Archive Record: Larvae and suspended benthic fauna collected with a plankton pump near deep-sea hydrothermal vents at the East Pacific Rise from 1998 to 2025

DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.986309.1Version 1 (2026-03-10)Dataset Type:Cruise ResultsLicense:CC-BY-4.0

Dataset Citation:

Unknown Authors (2026). Larvae and suspended benthic fauna collected with a plankton pump near deep-sea hydrothermal vents at the East Pacific Rise from 1998 to 2025. BCO-DMO (Version 1) Version Date 2026-03-10. https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.986309.1 [access date]

Principal Investigator: Lauren S. Mullineaux (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution)

Scientist: Stace Beaulieu

Unknown Role: Johanna NJ Weston

Student: Rodrigo Zúñiga Mouret

Technician: Susan Mills

Unknown Role:

Data Manager:

BCO-DMO Data Manager: Dana Stuart Gerlach (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution)

Project: Effects of Disturbance and Larval Supply on Communities at Hydrothermal Vents (Larval supply at EPR vents)

Project: Trajectories in functional diversity after disturbance at vents on the East Pacific Rise (EPR Functional Diversity)

Project: RUI: Collaborative: The Predictive Nature of Microbial Biofilms for Cuing Larval Settlement at Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents (Vent Settlement Cues)

Abstract

This dataset provides the counts for larvae and some later life stage benthic fauna, identified to varying levels of taxonomic granularity, collected with a large-volume plankton pump near deep-sea hydrothermal vents on the East Pacific Rise on 13 cruises from 1998 to 2025. Sampling for this 27-year time series of larval abundance was conducted using a plankton pump (McLane WTS-LV50) filtering up to ~40 cubic meters over 63-micron mesh. Specimens were preserved in ethanol and identified morpholo...

Spatial Extent: N:9.91 E:-104.24 S:9.49 W:-104.30
Temporal Extent: 1998-11-28 - 2025-02-08
Location: East Pacific Rise hydrothermal vents

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Versions1

Version 1
doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.986309.1

2026-03-10

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Funding

Award #	Source
OCE-1356738	NSF OCE
OCE-0424953	NSF OCE
OCE-1829773	NSF OCE
OCE-1947735	NSF OCE
OCE-9619605	NSF OCE

Data File(s)	Type	Description	Action
986309_v1_epr_pumps.csv (1002.01 KB) MD5: 65ba22720739ed522d42fb5d3fbf9b18	Comma Separated Values (.csv)	Counts per taxon with volume sampled for plankton pump sampling events. This primary data file is a single table with the leftmost columns the Darwin Core Occurrence extension table and rightmost columns joined to the Darwin Core Event core table. Primary data file for dataset ID 986309, version 1	Download

