Instrument: Photosynthetically Available Radiation Sensor

Acronym: PAR sensor
External Identifier: skos:broadMatch: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/122/

Description

A PAR sensor measures photosynthetically available (or active) radiation. The sensor measures photon flux density (photons per second per square meter) within the visible wavelength range (typically 400 to 700 nanometers). PAR gives an indication of the total energy available to plants for photosynthesis. This instrument name is used when specific type, make and model are not known.


Dataset NamePI-Supplied DescriptionPI-Supplied Name
PAR recorded by two Odyssey PAR loggers in the Florida Keys from 11-17 July 2017Odyssey PAR logger; Serial numbers 1024, 1025; Calibrations: factory calibrated. Odyssey PAR logger
Temperature and pCO2 effects on survivability of 25 genotypes of Acropora cervicornis coral at Mote Marine Laboratory in Nov-Dec 2019PAR was measured using the Licor handheld (Li-COR LI-1500) with an underwater quantum senor (Li-Cor LI-192).  LI-COR handheld (Li-COR LI-1500)
Aquaria water quality PAR measurements from full factorial study of Acropora cervicornis at Mote Marine Laboratory in Nov-Dec 2019PAR was measured using the Licor handheld (Li-COR LI-1500) with an underwater quantum senor (Li-Cor LI-192).  LI-COR handheld (Li-COR LI-1500)
Microbial abundance, activity, and nutrient concentrations in Delaware Bay from R/V Hugh R. Sharp HRS090706DK in the Delaware Bay from July 2009 (Active bacteria in surface waters project)Biospherical light meter (model PNF-2102P) Profiling Natural Fluorescence Radiometer: Unlike strobe fluorometers, a natural fluorometer measures fluorescence emitted under the ambient light conditions that are driving photosynthesis in situ. Photosynthetically Available Radiation Sensor
Oxygen measurements from kelp forests and urchin barrens on the Aleutian Islands, Alaska from R/V Oceanus cruises OC1606A and OC1707A during 2016-2017Odyssey PAR Logger
PAR measurements from kelp forests and urchin barrens on the Aleutian Islands, Alaska from R/V Oceanus cruises OC1606A and OC1707A during 2016-2017Odyssey PAR Logger
Alongtrack data collected continuously by the ship's underway acquisition system from R/V Knorr cruise KN207-03 in the North Atlantic (transect from Ponta Delgada, Azores to Reykjavik, Iceland) in 2012 (NA-VICE project)Surface irradiance (or surface PAR) measured by Biospherical Instruments Inc. Model QSR-2240A. Photosynthetically Available Radiation Sensor
Data collected daily along the ship track in JGOFS format from ARSV Laurence M. Gould and RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer cruises to the Southern Ocean from 2001-2003 as part of the Southern Ocean GLOBEC project.Photosynthetically Available Radiation 400-700nm (PAR), sensor package mounted on ship's science mast. BSI QSR-240 Photosynthetically Available Radiation Sensors
Alongtrack data collected continuously by the ship's underway acquisition system from ARSV Laurence M. Gould cruise LMG1110 in the Southern Ocean in 2011Biosph. Instr. QSR-240P Photosynthetically Available Radiation Sensor
Alongtrack data collected continuously by the ship's underway acquisition system from R/V Knorr cruise KN207-01 in the southern tip of Nova Scotia to Bermuda in 2012 (SargassoSeaLipids project)Surface irradiance (or surface PAR) measured by Biospherical Instruments Inc. Model QSR-2240A. QSR 2200 Biospherical Instruments
Data collected daily along the ship track in from the LMG0602 cruise on ARSV Laurence M. Gould in the Southern Ocean from February to March 2006 (SouthernSalps project)Mast PAR sensor model: BSI QSR-240P Photosynthetically Available Radiation Sensor
Wind speed, temperature, and PAR observations from Massachusetts from 2012-2015.Recorded by two towers that were deployed at different times between May-November PAR sensor
Autotrophy, heterotrophy and niche partitioning in Caribbean sponges sampled June 9, 2019 on reef sites around Bocas del Toro Panama.Irradiance was measured at multiple depths from collection sites around STRI using a LI-COR LI-193 underwater spherical quantum sensor.  LI-COR LI-193 underwater spherical quantum sensor
