Dataset: Pigment concentrations derived from High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis from samples collected during the Tara Pacific expedition from 2016-2018

Water samples (volume: 5 liters) for High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis were collected from surface water using a custom-made, underway pumping system (nicknamed "Dolphin"; Lombard et al., 2022) and filtered onto 25 millimeter (mm) diameter, 0.7 micrometer (um) pore glass fiber filters. Filters were flash frozen and stored in liquid nitrogen until arrival to the Laboratoire d'Oceanographie de Villefranche (LOV) where they were stored in -80 degrees Celsius (C) until analysis. Samples were analyzed as described in Ras et al., 2008. Pigment extraction was carried out in 3 milliliters (mL) Methanol containing an internal standard (Vitamin E acetate, Sigma). Methanol and Vitamin E acetate were injected regularly during each run to check for retention time reproducibility, peak area precision (<1%), and instrument stability.