Supplemental File(s)	Type	Description	Action
EPR_pumps_occurrence_20250903.csv (694.81 KB) MD5: 35664b106480137bc588684ec3097ee3		Counts per taxon per plankton pump sampling event in Darwin Core Occurrence extension table (leftmost columns of primary data file) * occurrenceID = Unique identifier for the occurrence with eventID and a morphotype row counter (maps to http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/occurrenceID) * verbatimIdentification = Name used to identify the morphotype, not necessarily a scientific name (maps to http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/verbatimIdentification) * individualCount = The number of individuals with this verbatimIdentification in the sampling eventID (maps to http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/individualCount) * scientificName = Name from World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) at the lowest taxonomic rank that matches the verbatimIdentification (maps to http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/scientificName) * scientificNameID = Life Science Identifier (LSID) containing the AphiaID from WoRMS that matches to scientificName (maps to http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/scientificNameID) * taxonRank = Taxonomic rank of the scientificName (maps to http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/taxonRank) * class = Class in which the taxon is classified (maps to http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/class) * phylum = Phylum in which the taxon is classified (maps to http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/phylum) * kingdom = Kingdom in which the taxon is classified (maps to http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/kingdom) * identifiedBy = Person who identified the specimen(s) for this occurrence (maps to http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/identifiedBy) * occurrenceStatus = Darwin Core controlled vocabulary term present or absent (maps to http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/iri/occurrenceStatus) * basisOfRecord = Darwin Core controlled vocabulary term PreservedSpecimen (maps to http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/basisOfRecord) * eventID = Unique identifier for the sampling event concatenating vessel (AT is R/V Atlantis) and cruise number, date deployed, locality, and locationRemarks (maps to http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventID)	Download
EPR_pumps_event_20250903.csv (14.61 KB) MD5: 1823d683fc0ae815ce28246ea374b683		Volume sampled and spatiotemporal metadata for plankton pump sampling events in Darwin Core Event core table (rightmost columns of primary data file) * eventID = Unique identifier for the sampling event concatenating vessel (AT is R/V Atlantis) and cruise number, date deployed, locality, and locationRemarks (maps to Darwin Core http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventID) * sampleSizeValue = Volume (in liters) sampled by pump filtering over 63-micron mesh (maps to http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/sampleSizeValue) * sampleSizeUnit = Unit of volume sampled (maps to http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/sampleSizeUnit) * eventDate = Date (UTC) recovered for the sampling event (maps to http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventDate) * verbatimEventDate = Verbatim original representation of the date recovered for the sampling event (maps to http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/verbatimEventDate) * locality = Name of hydrothermal vent site with “off” when the position was greater than 25 m off-axis/off-site (maps to http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/locality) * locationRemarks = concatenated Height above bottom in meters Distance off-axis (E or W) in meters Distance off-site (N or S) in meters Direction off (e.g., N, SW) or Not Applicable (NA) (maps to http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/locationRemarks) * decimalLatitude = Latitude of sampling site in decimal degrees for the event (maps to http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/decimalLatitude) * decimalLongitude = Longitude of sampling site in decimal degrees for the event (maps to http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/decimalLongitude) * coordinateUncertaintyInMeters = Uncertainty in horizontal distance from the given geographic coordinates for the sampling event (maps to http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/coordinateUncertaintyInMeters) * minimumDepthInMeters = Seafloor Bottom depth minus pump Height above bottom minus 5 meters (maps to http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/minimumDepthInMeters) * maximumDepthInMeters = Seafloor Bottom depth minus pump Height above bottom plus 5 meters (maps to http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/maximumDepthInMeters) * samplingProtocol = pump filtering over 63-micron mesh is collection method for the sampling event. (maps to McLane WTS-LV https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/TOOL1960/SDN:L22::TOOL1960, and to http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/samplingProtocol) * countryCode = For international waters, this is left blank (maps to http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/countryCode)	Download
Pump_near_bottom_compilation_2025_09_02.xlsx - Composite_Actual_Numbers.csv (14.18 KB) MD5: 2818ef22775f0ccdf4569bc8c62b5f07		Composite_Actual_Numbers in original format used for data analysis	Download
EPR_pumps_BCODMO_OBIS.R (13.89 KB) MD5: 5928306c57fd823b7d18e6fbe7634d29	R Script	R script to standardize EPR pumps Composite data to Darwin Core (DwC) and output tables for BCO-DMO (single table with occurrence extension left and event Core right) and OBIS (event Core table and occurrence extension table)	Download

Metadata File(s)	Type	Description	Action
Dataset_description.pdf (131.80 KB) MD5: 20cc4eb3a24ebb35310afff3ba439134	PDF Document	Dataset description document	Download
NOAA_ISO19115-2.xml (176.70 KB) MD5: 34e26ba3046a605139bc91455a2ab8bc	XML Metadata	NOAA ISO 19115-2 metadata record	Download
datapackage.json (8.17 KB) MD5: 49929f8e1e05dcf81f7aa5f8f9af973c	JSON-LD document	Frictionless Data Package	Download
bcodmo_dataset_986309_v1.jsonld (183.35 KB) MD5: b2f5b3b27e0839b3ce20d90a05bea1c4	JSON-LD document	BCO-DMO JSON-LD metadata record	Download

Sampling for this 27-year time series of larval abundance was funded by multiple awards and projects.

OCE-1947735 for project "RUI: Collaborative: The Predictive Nature of Microbial Biofilms for Cuing Larval Settlement at Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents" (https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/851182). Funded pump collections for 2021-2025, sample processing, species identification and enumeration, and composite/harmonized data product.

OCE-1829773 for project "Trajectories in functional diversity after disturbance at vents on the East Pacific Rise" (https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/783674). Funded pump collections in 2019, sample processing, species identification, and enumeration.

OCE-1356738 for project "Effects of Disturbance and Larval Supply on Communities at Hydrothermal Vents" (https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/472885). Funded sample processing, species identification, and enumeration.

OCE-0424953 for project "EPR 9 North Plume Particles" (https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/654288). Funded pump collections 2006-2007, sample processing, species identification, and enumeration.

OCE-9619605 for project "RIDGE: Dispersal Potential of Hydrothermal Vent Animals: Larval Energetics, Depth Regulation and Field Distribution" (https://osprey.bco-dmo.org/project/986332). Funded pump collections from 1998 - 2000, sample processing, species identification, and enumeration.