Time series data from multiple instruments at 4 sites in Bermuda measured during September 2017Odyssey Photosynthetic active radiation logger
Underway data for Blue Heron cruise BH15-11 in the western arm of Lake Superior from August 2015 (Early Career Great Lakes research project, Novel Nutrient Paleoproxy project)
Bottle sample data from CTD casts from the third cruise of SPIROPA project, R/V Thomas G. Thompson cruise TN368, to the New England Shelfbreak in July of 2019The LI-COR Biospherical SPAR Sensor is used to measure Surface Photosynthetically Available Radiation (SPAR).  LI-COR Biospherical SPAR
Carbon and nitrogen data from kelp determined during seasonal global change experiments examining the effects of seasonal variation in light availability and nutrients on the response of three high-latitude kelp speciesA Diving-PAM-II (Heinz Wlz GmbH) MINI-SPEC was used to haphazardly record the photosynthetic photon flux density. Diving-PAM-II (Heinz Wlz GmbH) MINI-SPEC
CTD profiles from Lake Superior collected during various R/V Blue Heron cruises between 2007-2008 (CARGO project)PAR/Irradiance Biospherical QSP-200L
Temperature and irradiance from outdoor flumes at the UCB Gump Research Station Moorea, French Polynesia from November of 2015 to March of 2016PAR (using cosine-corrected PAR loggers, Dataflow Systems Ltd, Christchurch, New Zealand)
Light measurements from coral-light experiments (Dufault, 2013, JEB) from Taiwan, 2010 (MCR LTER project, Climate_Coral_Larvae project)PAR sensor
CTD Averaged Bottle Data from R/V Knorr KN197-08 in the Amazon River plume, NE coast of South America from May to June 2010 (ANACONDAS project)Surface PAR Biospherical Instruments QSR-240 s/n 6294 Calibrated 13 March 2008 Aquatic PAR Biospherical Instruments s/n QSP-200L4 s/n 4550 Calibrated 13 March 2008 Photosynthetically Available Radiation Sensor
CTD data from ring nets used to collect copepods on the RV/Ira, June-Oct 2017 and May 2019Biospherical scalar PAR sensor
CTD hydrographic and nutrients data from R/V Endeavor cruise EN496 in July 2011 in the Gulf of Mexico (GoMX - N2 Fixation project)Biospherical Instruments models QSP200L/QSR-240 Biospherical Instruments models QSP200L/QSR-240
CTD hydrographic and nutrient data from R/V Endeavor cruise EN509 in May-June 2012 in the Gulf of Mexico (GoMX - N2 Fixation project)Biospherical Instruments models QSP200L/QSR-240 Biospherical Instruments models QSP200L/QSR-240
CTD hydrographic and nutrient data from R/V Oceanus cruise OC468-02 in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010 (GoMX - N2 Fixation project)Biospherical underwater PAR (1000m depth limit) with reference Surface PAR Photosynthetically Available Radiation Sensor
CTD Profile Data from R/V Knorr KN197-08 in the Amazon River plume, NE coast of South America from May to June 2010 (ANACONDAS project)Photosynthetically Available Radiation Sensor
CTD profile data from R/V Endeavor cruise EN496 in July 2011 in the Gulf of Mexico (GoMX - N2 Fixation project)Biospherical Instruments models QSP200L/QSR-240 Biospherical Instruments models QSP200L/QSR-240
CTD profile data from R/V Endeavor cruise EN509 in May-June 2012 in the Gulf of Mexico (GoMX - N2 Fixation project)Biospherical Instruments models QSP200L/QSR-240 Biospherical Instruments models QSP200L/QSR-240
CTD profile data from R/V Oceanus cruise OC468-02 in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010 (GoMX - N2 Fixation project)Biospherical underwater PAR (1000m depth limit) with reference Surface PAR Photosynthetically Available Radiation Sensor
CTD casts from the SPIROPA project from R/V Neil Armstrong cruise AR29, Ronald H. Brown cruise RB1904 and R/V Thomas G. Thompson cruise TN368 to the New England Shelfbreak in 2018 and 2019LI-COR Biospherical SPAR
CTD data from R/V Seward Johnson and R/V Knorr cruises collected in the Tropical Eastern Pacific from 2007-2009 (ETP project)Biospherical underwater PAR QSP2300
CTD data from R/V Seward Johnson and R/V Knorr cruises collected in the Tropical Eastern Pacific from 2007-2009 (ETP project)Biospherical surface PAR QSR220
Two decibar averaged CTD profiles collected at the Hydrostation S site in the Sargasso Sea from October 1988 (cruise #60643) through July 2024 (cruise #61478)Biospherical PAR sensor
