating, single-celled algae, or phytoplankton, form the base of marine food webs. When phytoplankton have sufficient nutrients to grow quickly and generate dense populations, known as blooms, they influence productivity of the entire food web, including rich coastal fisheries. The present research explores how the environment (nutrients) as well as physical and chemical interactions between individual cells in a phytoplankton community and their associated bacteria act to control the timing of bloom events in a dynamic coastal ecosystem. The work reveals key biomolecules within the base of the food web that can inform food web functioning (including fisheries) and be used in global computational models that forecast the impacts of phytoplankton activities on global carbon cycling. A unique set of samples and data collected in 2021 and 2022 that captured phytoplankton and bacterial communities before, during, and after phytoplankton blooms, is analyzed using genomic methods and the results are used to interrogate these communities for biomolecules associated with blooms stages. The team mentors undergraduates, graduate students, and postdoctoral researchers in the fields of biochemical oceanography, genome sciences, and time-series multivariate statistics. University of Washington organized hackathons develop publicly accessible portals for the simplified interrogation and visualization of 'omics data by high schoolers and undergraduates and are implemented in investigator-led undergraduate teaching modules and the University of Rhode Island Ocean Classroom. The research team also returns to Orcas Island, WA, where the field sampling takes place, to host a series of annual Science Weekends to foster scientific engagement with the local community.
Phytoplankton blooms, from initiation to decline, play vital roles in biogeochemical cycling by fueling primary production, influencing nutrient availability, impacting carbon sequestration in aquatic ecosystems, and supporting secondary production. In addition to environmental conditions, the physical and chemical interactions between individual phytoplankton can significantly modulate blooms, influencing the growth, maintenance, and senescence of phytoplankton. Recent work in steady-state open ocean ecosystems has shown that important chemicals are transferred amongst plankton on time-dependent metabolic schedules that are related to diel cycles. It is unknown how these metabolic schedules operate in dynamic coastal environments that experience perturbations, such as phytoplankton blooms. Here, the investigators are examining metabolic scheduling using long-term, diel sample sets to reveal how chemical and biological signals associated with the initiation, maintenance, and cessation of phytoplankton blooms are modulated on both short (hrs) and long (days-weeks) time scales. Findings are advancing the ability to predict and manage phytoplankton dynamics, providing crucial insights into ecological stability and future oceanographic sampling strategies. Additionally, outcomes of this study are providing a new foundational understanding of the succession of microbial communities and their chemical interactions across a range of timescales. In the long term, this research has the potential to identify predictors of the timing of phytoplankton blooms, optimize fisheries management, and guide future research on carbon sequestration.
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