Related Datasets

Related Research

Dataset: https://obis.org/dataset/b920c161-c295-4a73-b9a4-96ab1ab0b357

Beaulieu, S., Mills, S., Mullineaux, L., Carrier, T., & Reitzel, A. (2021). Larvae collected near deep-sea hydrothermal vent fields for microbiome study. United States Geological Survey. Occurrence dataset https://obis.org/dataset/b920c161-c295-4a73-b9a4-96ab1ab0b357

Parnell-Turner, R., Fornari, D., McDermott, J., Barreyre, T., & Wu, J.-N. (2021). Processed bathymetric data (netCDF grid) from 9°50'N, East Pacific Rise, acquired in 2018, 2019 and 2021 during AUV Sentry near-bottom dives (Version 1) [Data set]. Interdisciplinary Earth Data Alliance (IEDA). https://doi.org/10.26022/IEDA/330373

Related Publications

Results

Adams, D. K., Mills, S. W., Shank, T. M., & Mullineaux, L. S. (2010). Expanding dispersal studies at hydrothermal vents through species identification of cryptic larval forms. Marine Biology, 157(5), 1049–1062. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-009-1386-8

Software

Beaulieu, S. (2025). R script to standardize EPR pumps Composite data to Darwin Core (DwC) and output tables for BCO-DMO [Computer software]. GitHub. https://github.com/sbeaulieu/EPR-traits/blob/master/EPR_pumps_BCODMO_OBIS.R

Unknown

Beaulieu, S. E., Mullineaux, L. S., Adams, D. K., & Mills, S. W. (2009). Comparison of a sediment trap and plankton pump for time‐series sampling of larvae near deep‐sea hydrothermal vents. Limnology and Oceanography: Methods, 7(3), 235–248. Portico. https://doi.org/10.4319/lom.2009.7.235

Unknown

Eddelbuettel, D. (2016). anytime: Anything to “POSIXct” or “Date” Converter [dataset]. In CRAN: Contributed Packages. The R Foundation. https://doi.org/10.32614/cran.package.anytime

Unknown

Fleming, B., Beaulieu, S., Mills, S., Gaggiotti, O., & Mullineaux, L. (2024). Ecological connectivity in Pacific deep-sea hydrothermal vent metacommunities. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 731, 267–278. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps14182

Unknown

Hijmans, R. J. (2010). geosphere: Spherical Trigonometry [dataset]. In CRAN: Contributed Packages. The R Foundation. https://doi.org/10.32614/cran.package.geosphere

Methods

Mills, S. W., Beaulieu, S. E., & Mullineaux, L. S. (2009). Photographic identification guide to larvae at hydrothermal vents. https://doi.org/10.1575/1912/2996

Unknown

Mills, S., Mullineaux, L., Beaulieu, S., & Adams, D. (2013). Persistent effects of disturbance on larval patterns in the plankton after an eruption on the East Pacific Rise. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 491, 67–76. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps10463

Unknown

Mullineaux, L., Mills, S., Sweetman, A., Beaudreau, A., Metaxas, A., & Hunt, H. (2005). Vertical, lateral and temporal structure in larval distributions at hydrothermal vents. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 293, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps293001

Unknown

QGIS, Q. G. (2024). Development Team.(2014). Quantum GIS Geographic Information System. Open Source Geospatial Foundation Project.

Unknown

R Core Team. (2024). R: A language and environment for statistical computing (Version 4.4.2) [Computer software]. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. https://www.r-project.org/

Unknown

Ratnasingham, S., Wei, C., Chan, D., Agda, J., Ballesteros-Mejía, L., Ait Boutou, H., El Bastami, Z. M., Ma, E., Manjunath, R., Rea, D., Ho, C., Telfer, A., McKeowan, J., Rahulan, M., Steinke, C., Dorsheimer, J., Milton, M., & Hebert, P. D. N. (2024). BOLD v5: A centralized bioinformatics platform for DNA-based biodiversity data. In *DNA Barcoding: Methods and Protocols* (pp. 403–441). Springer US. Retrieved from https://boldsystems.org

Unknown

Wickham, H., François, R., Henry, L., Müller, K., & Vaughan, D. (2014). dplyr: A Grammar of Data Manipulation [dataset]. In CRAN: Contributed Packages. The R Foundation. https://doi.org/10.32614/cran.package.dplyr

Unknown

Wu, J. N., Parnell‐Turner, R., Fornari, D. J., Kurras, G., Berrios‐Rivera, N., Barreyre, T., & McDermott, J. M. (2022). Extent and volume of lava flows erupted at 9 50′ N, East Pacific Rise in 2005–2006 from autonomous underwater vehicle surveys. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 23(3). DOI:10.1029/2021GC010213

Unknown

Zúñiga Mouret, R., Hourdez, S., Curran, M., DiBenedetto, M. H., Mills, S. W., Vetriani, C., Arellano, S. M., Weston, J. N. J., Dykman, L. N., Best, A. C., Pires, A., & Mullineaux, L. S. (2025). Pressurized plankton observatory offers a new window into deep‐sea larval behavior. Limnology and Oceanography: Methods. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1002/lom3.10708