Integrated daily Photosynthetically Available Radiation (PAR) data from RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer cruises NBP0103, NBP0104, NBP0202, and NBP0204 in the Southern Ocean from 2001-2002 (SOGLOBEC project)Photosynthetically Available Radiation, PAR (400-700nm). Cosine irradiance (EsPAR) sensors collect light impinging on a Teflon-coated diffuser and the response is proportional to the cosine of the angle of incidence. Photosynthetically Available Radiation Sensors
Coral area from a study of year-long effects of high pCO2 on the community structure of a tropical fore reef assembled in outdoor flumes in Moorea, French Polynesia from 2017 to 2018Light in the flumes was measured continuously (at 0.0006 Hz) using cosine-corrected sensors (Odyssey, Dataflow Systems Ltd, Christchurch, New Zealand) that recoded PAR. Odyssey sensors were calibrated with a Li-COR meter [LI-1400, Li-COR Biosciences, Lincoln, NE, USA] attached to a 2p sensor [LI 192A])
Coral weight from a study of year-long effects of high pCO2 on the community structure of a tropical fore reef assembled in outdoor flumes in Moorea, French Polynesia from 2017 to 2018Light in the flumes was measured continuously (at 0.0006 Hz) using cosine-corrected sensors (Odyssey, Dataflow Systems Ltd, Christchurch, New Zealand) that recoded PAR. Odyssey sensors were calibrated with a Li-COR meter [LI-1400, Li-COR Biosciences, Lincoln, NE, USA] attached to a 2p sensor [LI 192A])
Results from feeding assays conducted as part of seasonal global change experiments examining the effects of seasonal variation in light availability and nutrients on the response of three high-latitude kelp speciesA Diving-PAM-II (Heinz Wlz GmbH) MINI-SPEC was used to haphazardly record the photosynthetic photon flux density. Diving-PAM-II (Heinz Wlz GmbH) MINI-SPEC
Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) from Odyssey PAR sensors deployed at three sites in the Florida Keys in June 2018Odyssey (Dataflow Systems, New Zealand) photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) sensor
Bottle and CTD data from the CARNE ASADA project from R/V New Horizon GoCAL4 in the Gulf of California and eastern tropical North Pacific from July to August 2008 (CARNE ASADA project)Biospherical Instruments PAR sensor model QSP-2300 was employed for PAR mesurements. Photosynthetically Available Radiation Sensor
Ammonium uptake from short-term 6-hour deckboard incubations on R/V Nancy Foster cruises NF1704 and NF1802 in the Gulf of Mexico in May of 2017 and 20182-π LI-COR photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) sensor to measure downwelling irradiance. 4-π water-proof LI-COR PAR sensor to measure ambient irradiance. Samples were drawn from depths near these light levels (as determined from noon CTD casts with CTD-mounted PAR sensor).  
Nitrate uptake from short-term 6-hour deckboard incubations on R/V Nancy Foster cruises NF1704 and NF1802 in the Gulf of Mexico in May of 2017 and 20182-π LI-COR photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) sensor to measure downwelling irradiance. 4-π water-proof LI-COR PAR sensor to measure ambient irradiance within the incubator. Samples were drawn from depths near these light levels (as determined from noon CTD casts with CTD-mounted PAR sensor).  
Ammonium uptake from short-term diel deckboard incubations on R/V Nancy Foster cruises NF1704 and NF1802 in the Gulf of Mexico in May of 2017 and 20182-π LI-COR photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) sensor to measure downwelling irradiance. 4-π water-proof LI-COR PAR sensor to measure ambient irradiance within the incubator. Samples were drawn from depths near these light levels (as determined from noon CTD casts with CTD-mounted PAR sensor).  
Nitrate uptake from short-term diel deckboard incubations on R/V Nancy Foster cruises NF1704 and NF1802 in the Gulf of Mexico in May of 2017 and 20182-π LI-COR photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) sensor to measure downwelling irradiance. 4-π water-proof LI-COR PAR sensor to measure ambient irradiance within the incubator. Samples were drawn from depths near these light levels (as determined from noon CTD casts with CTD-mounted PAR sensor).  
Measurements of seawater temperature, depth, and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) across seven sites at Heron Island, southern Great Barrier Reef from 2015 to 2020Seawater temperature, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and depth (2015-2016): Conductivity Temperature Depth units (SBE 16plusVS SEA-CAT) fitted with an auxiliary PAR sensor, Satlantic/ECO-PAR sensor) PAR sensor; Satlantic/ECO-PAR sensor
Data from moored instruments (pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature, salinity, PAR, pressure) at 9 depths outside and inside the kelp canopy at Hopkins Marine Station, recorded between June and October 2018.1 miniPAR sensor (PME, 1 minute sampling frequency). PME miniPAR sensors were paired with PME miniWIPERs set to wipe the PAR sensors every six hours to prevent biofouling. miniPAR sensor
Environmental sensor data from an underwater imaging system (ISIIS-3) collected during R/V Langseth cruise MGL2207 July 20-28 2022 and R/V Sally Ride cruise SR2317 August 10-20 2023 in the Northern California CurrentInstrumentation associated with ISIIS-3. Photosynthetically active radiation/irradiance (Biospherical QCP-2300)
Field conditions during grazing experiments in Kaneohe Bay, HI during 2012-2013 (EAGER: Copepod nauplii project)
Kelp growth data from seasonal global change experiments examining the effects of seasonal variation in light availability and nutrients on the response of three high-latitude kelp species A Diving-PAM-II (Heinz Wlz GmbH) MINI-SPEC was used to haphazardly record the photosynthetic photon flux density. Diving-PAM-II (Heinz Wlz GmbH) MINI-SPEC
Bottle data from R/V Kilo Moana KM1314 in the The North Pacific Ocean (Seattle to Honolulu, including Line P, Station ALOHA), Aug - Sept 2013 (Nitrification and Marine Planktonic Biodiversity project)Biospherical/Licor PAR/Irradiance Sensor PAR sensor
CTD data from R/V Kilo Moana KM1314 in the The North Pacific Ocean (Seattle to Honolulu, including Line P, Station ALOHA), Aug - Sept 2013 (Nitrification and Marine Planktonic Biodiversity project)Biospherical/Licor PAR/Irradiance Sensor PAR sensor
Time series of T. suecica densities under fluctuating temperatures experiment from May 2023 to Aug 2023Light was measured using a PAR sensor to verify that each cage was receiving at least 150 µmol m-2 s-2 (saturating irradiance (Bernhardt et al, 2018), and under 200 µmol m-2 s-2 to maintain consistent light conditions between cages.  PAR sensor
Organized and quality-controlled CalCOFI data for CTD casts and bottle measurements from CalCOFI stations between La Jolla, California to Point Conception between 1984-2019PAR irradiance sensor QSP-200L from Biospherical Instruments, Inc. (http://www.biospherical.com/) PAR irrandiance sensor QSP-200L
Organized and quality-controlled CalCOFI data for CTD casts and bottle measurements from CalCOFI stations between La Jolla, California to Point Conception between 1984-2019PAR irradiance sensor QSP-2300 from Biospherical Instruments, Inc. (http://www.biospherical.com/). PAR irrandiance sensor QSP-2300
Maximum depths of the visual luminoxyscape for four species of marine invertebrate larvae from CalCOFI stations between La Jolla, California to Point Conception between 1984-2019PAR irradiance sensor QSP-200L from Biospherical Instruments, Inc. (http://www.biospherical.com/) PAR irrandiance sensor QSP-200L
Maximum depths of the visual luminoxyscape for four species of marine invertebrate larvae from CalCOFI stations between La Jolla, California to Point Conception between 1984-2019PAR irradiance sensor QSP-2300 from Biospherical Instruments, Inc. (http://www.biospherical.com/).   PAR irrandiance sensor QSP-2300
Cross shelf undulating towed vehicle (Acrobat with MIDAS) survey data from R/V Pelican PE08-54, PE10-01, PE09-12 in the Northwest Florida shelf off Panama City, FL. from 2008-2009 (BenDiM project)LI-COR LI-190SZ Quantum Sensor Photosynthetically Available Radiation Sensor
All measurements used in the net oxygen production estimates from R/V Yellowfin cruises to the San Pedro Ocean Time-series (SPOT) in 2013 and 2014PAR sensor
CTD profiles from the Lake Superior collected during various R/V Blue Heron cruises between 2004-2006 (NILS project)Biospherical/Licor Photosynthetically Available Radiation Sensor
Incident PAR, daily totals from R/V Thomas G. Thompson cruises TT007, TT008, TT011 in the Equatorial Pacific in 1992 during the U.S. JGOFS Equatorial Pacific (EqPac) projectPhotosynthetically Available Radiation Sensors
Photosynthetically Available Radiation (PAR) from R/V Thomas G. Thompson TT043, TT045, TT049, TT050, TT053, TT054 cruises in the Arabian Sea in 1995 (U.S. JGOFS Arabian Sea project)Photosynthetically Available Radiation Sensor
PAR data from stable isotope experiments conducted in Massachusetts from 2012.Situated in the middle of a fiberglass tank. LI-COR underwater spherical quantum sensor (LI-193) and datalogger (LI-1400)
CTD data, bottle nutrients, and chlorophyll-a from phytoplankton taxa from R/V Pelican PE08-54, PE09-12, PE10-01 in the Northwest Florida shelf off Panama City FL. from 2008-2009 (BenDiM project)Photosynthetically Available Radiation Sensor
Physicochemical and phytoplankton data collected during the STRATIPHYT I and II cruises in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean. Cruises took place during the summer of 2009 and spring of 2011 aboard the R/V Pelagia.photosynthetic active radiation (PAR; Satlantic) Satlantic
Links to accessions for 18S rDNA, chloroplast and metagenomics (picoeukaryote) data from multiple cruises from the Sargasso Sea and CalCOFI line 67 from 2001-2009 (PHYTO_GENOME project)Photosynthetically Available Radiation Sensor
Compilation of primary productivity measurements collected from 1983-2006 from the Ross SeaIrradiance was determined largely using an in situ PAR sensor, but earlier cruises also used a secchi disk. in situ PAR sensor
Compilation of primary productivity measurements collected from 1983-2006 from the Ross SeaPhotosynthetically active radiation (PAR) were collected using a BioSpherical Sensor Model QSP-240 placed as close to the incubators as possible. BioSpherical Sensor Model QSP-240
Simulated in situ production data from RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer cruises NBP0103, NBP0104, NBP0202, and NBP0204 in the Southern Ocean from 2001-2002 (SOGLOBEC project)Photosynthetically Available Radiation Sensors, PAR was measured with a Biospherical Instruments GUV Radiometer (cosine-corrected downwelled irradiance) mounted on ship's science mast configured with PAR channels (400-700nm). Photosynthetically Available Radiation Sensors
CTD profiles from the Great Lakes, North America collected during various R/V Blue Heron cruises between 2009-2012 (SINC project)Biospherical QSP-200L
Photosynthetically available radiation (PAR) from R/V Endeavor cruises in the Gulf of Maine and Georges Bank in 1995 as part of the U.S. GLOBEC program (GB project)Photosynthetically Available Radiation Sensors. Biospherical Inst. PUV-500, PUV-510. Last Calibration of Sensors Photosynthetically Available Radiation Sensors
Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) from in-situ flume experiments to manipulate pCO2 on shallow tropical coral reef communities at UCB Gump Research Station Moorea, French Polynesia in May of 2018PAR logger, Dataflow Systems Ltd; Li-Cor LI 192S cosine sensor affixed to Li-Cor LI1400 m. Cosine-corrected PAR loggers, Dataflow Systems Ltd, Christchurch, New Zealand. PAR loggers
Light data collected from loggers deployed at the Thalassia Experimental Network (TEN) sites in the Western Atlantic from 2018-2019Odyssey Submersible PAR light loggers. Light loggers were individually calibrated against a Li-Cor 2pi PAR sensor connected to a Licor. Odyssey Submersible PAR light logger
Trichodesmium species in the North Atlantic from R/V Oceanus OC469-01 in the NW Atlantic, Woods Hole to Barbados from October 2010 (Trichodesmium project)Biospherical underwater PAR (1000m depth limit) with reference Surface PAR PAR sensor
Trichodesmium species in the North Atlantic from R/V Oceanus OC471-01 in the NW Atlantic: Woods Hole to Barbados from April 2011 (Trichodesmium project)Biospherical underwater PAR (1000m depth limit) with reference Surface PAR PAR sensor
Underway Data Acquisition System (UDAS) data from R/V Point Sur cruise PS1312 along the Central California coast from June to July of 2013 (Diatom Group Si Prod project)Li-Core Model Pyranometer (Radiation)